御园自是湖光好，山色还须让静宜——浅析香山静宜园28景经营意向

香山静宜园是著名清代皇家园林,始建于乾隆朝,是清代皇家园林的重要代表,涵纳的造园意象非常丰富,具有极高的研究价值。系统地研究静宜园28景的构成要素和设计手法,总结出香山静宜园建筑设计和景观经营意向,有助于深入探索自然山水园的思想精髓,对当今的建筑环境以及景观设计都有重要的借鉴和指导意义。     

当代景观设计的内涵及外延深化研究

景观设计是一门新兴学科,它是溶城市与生态环境规划、改造、保护和恢复的综合性系统工程。在我国的历史很短,但却发展迅速,为推动我国社会的文明化和现代化进程做出了贡献。但是,也凸现了一些内涵定位和外延的科学性与现实性问题,这些问题不仅关系到民族的审美意识和价值取向,也关系到国家基本建设资金使用的最优统筹化。     

农产品电商集群企业地理邻近性对协同创新绩效的影响

基于知识治理视角,构建农产品电商集群企业地理邻近性、知识治理、知识共享和协同创新绩效关系的链式中介模型,并引入网络关系强度作为调节变量,结合341家农产品电商集群企业的调研数据,采用多层次回归和Bootstrap分析方法,分析地理邻近性对协同创新绩效的直接作用,检验知识治理和知识共享的独立中介作用和链式中介作用,以及网络关系强度的调节作用。结果表明：地理邻近性正向影响协同创新绩效;知识治理在地理邻近性和协同创新绩效间发挥中介作用;知识共享在知识治理和协同创新绩效间发挥中介作用;知识治理和知识共享在地理邻近性和协同创新绩效间发挥链式中介作用;网络关系强度正向调节正式知识治理和显性知识共享的链式中介作用。因此,农产品电商集群企业要把握数字经济发展契机,善于利用集群区位优势和产业资源,激发正式知识治理和非正式知识治理的双重效应,与合作企业建立良好的知识共享关系,实现高质量协同创新发展。     

Sampling from spatial databases

This paper deals with techniques for obtaining random point samples from spatial databases. We seek random points from a continuous domain (usually ²) which satisfy a spatial predicate that is represented in the database as a collection of polygons. Several applications of spatial sampling (e.g. environmental monitoring, agronomy, forestry, etc) are described. Sampling problems are characterized in terms of two key parameters: coverage (selectivity), and expected stabbing number (overlap). We discuss two fundamental approaches to sampling with spatial predicates, depending on whether we sample first or evaluate the predicate first. The approaches are described in the context of both quadtrees and R-trees, detailing the sample first, acceptance/rejection tree, and partial area tree algorithms. A sequential algorithm, the one-pass spatial reservoir algorithm is also described. The relative performance of the various sampling algorithms is compared and choice of preferred algorithms is suggested. We conclude with a short discussion of possible extensions.     

城市交通系统景观生态设计初探

分析了城市景观的主要特征和城市(城镇)交通景观的结构和功能。强调了城市景观的保护和规划管理。初步分析了城市交通廊道系统的景观生态功能。探讨了城市交通景观生态的设计原则。以江南水乡为例,分析讨论了几种城市交通景观生态设计模式。     

Socio‐economic stratification of English in globalized landscapes: A market‐oriented perspective

Globalization has dramatically altered the urban societies of Amsterdam and Brussels over recent decades, with intensified socio‐economic inequality, unprecedented levels of multilingualism and the increasing importance of English. In this paper, I examine the use of English in the linguistic landscape of socio‐economically stratified commercial shopping streets in these two second‐tier global cities. I adopt a market‐oriented, contextualized approach to quantitative and qualitative variability in how English emerges in these particular commercial ‘linguistic markets’. McDonaldization in midscale shopping streets occurs alongside downscale and upscale uses of English which are more susceptible to local commercial dynamics, in particular in Brussels. As such, global English in these single city contexts emerges as a heterogeneous and scaled phenomenon shaped by specific local commercial and linguistic market conditions.     

