“三鹿奶粉事件”背景下的我国食品安全监管的博弈分析

"三鹿奶粉事件"再一次给我国的食品安全问题敲响了警钟.运用博弈论的理论对食品安全的监管过程进行了分析,通过分析均衡结果与非均衡结果的经济含义指出在监管过程中"以罚代法"及"免检制"的不科学性;并从理论上对监管工作的制度设计和政策制定提出建议,主要有:综合各种措施降低监管成本;在监管过程中更加强调监管者的作用,同等地加大对违法厂商与渎职监管者的处罚力度;废除非"免检制"以及建立监管工作的长效机制.     

从“诺贝尔奖情结”看我国大学的科研问题

科技成果产出的制约因素很多,就其关键点而言,既有科研过程本身的问题,如项目运作、研究模式、学术风气乃至社会风习等等,又有科技成果产出的质量与成熟度、核心技术的先进性等问题,更有科技成果的管理尤其是价值取向、衡量标准等,还有人才培养各个方面的因素、民族的特点、传统习惯等。可以说是一个多方面综合的多面体。但究其重点,仍是管理及科学研究观念的现代化。本文从“诺贝尔奖情结”的视角对中国科研的“冷”思考,意在引导学术本位的形成,呼唤加强科研管理。     

发展成果由人民共享：中国特色社会主义的核心命题

“发展成果由人民共享”是中国特色社会主义的本质属性和核心命题,对于贯彻落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。坚持“发展成果由人民共享”必须正确理解其深刻内涵,以全体人民共同建设为前提,以实现又好又快发展为基础,处理好若干关系,建立健全发展成果共享机制。     

“三鹿奶粉”事件引起的思考——以成本与利润问题分析为例

“三鹿奶粉”重大食品安全事故,已导致全国近5万名婴幼儿患病,并一度造成广大社会民众对食品安全的极度恐慌。“三鹿奶粉”事件不但使中国食品行业发展遭遇重创,引发了整个中国食品行业的安全信任危机,而且在世界范围内再次掀起对“中国制造”问题的热议。“三鹿奶粉”事件产生的原因是多方面的,但主要归结于奶粉监督管理部门的规章制度不完善和监管不力以及企业道德失范、责任不明确或责任心不强等原因。而笔者力求利用经济学原理,从成本与利润分析这一新的视角出发,探讨奶制品行业造假贩假的本源,探索揭示“三鹿奶粉”事件发生的内在必然性,并提出相应的对策。     

从近代牛乳广告看中国的现代性——以1927～1937年《申报》为中心的考察

与近代中国特定的历史情境相契合,近代牛乳广告在陈述牛乳性能、促进销售的文字背后,隐含着丰富而独特的社会文化意蕴。它反映和投射了其时社会精英的现代民族国家想象、政府的卫生现代化实践、市民的现代健康生活向往,可以说,从多个面相呈现了近代中国社会的现代性。另一方面,作为一种大众文化形式,牛乳广告在反复陈述和传播中,又从相关维度促进了中国现代性因子的成长。     

填料塔中泛点气速的研究

本文提出了一种研究填料塔中泛点气速的方法,给出了泛点气速的关联式,并验证了关联式的可用性     

超声波对椰奶中蛋白质功能性影响

研究超声波对椰奶中蛋白质的溶解度、持水性、乳化性、起泡性等功能性质的影响。结果表明超声波处理使溶解度增加约6%、持水性增加约26.7%、乳化能力提高约3.7%、泡沫体积提高约11.8%。pH为7,乳化能力提高近4.8倍。乳化能力随着蛋白质浓度的增加而增大。pH为5.0~8.0,超声波处理的样品有较好的起泡能力。     

‘Pure milk’: dairy production and the discourse of purity in Mongolia

In this article I explore some of the ways in which consumer discourse related to factory-produced tarag (drinkable yogurt) reflects concerns about food safety and cultural identity in Mongolia. Providing examples of how Mongolian industrial dairy producers position products made from imported milk powder as ‘local’, ‘pure’, and ‘natural’, I contrast consumers’ views of ‘artificial’ or ‘poisonous’ milk from Inner Mongolia (China), uncertainty over the nature of Mongolian milk products, and the increasing terminological confusion brought about by dairy process standardization. This paper draws on an analysis of comments posted to Mongolian-language online news sites, in response to rumours that ‘Goyo Tarag’ – a popular yogurt beverage manufactured by Orgil Foods – might in fact be Chinese in origin.     

Risk Assessment of Listeriosis Linked to the Consumption of Two Soft Cheeses Made from Raw Milk: Camembert of Normandy and Brie of Meaux

This article reports a quantitative risk assessment of human listeriosis linked to the consumption of soft cheeses made from raw milk. Risk assessment was based on data purposefully acquired inclusively over the period 2000-2001 for two French cheeses, namely: Camembert of Normandy and Brie of Meaux. Estimated Listeria monocytogenes concentration in raw milk was on average 0.8 and 0.3 cells/L, respectively, in Normandy and Brie regions. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to account for the time-temperature history of the milk and cheeses from farm to table. It was assumed that cell progeny did not spread within the solid cheese matrix (as they would be free to do in liquid broth). Interaction between pH and temperature was accounted for in the growth model. The simulated proportion of servings with no L. monocytogenes cell was 88% for Brie and 82% for Camembert. The 99th percentile of L. monocytogenes cell numbers in servings of 27 g of cheese was 131 for Brie and 77 for Camembert at the time of consumption, corresponding respectively to three and five cells of L. monocytogenes per gram. The expected number of severe listeriosis cases would be < or =10(-3) and < or =2.5 x 10(-3) per year for 17 million servings of Brie of Meaux and 480 million servings of Camembert of Normandy, respectively.     

猕猴桃果浆贮藏效果研究

猕猴桃鲜果不耐贮运,笔者采用简易贮藏半成品果浆方法,贮存21个月效果良好,为乡镇食品厂提供缓解猕猴桃加工期的实践经验。