Developments in probability and mathematical statistics generated by studies in meteorology and weather modification

Invariably, a persistent study of a category of natural phenomena generates novel mathematical developments, occasionally including sophisticated mathematical concepts. Of the mathematical developments generated by meteorology and efforts to modify weather, the most sophisticated seems to be the concept of characteristic functional. It was first published by A. N. Kolmogorov to be unnoticed for twelve years. It was reintroduced in 1947 by L. M. LeCam, inspired by studies of meteorology. Substantially less sophisticated mathematical concepts stem from cloud seeding experiments. They include (i) “outlier prone” and “outlier resistant” distributions,(ii) two mechanisms of response to cloud seeding. and (iii) the concept of variability of response to cloudseeding.     

英语词汇语法歧义的系统功能语法阐释

歧义是一个纷繁复杂的现象，对歧义的分析有助于提高学习者驾驭语言的能力，并构建和谐顺畅的人际交流。以系统功能语法为理论框架，讨论英语词汇语法层的歧义现象。通过举例解析名词词组和小句的歧义现象，表明系统功能语法在解析和消解词汇语法层的歧义现象上具有独特的优势。     

《功能复合材料》互动式教学模式的构建与实践

文章分析了在《功能复合材料》课程中开展互动式教学的可行性;介绍了该课程互动式教学模式的构建,以及在教学方法、教学内容和考核评价方式等方面的实践经验。     

系统功能语法视角下汉诗《春夜喜雨》及其三英译本的及物性分析

及物性理论是系统功能语法理论中的一个重要概念。从这一理论出发，分析比较古诗《春夜喜雨》原文及其三个译本的语篇特点，从而得出翻译时最大程度上与原诗的过程类型达成对等，可以更好地传达其内容与思想，从而提高译文质量。     

Nonparametric Functional Estimation by Asymptotic Regression

Abstract

Nonparametric density estimates are obtained by the method of asymptotic regression (AR) on empirical stochastic processes. Rates of convergence for the density estimator are obtained in various norms. The methodology is applied to density estimation in two inverse problems: deconvolution and Wicksell's corpuscle problem.     

Approximate conditional inference and the linear functional model

Approximate conditional inference is developed for the slope parameter of the linear functional model with two variables. It is shown that the model can be transformed so that the slope parameter becomes an angle and nuisance parameters are radial distances. If the nuisance parameters are known an exact confidence interval based on a location-type conditional distribution is available for the angle. More gen¬erally, confidence distributions are used to average the conditional distribution over the nuisance parameters yielding an approximate conditional confidence interval that reflects the precision indicated by the data. An example is analyzed.     

Computing nonparametric functional estimates in semiparametric problems

The purpose of this note is to provide a brief account of available FORTRAN Routines for computing nonparametric functional estimates, Frequently used in semiparametric problems, evaluated at each data point. Then semiparametric estimates can be computed employing the use-favored economic software.     

功能对等理论视角下最新网络流行语的英译

近年来网络流行语的发展日新月异,已经逐渐成为研究语言、翻译、文化的新的方面。本文在功能对等理论的视角下,从语音、语义和语用方面阐述最新的网络流行语的英译,希望对外国友人了解汉语流行语的内涵能够起到积极的作用。     

Estimation of a semiparametric recursive bivariate probit model in the presence of endogeneity

The classic recursive bivariate probit model is of particular interest to researchers since it allows for the estimation of the treatment effect that a binary endogenous variable has on a binary outcome in the presence of unobservables. In this article, the authors consider the semiparametric version of this model and introduce a model fitting procedure which permits to estimate reliably the parameters of a system of two binary outcomes with a binary endogenous regressor and smooth functions of continuous covariates. They illustrate the empirical validity of the proposal through an extensive simulation study. The approach is applied to data from a survey, conducted in Botswana, on the impact of education on women's fertility. Some studies suggest that the estimated effect could have been biased by the possible endogeneity arising because unobservable confounders (e.g., ability and motivation) are associated with both fertility and education. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 39: 259–279; 2011 © 2011 Statistical Society of Canada