园林专业实验课程的项目式模块化构建及教学实践

在对国内外课程模式进行研究的基础上,按照项目式模块化课程构建的基本思路,对园林专业课程中实验内容进行了调整和重新构建,并对部分课程内容进行了教学实践。教学实践充分证明:该课程教学激发了学生主动学习的积极性,满足了相似专业不同培养目标及培养方向的学生对实验课程的不同需要,对学生的考查评价更为科学合理;同时在课程构建的过程也推动了学校的教学改革和实验室建设。     

园林景观规划设计与地域文化

地域文化的缺失导致园林景观规划设计及其实施效果呈现雷同的趋势,通过提出规划设计中地域文化的范畴和意义,强调了体现地域文化在规划设计中的重要性。借助三个实际的规划设计案例从宏观角度提出规划概念应与地域自然特点、人文特点等要素有机结合,从而从微观角度提出设计可采用保留、抽取、融合、再现等手法来体现地域文化。此外,在规划设计中运用地域文化应该注意契合性、创新性、烂漫性及可实施性等的几个方面的问题。     

Commercial discourses,gentrification and citizens’ protest: The linguistic landscape of Prenzlauer Berg,Berlin1

Since reunification in 1990, Prenzlauer Berg, located in the former East Berlin, has turned from a cheap and neglected area into a popular middle‐class neighbourhood. The area's new character is reflected in its linguistic landscape. These days the signs of posh shops and trendy bars adorn its streets. But alternative views are noticeable too. Graffiti is present even on the most expensively refurbished buildings and residents put up slogans to protest against their flats being refurbished and sold to new owners. This case study of the changing graphic environment of Prenzlauer Berg shows that, despite the strong influence of commercial discourses, the public space remains an area of contestation between civil society, private businesses and the state. The particular approach to linguistic landscape I developed combines textual and visual analysis with interviews with sign producers. This has enabled me to show how the linguistic landscape both reflects as well as shapes social change and urban development in Berlin since reunification. Seit der Wende ist der Prenzlauer Berg, zu DDR Zeiten vernachlässigt und heruntergekommen, zu einem der beliebtesten Stadtteile des neuen Berlins geworden. Der neue Charakter des Kiez, sichtbar an seinen renovierten Häusern und steigenden Mietpreisen, lässt sich auch anhand seiner sprachlichen Landschaft (linguistic landscape) erkennen. Heutzutage bestimmen die aufwendig gestalteten Schilder teurer Geschäfter und schicker Bars Prenzlauer Bergs Strassenbild. Es gibt aber auch andere Stimmen. Bewohner von Häusern, die an Investoren verkauft wurden und denen nun gesteigerte Mieten drohen, protestieren mit Plakaten gegen die Politik der Ankäufer. Fast keine der neu gestrichenen Fassaden ist frei von Graffiti und überall findet man Poster, die zu Demonstrationen und Unterschriftenaktionen aufforden. Ausgehend von Fotografien und Interviews mit den Autoren von Schildern, Plakaten und Transparenten zeigt der vorliegende Artikel, dass der öffentliche Raum – die Strasse – trotz der Dominanz kommerziellen Diskurse, ein Bereich bleibt, in dem Staat, private Inverstoren und bürgerliche Gesellschaft aufeinander treffen und ihre – oftmals im Konflikt zueinander stehenden – Meinungen zum Ausdruck bringen. [German]     

ＧＩＳ技术支持下的北宋初期丝路要道灵州道复原研究

在９世纪后半叶乃至整个１０世纪的丝绸之路东、中段交通网络系统中，灵州道占有一席之地。宋初，大食、回鹘、于阗以及归义军等民族政权多通过灵州道与北宋王朝进行经贸、文化往来。本文主要针对这一时段内灵州道的畅通情况及其道路性质进行探讨，在原有文献考证的基础上，利用考古资料、ＧＩＳ技术，尽可能实现对灵州道古地名数据的精确地理定位，最后使用ＡＲＣＧＩＳ技术，绘制灵州道的道路走向地图，为北宋灵州道区域的政治、经济、文化交流综合研究提供地理学依据。