Gender and social conformity: Do men and women respond differently to social pressure to vote?

In this paper, we re-analyze data from a large-scale field experiment (N = 344,084) on voter turnout in order to determine whether men and women respond differently to social pressure aimed at voter mobilization. To date, there have been mixed results regarding the interaction between a person’s gender and receptivity to social influence. On the whole, our analyses confirm prior findings that social pressure increases voter turnout but uncover little to no evidence of gender differences in receptivity to social pressure cues in the context of political participation.     

The older the bolder: Does relative age among peers influence children’s preference for competition?

Having been relatively old at school tends to have a long lasting positive effect on professional achievement, in particular in competitive environments (sports, politics). We investigate the roots of this pattern and study whether the relative age position of children at school plays a role in shaping their preference for competition. We run a controlled experiment in high schools across two states in Australia. Our participants are students who are the very oldest or very youngest in their classroom. We elicit their preference for competition using the Niederle and Vesterlund (2007) task and find evidence of an effect of relative age. This effect is concentrated on male students. We find no differences in self-confidence, and risk attitudes between relatively old and young students. These results suggest that the observed pattern may come from pure preference for competition.     

新课改背景下数学师范生专业技能培养的探究

介绍新课改对数学教师的新要求,设想数学师范生专业技能的结构,并对数学师范生专业技能的培养原则及其措施进行了探究.     

女性在田野调查中的性别处境研究

当研究者进入田野，田野对象就会试图将研究者放置在一个位置上，而研究者也会给自身寻找一个适合的位置．田野对象对研究者的定位反映的即是一般的社会性别价值。通过对12位女性研究者进行访谈，拟了解女性研究者是否因自身性别而遭受困境，其性别先前理解又是如何影响她对于性别差别遭遇的反应的。结果发现，虽然处于不同的年龄、专业领域，拥有不同的生活阅历，女性研究者在田野中的经验却有着相似之处。即她们的专业角色被忽视，更多地被视为传统女性的角色。在这一现实背景下，为了使研究能够顺利进行。女性研究者通常的选择是表现得有礼貌或者不得不忍气吞声。     

Translating Spirituality: Universalism and Particularism in the Diffusion of Spiritual Care from the United States to Israel

Research on the transnational diffusion of ideas and practices shows how cultural objects go through translation, adaptation, and vernacularization when implemented in new localities. Less attention is given to the translators themselves and their heterogeneous and often conflicting visions. Drawing on the notion of transnational social fields (TSF s), this article investigates how cultural objects get vernacularized differently in different parts of the TSF , demonstrating how processes of translation reflect larger social and political struggles over questions of identity. As a case study, we focus on the attempt of actors from Israel and the United States to institutionalize spiritual care in Israeli health‐care organizations. The analysis reveals how spiritual care functioned as a porous cultural object, open to a wide range of interpretations and debates. While actors in New York saw in spiritual care the opportunity to bridge to Israeli Jews and create a global Jewish identity, Israeli actors split between using spiritual care as a vehicle for creating a local Israeli Jewish identity and seeing in spiritual care the opportunity to establish universal identities, broader than the Jewish one. The disagreement and conflicts between the groups influenced the translation process, turning it into a contentious struggle that involved different positions on the continuum between particularism and universalism.     

论《齐民要术》新生复合词中的同义词

《齐民要术》是中古时期口语性较强的一部农业科技著作，书中使用了较多复合词，有的复合词意义相近或相关，彼此聚合成群，形成了不同的同义词词场。这些同义词词场中的复合词在构词上都有相同的特点：即构成复合词的两个语素单用时意义相近或相关，这样的复合词应是当时的语言社团根据已有的并列式构词法创造的新词。在汉语词汇的历时发展中，《齐民要术》中使用的同义复合词呈现出不同的发展结果：由曾经常用的单音词作语素构成的复合词或易于通过隐喻机制形成新义的复合词使用频率相对较高，生命力相对较强，在竞争中也相对较容易发展成汉语中的常用复合词；使用频率低或难以产生隐喻引申义的复合词很容易退出语言交际领域，从而成为汉语词汇历史发展中某阶段的陈迹。     

职业院校思想政治教育应重视“五结合”

论述了职业教育在经济社会发展中具有不可替代的重要作用。指出我国职业教育在实施中存在更多地关注了学生专业能力和技术的培养,相对忽视了一些非智力、非技术性的品质、素养的塑造与提高等问题。针对职业院校学生的实际情况,提出了结合学生心理、结合学生专业、结合顶岗实习、结合社会实践、结合学生就业等加强学生思想政治教育的措施,以增强德育教育的科学性、针对性、实效性,全面提升学生的综合素质。     

How Sunday, price, and social norms influence donation behaviour

We describe a natural field experiment investigating donation behaviour. The setting was an art gallery where donations could be deposited into a transparent box in the foyer. Two aspects of the donation environment were manipulated: signs on the donation box and the initial contents of the box. We used three sign treatments: a control with no sign, a sign that thanked donors, and a sign that indicated donations would be matched. We used two initial contents treatments: one with relatively little money ($50) and one with four times as much. The average donation per donor was significantly larger in the $200 treatments but this was offset by a decrease in the propensity to donate. In the matching treatments donations were significantly larger both at the per donor and per visitor level. A control variable turned out to have the largest influence on donation behaviour: the day of the week. The average donation per visitor was 51% higher on Sundays, when compared to every other day of the week.     

高校网络思想政治教育发展探讨

本文主要针对网络领域出现的新情况，就网络思想政治教育所涉及的模式、方法和手段、内容、环境、教育对象和教师队伍等要素的变革和发展进行分析探讨。