论文学翻译中的“创造性叛逆”

传统翻译理论强调“忠实”而忽略了“创造”与“叛逆”，强调语言层面上的转换而忽略了文化层面上的转换。２０世纪７０年代以来，西方翻译研究出现的“文化转向扩大了翻译研究的对象，拓展了翻译研究的领”域，译者、读者和接受环境成为研究对象。文章试图通过对“创造性叛逆”这一命题的阐释，证明“创造性叛逆”的不可避免性和文学价值。     

Effects as a function of implementation fidelity of a transdiagnostic prevention program in young school-aged children

Super Skills for Life (SSL) is a transdiagnostic prevention program for school-aged children with internalizing problems. The current study aimed to examine the short- and long-term (12-month follow-up) effectiveness of SSL, depending on implementation fidelity. Participants were 123 Spanish-speaking children aged 6–8 years with internalizing symptoms and their parents. High (n = 41) and low fidelity (n = 26) groups were established and compared with a control group (CG) (n = 56). Compared to CG, the high-fidelity group (HFG) achieved better outcomes than the low-fidelity group (LFG) at short and long term, including symptoms of anxiety, depression, and internalizing problems, and also externalizing problems at long-term. The LFG improved key symptoms at short term (depression) and long term (anxiety and depression). Findings suggest that SSL is beneficial even if not delivered at maximum fidelity, although considering the influence of implementation fidelity is critical because the high-fidelity implementation yielded the greatest effects when compared to the CG. This research provides valuable data, analyzing for the first time the influence of fidelity on SSL outcomes in young school-aged children exhibiting internalizing symptoms, while there is still a lack of studies of these characteristics concerning transdiagnostic prevention programs targeting childhood anxiety and depression.     

翻译“创造性叛逆”：一种深度忠实

传统翻译忠实标准强调理想化的忠实而轻视翻译的创造性叛逆,认为创造性叛逆是对忠实标准的背叛,忠实和创造性叛逆是对立的。在梳理文献的基础上,论证了创造性叛逆忠实于翻译主体（即作者、译者和读者）,忠实于文化交流和传播,忠实于翻译自身的发展,从而得出结论：创造性叛逆不仅不是对忠实标准的背叛,反而是深度的忠实。     

Do Marginalized Youth Experience Strengths in Strengths-Based Interventions? Unpacking Program Acceptability through Two Interventions for Sexual and Gender Minority Youth

ABSTRACT

Strengths-based interventions have potential to improve the wellbeing of sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY). This study examined the youth program acceptability of two strengths-based programs tailored for SGMY: ASSET (group counseling), and strengths first (SF) (care coordination). A mixed-methods approach was applied to secondary data extracted from client files (n = 247). Most participants were aged 15–18 (89%). Gender identities included woman (66%), man (30%), and transgender (<1%). Sexual orientations included bisexual (32%), lesbian (26%), gay (23%), and queer/pansexual (14%). Most participants identified as White, Hispanic (47%), Black, Non-Hispanic (17%), and Hispanic, No other race (19%). Program acceptability was measured using the 11-item Youth Acceptability and Strengths Scale. Quantitative analyses indicate program acceptability was high for SGMY participants and did not significantly differ across program type, gender identity, sexual orientation, or ethnoracial identity. There were no differences between strengths enhancement or client satisfaction between intervention types. Compared to group counseling, care coordination significantly increased problem-solving skills. Qualitative analysis identified that strengths-based interventions provided: (a) social support; (b) community; (c) confidence; and (d) positive mentors. Findings demonstrate the acceptability of strengths-based programming for SGMY. Strategies are provided to incorporate intervention program acceptability, yet future research is needed to explore youth acceptability.     

广告翻译的目的论

随着世界经济文化的发展,翻译行为日益趋向多元化,在传统的翻译理论框架内难以充分地解释各种复杂的翻译行为,传统的"信、达、雅"翻译原则也已无法完全适应广告这种特殊文体的翻译。功能派的翻译理论———目的论认为翻译是有明确目的的跨文化交际行为,它遵循目的性原则、连贯性原则和忠实性原则,从而修正了传统的"信、达、雅"原则,确立了新的广告翻译原则,给广告翻译注入了新的活力。     

文学翻译：“叛逆”中求“忠实”

文学翻译过程中的“忠实”与“叛逆”现象一直困扰着译者,两者常被认为是僵硬的二元对立,不．可得兼。实际上,在“忠实”标准指导下适度“叛逆”往往是实现“忠实”的好方法,即：我们可以在“叛逆”中求得“忠实”。     

从“忠实”到“理性多元”：翻译标准的构建

传统翻译理论强调译文对原文的忠实,其核心是“忠实”翻译标准。但后现代解构主义认为意义不是原先固有的,翻译并非在真空中进行,这在理论层面上彻底解构了传统译论的核心,但它并未建构出新的翻译标准。后现代建构主义学者哈贝马斯提出“交往合理性”的概念,认为交往合理性应包括“真实性、正当性、真诚性”。翻译作为一种跨文化社会交往活动,应遵守这一交往合理性。在这一理论的指导下,提出了“理性多元”的翻译标准。     

解构“忠实”——译论研究的哲学转向

文章旨在解构主义理论的哲学视角下,对＂忠实＂的翻译标准进行再解读。所谓的＂解构＂,在翻译领域中,其实是以积极的肯定和承认为逻辑前提,破除单一、封闭的文本结构,进而产生多元、开放的译本,使原文在发展和扩大的过程中完成自身。尊重原文、再现原文,依然是译者的任务所在。     

Implementation fidelity and adolescent smoking: The X:IT study—A school randomized smoking prevention trial

BackgroundAssessing the actual implementation of multi-component interventions can provide important knowledge for future interventions. Intervention components may be implemented differently, knowledge about this can provide an understanding of which components are essential and therefore must be included. The aim of this study was to examine the implementation of one, two, or all three main intervention components at the individual level and to assess the association to current smoking among 13 year-olds in the X:IT study.MethodsData stems from a cluster-randomized controlled trial in 94 Danish elementary schools (51 intervention; 43 control schools). Implementation was measured by aspects of adherence, dose, quality of delivery, and participant responsiveness based on questionnaire data from 4161 pupils at baseline (mean-age: 12.5 years) and 3764 pupils at first follow-up eight months later. Coordinator responses from 49 intervention schools were also included. Associations between individual level implementation of the three main components and pupil smoking were examined through a 3-level logistic regression model.ResultsAlthough implementation fidelity for the three main intervention components was good, only one third (38.8%) of pupils in intervention schools were exposed to full implementation of the intervention. Among these pupils odds ratio for smoking was 0.25 (95% CI: 0.15 – 0.42).ConclusionsSchool-based programs can be very effective if carefully implemented. Future school-based smoking preventive initiatives should include multiple components, and seek to enhance implementation quality of all components.