21世纪中国女性健康面临的新机遇与挑战

21世纪伊始,公共健康服务在全球备受重视。中国继续深化社会经济体制改革,并强调和谐社会的构建,为中国女性健康带来了前所未有的机遇。同时,社会、经济、环境的急剧变化以及文化、社会心理和人们行为的变迁,使得中国女性健康面临着严峻的冲击与挑战。因此在健康促进的大框架下,从社会性别的视角出发,提出了改善中国女性健康的若干策略建议,强调应充分发挥和谐社会三大主体即政府、市场、非政府和非营利组织(NGO/NPO)的积极作用,并形成良性互动,为改善我国女性健康做出积极的贡献。     

金融风险与金融脆弱性——兼论我国金融脆弱性的特殊原因及控制对策

金融脆弱性理论虽形成较晚,但对我国金融体系运作却有很强的警示作用。要解释和降低我国的金融脆弱性,必须结合一般性理论界说和特殊原因析取,并在此基础上形成从制度框架去打造金融机体免疫能力的核心思路。     

金融体系脆弱性问题研究述评

自从20世纪70年代以来，金融体系脆弱性问题被确立为金融学的研究对象，受到了各国政府和学者的关注，研究的内容主要有金融脆弱性的形成机理和度量方法。关于金融脆弱性的形成机理，经济基本面恶化观从宏观经济周期的角度进行了分析；“太阳黑子”观从微观角度即市场参与主体角度进行了分析；综合改进观实际上是前两种观点的糅和，其它观点则从信息经济学、行为经济学以及制度与政策层面等角度进行了分析。金融脆弱性的度量方法有两类，即零散指标度量法和指标体系综合度量法。     

Catching up,forging ahead or falling behind? Central and Eastern European development in 1990–2005

This paper aims to assess the economic development and development policies in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries in 1990–2005, from the collapse of the USSR to the enlargement of the European Union. A great number of authors have generally seen the transition as a very positive process. They have concluded that the reform policies focusing on macroeconomic and price stability have been the key to success for CEE economies. A reliable economic environment is, of course, instrumental for longer-term economic success, as exemplified by the prolonged crisis in most of the former Soviet Union. Our analysis of the economic development and competitive advantages in the region, however, leads to the conclusion that the specific approach to transition that the Central and Eastern European countries followed came at a rather high cost. Comparative neglect and weakness of a set of policies crucial for longer-term development, such as science, technology and innovation policies, has led to deterioration in the last decade rather than the strengthening of the competitive advantages of Central and Eastern European economies. Furthermore, we argue that, in most cases, CEE countries have unfortunately overlooked or misjudged a number of development challenges, and have thus implemented policies that have generated growth at the cost of rapidly increasing risks. This is how the financial fragility of several Central and Eastern European countries has recently increased drastically, and the region seems to have virtually arrived at the brink of economic collapse. Since the CEE countries joined the European Union, the CEE governments have gradually moved towards acquiring a more active role in economic development. These policies need, however, to be strengthened considerably and reinforced by macroeconomic policies that curb current excessive dependence on foreign-financed growth.     

辽宁省农业生态环境脆弱性相关分析

以辽宁省14个地区作为研究对象,通过层次分析法计算各项指标权重,对各地区的生态环境脆弱度计算结果表明,大连、抚顺、本溪、丹东、铁岭地区农业生态环境脆弱度在0．43～0．48之间,属于中度,这些地区生态环境最好;盘锦、鞍山、沈阳地区农业生态环境脆弱度在0．57～0．60之间,属于中强度,这些地区生态环境较好,营口、锦州、葫芦岛、朝阳、阜新地区农业生态环境脆弱度在0．61～0．69之间,生态环境较差;辽阳地区农业生态环境脆弱度最高,达0．71;属于极强度,说明该地区生态环境极其脆弱。因此,在辽宁地区应该开展绿色生态屏障体系建设,辽东山区大力营造水源涵养林,辽西北继续强化“三北”防护林体系建设,辽宁西部和南部地区继续加强沿海防护林体系建设,辽宁中部地区加强农田防护林体系建设,辽河流域应开展综合防护林体系建设等重点工程。农村开展点面治理污染为主的攻坚工程,城市以创建园林城市为载体的绿色城市工程。