基于组合预测的风险值研究

针对准确地预测一个金融资产的风险值具有一定困难的问题,从风险值的特点出发,探讨了使用组合预测方法来预测风险值的意义以及确定组合预测权重和单个模型选取的方法。结论是用组合预测方法能提高风险值的预测表现;影响预测表现的关键因素是权重和单个模型的选取。     

The forecast accuracy of Australian Bureau of Statistics national population projections

This paper examines the forecast accuracy of Australian Bureau of Statistics national population projections produced from the 1960s to the early 2000s. As well as total populations, the accuracy of the following is assessed: age-sex-specific populations, the Total Fertility Rate, life expectancy at birth and net international migration. It is shown that forecasts of the 1960s and 70s were the most inaccurate; forecasts of the 1980s and later proved to be much more reliable. The paper goes on to take an alternative perspective on population forecast error through the use of an adapted percentage error measure which accounts for offsetting errors in births, deaths, net migration and the jump-off population. This measure also permits an assessment of the relative contributions of the components of demographic change to overall inaccuracy. It is shown that errors in forecasting net international migration have generally contributed most to inaccuracy followed by births and then deaths and jump-off error. ABS projections of total population are also compared to those produced using a simple naïve model. The paper concludes by arguing that the new error measure could prove valuable in other studies of population forecast accuracy.     

上市公司现金流操控动机选择研究

对现金流管理的研究是继盈余管理后兴起的管理层舞弊行为研究。在已有关于现金流操控阈值点研究的基础上,以2004年至2009年有分析师预测值的中国上市公司为样本,运用条件分布法,采用统计变量τ和z计算分布频率,并以分布频率直方图直观显示,分析上市公司在现金流量阈值点操控行为的动机选择。从统计结果和分布频率图可知,公司管理层对3个现金流阈值点确实存在不同选择。操控现金流微正的动机最强,即公司管理层更注重报告微正现金流量,其次是超越往年现金流量动机,而迎合分析师预测的动机最弱。研究还发现,管理层存在多重操控动机,即在控制已达到某一个阈值点之后,公司管理层更倾向达到另一个阈值点,存在好上加好的心理。     

2011-2012年中国宏观经济预测与分析

"中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)"课题组基于最新发布的中国宏观经济季度数据调整并估计CQMM,预测2011年和2012年中国宏观经济运行趋势.预测结果表明,2011年GDP可能增长10.13%,2012年,GDP增长率可能回落至9.45%;2011年CPI预计将达到5.4%,2012年还将维持在4.55%的水平.课题组就通货膨胀对城乡不同收入群体收入的影响,以及人民币升值对抑制通货膨胀的有效性进行政策模拟.结果显示,CPI上涨对农村居民的冲击大于城镇居民,对低收入群体的冲击大于高收入群体;而人民币升值不是降低通货膨胀的有效方法.因此,要实现将通货膨胀控制在4%的政策目标,就必须坚决地将经济增长速度控制在9%左右.人民币升值不宜过快,应保持相对稳定的汇率政策.此外,必须采取有力措施保障低收入阶层的收入增长.     

企业内部控制缺陷：国内外研究综述与展望

在企业内部控制制度理论研究和实践建设取得重大推进后,内部控制缺陷成为近年来内部控制研究的新热点。西方学者在此方面取得了丰富的研究成果,而我国的研究相对滞后。文章对国内外关于内部控制缺陷的研究成果进行了全面梳理,并进一步探讨了未来的研究方向。     

市场反应对盈利预测信息后续披露行为的影响——基于中国沪深A股的经验证据

以2006--2009年为研究窗口,选取在沪、深交易所上市的公司（仅限于发布业绩预告的上市公司）作为样本进行实证研究。结果表明：管理者在自愿披露盈利预测时并非仅仅因为好消息或坏消息来决定披露意愿,还要考虑市场是否合理反映了先前披露的信息;管理者首次披露盈利预测习性越早,其披露盈利预测意愿越强。     

需求预测综合模型及其与库存决策的集成研究

准确的预测有助于企业做出有效的决策,包括生产计划、定价和促销决策等,以减少库存、提高客户满意度和企业竞争力． 以快速消费品为研究对象,分析其需求影响因素,建立了时间序列分析与多元回归整合的需求预测综合模型; 将此预测模型引入到库存决策中,构建了基于库存成本最小的需求预测与库存决策集成模型,并借助变邻域搜索算法获得模型的参数值; 最后,选用实际数据,验证了所构建的需求预测综合模型、物流需求预测与库存决策集成模型及其求解方法的有效性．     

Modelling the tradeoff between postponement capacity and forecast accuracy

The ability to offer rapid delivery of a wide variety of customised products requires companies to maintain high levels of product inventories to quickly respond to customer demands. One alternative for reducing final product inventories while providing the required customer service level is delayed product differentiation, known as postponement. This strategy, however, can result in significant costs of increasing capacity at the postponement stage. Another alternative is to improve forecast accuracy, resulting in costs associated with more sophisticated forecasting methodologies. In this study we model the costs associated with each alternative and the resulting reductions in inventory levels, while maintaining a constant service level. We illustrate the interaction between these variables using a numerical example motivated by our work with a local manufacturer of non-durable household goods. Our findings show that large cost differences can exist between the two strategies, and that these costs play a significant role in determining the best strategy. Also, the value of the product (through holding cost) sets a limit on the benefit that can be realised by either strategy. These results have important managerial implications that should be considered when making the postponement decision.     

基于需求预测的两级动态配送路径优化研究

针对传统响应式配送难以应对海量动态客户需求的困境,在此提出基于需求预测的两级动态配送路径优化方法。利用历史数据从需求预测、需求聚类和需求配额三个维度,处理电商物流配送过程中的动态需求;建立基于需求预测的单阶段和多阶段两级车辆配送路径优化模型,并针对问题特性利用分支定界算法与CW-禁忌搜索算法生成两个阶段的最优配送路径。最后结合实验案例对模型与算法的有效性进行验证,试验结果表明本文设计方法具有较好的动态场景适应度和客户响应能力。     

The predictive distributions of thinning‐based count processes

This paper shows that the term structure of conditional (i.e. predictive) distributions allows for closed form expression in a large family of (possibly higher order or infinite order) thinning‐based count processes such as INAR(p), INARCH(p), NBAR(p), and INGARCH(1,1). Such predictive distributions are currently often deemed intractable by the literature and existing approximation methods are usually time consuming and induce approximation errors. In this paper, we propose a Taylor's expansion algorithm for these predictive distributions, which is both exact and fast. Through extensive simulation exercises, we demonstrate its advantages with respect to existing methods in terms of the computational gain and/or precision.