An exploratory study of basic income fidelity index

There is growing interest in adopting basic income as a new social protection policy in many countries. South Korea is no exception. There have been heated discussions on the benefits and costs of adopting basic income as a universal income support program among policy makers and academics in South Korea. However, one of the problems in the discourse of basic income discussion in South Korea has been a lack of clear definition of basic income. In this study, we develop a basic income fidelity index (BIFI) that can be applied to basic income programs to show how fully a program fits to the basic income concept. Such an index can be useful in making the terminologies and concepts of basic income clearer. We test feasibility of BIFI by applying it to four different case examples of basic income; Alaska Permanent Fund, UK Child Trust Fund, Switzerland’s Basic Income Plan, and Finland’s Basic Income Experiment. We show BIFI can be a useful tool to differentiate various types of basic income. It can be also used to identify strengths and weaknesses of a basic income scheme.     

试论汪曾祺审美理想与创作实践的关系——兼对一种批评方法的思考

作家的理论主张与作品实际往往不一致。在批评方法上 ,如果仅仅以作家的理论主张阐释其作品 ,或在作品中寻找一些例证印证作者的理论 ,势必造成某些误读 ,忽略了创作主体与创作过程之间的复杂性。汪曾祺对小说创作的审美主张是“真实”与“和谐” ,实际上其作品在大量“真实”的背后 ,还有长期被掩盖的“失真” ,在被认为“和谐”的旋律中 ,还有不和谐的音符     

Nonprofit Service Organizations: Fidelity with Strategic Plans for Financial Survival—Critical Roles for Chief Executive Officers

ABSTRACT

This study focuses on two nonprofit health education-advocacy organizations and the impetus and goals for initiating and implementing a strategic plan for financial survival. The study addressed the similarities and differences in implementation processes and the degree of fidelity (adherence) to the plan once implemented. On-site interviews in two different geographic areas were conducted. Content analysis revealed a sense of optimism about the future tempered by sharpened awareness of the need for following a strategic plan for survival driven by the difficulties of fund raising in today's increasingly financially competitive environment. Findings of the study indicate that poststrategic plan fidelity after implementation did exist. Communication between and among chief executive officers and volunteer board members reflects an area for further exploration. The study has important applied implications for the small, financially challenged nonprofit organization.     

“Compassion,pleasantry, and hope”: A process evaluation of a volunteer-based nonprofit

As funders continue to emphasize the importance of documented results, nonprofit organizations must work to complete program evaluations that are both valuable and feasible. The purpose of this paper is to document a practical process evaluation of a southeastern nonprofit, a local Meals on Wheels. Using a mixed methods approach, we sought to answer four evaluation questions: (1) What are the essential program components, as identified by key stakeholders; (2) To what extent are volunteers implementing the identified essential components as intended; (3) What is the level of volunteer satisfaction with the program; and (4) What suggestions do stakeholders have for improving the program? Our findings indicate that most aspects of the program were implemented as intended, but inconsistencies occurred when volunteers were unsure of their assigned duties. In addition, volunteers had high levels of satisfaction and specific suggestions for improvement. From these results, we developed a conceptual model of factors contributing to quality of implementation and volunteer satisfaction that may be generalizable to other volunteer-based nonprofits. Specifically, we identified three factors that helped to facilitate satisfaction and performance: leadership, social contact, and fulfillment. Finally, this process evaluation demonstrates the feasibility of developing and implementing evaluation tools in similar organizations.     

The senses and virtual environments

Designers and developers of immersive 3D virtual environments typically aim to faithfully recreate real-world scenarios yet, traditional emphasis is placed on recreating the visual, and to a much lesser extent, auditory scenes, while ignoring the other senses despite their importance in the real world. However, simulation all of the senses in real-time with a high level of fidelity is still not feasible and recent work has shown that high fidelity reproduction of the real world doesn’t necessarily lead to the greatest user experience and outcomes. In the real world, senses interact with one another and alter each other’s processing and ultimately perception. An understanding of this multi-modal interactivity can, therefore, inform our development of virtual environments. Through perceptual-based rendering, we can exploit multimodal effects to reduce computational requirements while creating more compelling scenarios that take advantage of current technology. In this article, we provide a brief review of fidelity, multimodal interactions and perceptual-based rendering in the virtual domain. We emphasize the perception of reality in the virtual world is subjective and not necessarily a reproduction of reality, but rather a combination of personal experiences including those pertaining to media consumption, which can ultimately lead to better user experiences.     

把握人物形象,力求更信更达更雅——《红与黑》重译漫谈

“信、达、雅”依然是我们在翻译中必须遵循的原则。翻译中,人物的心理、言行必须符合人物的典型性格,符合人物的相互关系。翻译应注重整体把握,不必过分拘泥于形式,要是形似与神似发生矛盾,宁可离形一尺,也不离神一寸。译文不仅要表达原文的表层意义,更须传达出原文的深层意蕴,还得注意语意的衔接。文学翻译不是文字翻译,文学翻译要表现出作者的风格、文采、让读者感受到文学特有的美。应尊重并珍惜原文中固有的形式美,或对偶、或排比都应尽可能保存。     

会计信息失真的成因与治理

会计信息失真的原因可概括为两方面 ,即非违法性会计信息失真和违法性会计信息失真。对此 ,需要从以下几个方面加以治理 :以《会计法》为准绳 ,加强会计法制建设 ,认真贯彻落实新制度 ;完善会计监督体系 ,形成有效的监控机制 ;加强会计职业道德教育 ,提高会计信息制造者的素质 ;逐步改革会计人员管理体制 ,完善会计委派制。     

Family group decision making: Measuring fidelity to practice principles in public child welfare

This study describes the development and validation of a short, self-administered fidelity measure used to capture the perspectives of a range of individuals participating in a family group decision making conference. Exploratory factor analyses suggested either a two or a three factor solution. Findings from confirmatory factor analysis supported a three factor model that includes sets of practices yielding: (1) Productive Decision Making; (2) Family Group Inclusion; and (3) Professional Supportiveness. These results provide direction to public child welfare practitioners and policymakers about the importance and the feasibility of attending to multiple perspectives in assessing program delivery.     

从女性主义翻译理论角度解读“不忠的美人”

＂不忠的美人＂是翻译界流传很广的一句经典,而女性主义翻译理论的出现彻底颠覆了这种传统的忠实翻译观。从女性主义及其翻译观入手,通过分析作者与译者、翻译与性别的关系,探讨女性主义翻译理论对忠实的创造性叛逆,并提出该理论的局限性。     

文化差异与翻译的求同存异

语言和文化两者密不可分,相互依存。同样的词语在不同的历史、文化和习俗背景下所产生的语义和效果不同。要学好英语,就要了解英语产生的社会文化背景,了解中外文化差异;翻译中教会学生从文化内涵来分析并理解作品,处理好文化差异中的求同存异。文中简述了后现代语境下的文化与翻译以及几种常见的翻译方法。