英美模式对我国国有控股公司治理结构的启示

资本主义公司进入第二阶段以后 ,出现了“经营者支配” ,我国国有控股公司中同样面临此类情况。如何完善我国国有控股公司的治理结构 ,市场主导型的英美模式为我们提供了诸多启示 ,如完善资本市场、改革银行体制、选拔经理人才以及建立独立董事制度等     

Still-births among the offspring of male radiation workers at the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant: detailed results and statistical aspects

Summary. This study investigates whether there was evidence of increasing risk of still-birth with increasing paternal exposure to ionizing radiation received during employment at the Sellafield nuclear installation before the child was conceived. A significant positive association is found between the total paternal preconceptional exposure to external ionizing radiation and the risk of still-birth (after adjustment for year of birth, social class, birth order and paternal age, odds ratio at 100 mSv 1.24 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.45)). A summary of the principal scientific findings of this study has been published in the Lancet . This paper describes in detail the statistical methods that were used in the investigation and presents the results in full.     

构建立足“3R”的矿难治理预防管理体系

对劳动力载体的保护是劳动和社会保障的指向之一。面对矿难对劳动者生存权的侵蚀,加强矿难治理的准备工作,就成了生命对社会的合理诉求。这其中对劳动者生存权的尊重,也是构建和谐社会的应有之义。     

公司治理结构的理论基础：完全契约和不完全契约的比较分析

现代契约理论是近20年来发展起来的主流经济学最前沿的研究领域,而公司治理结构问题近年来也已成为企业理论研究的主要对象,围绕公司治理结构的理论诠释,不同的契约理论分支有着不同的观点,本文对于完全契约和不完全契约的理论框架在关于公司治理结构这一问题上的差别和融合进行比较分析,同时也对不同契约理论有关公司治理结构的研究进行了梳理并给子了简要的评述。     

运动元记忆训练对元记忆水平和动作记忆的影响

通过2个月的运动元记忆训练,检验其对非体育专业学生元记忆水平和动作记忆成绩的影响.结果显示运动元记忆训练能显著提高大学生运动记忆策略和记忆监控水平;结果还表明训练能明显提高大学生的艺术体操和健美操动作记忆成绩(表现在动作数量上),而且艺术体操动作记忆的训练效应大于健美操.     

论上市公司国有股减持对我国公司法的挑战

围绕上市公司国有股减持人们提出了许多方案。这些方案的实施对我国公司法上的小股东利益保护、公司治理及发起人股份转让限制制度提出了严峻挑战。我国公司法必须从建立系统的小股东利益保护法律制度、包括约束内部人控制和公司机关更迭衔接制度在内的公司治理制度和放宽发起人股份转让限制条件三个方面予以完善,才能应对挑战和保障国有股减持的顺利进行。     

Type I error rates from likelihood‐based repeated measures analyses of incomplete longitudinal data

The last observation carried forward (LOCF) approach is commonly utilized to handle missing values in the primary analysis of clinical trials. However, recent evidence suggests that likelihood‐based analyses developed under the missing at random (MAR) framework are sensible alternatives. The objective of this study was to assess the Type I error rates from a likelihood‐based MAR approach – mixed‐model repeated measures (MMRM) – compared with LOCF when estimating treatment contrasts for mean change from baseline to endpoint (Δ). Data emulating neuropsychiatric clinical trials were simulated in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement of scenarios, using four patterns of mean changes over time and four strategies for deleting data to generate subject dropout via an MAR mechanism. In data with no dropout, estimates of Δ and SE_Δ from MMRM and LOCF were identical. In data with dropout, the Type I error rates (averaged across all scenarios) for MMRM and LOCF were 5.49% and 16.76%, respectively. In 11 of the 16 scenarios, the Type I error rate from MMRM was at least 1.00% closer to the expected rate of 5.00% than the corresponding rate from LOCF. In no scenario did LOCF yield a Type I error rate that was at least 1.00% closer to the expected rate than the corresponding rate from MMRM. The average estimate of SE_Δ from MMRM was greater in data with dropout than in complete data, whereas the average estimate of SE_Δ from LOCF was smaller in data with dropout than in complete data, suggesting that standard errors from MMRM better reflected the uncertainty in the data. The results from this investigation support those from previous studies, which found that MMRM provided reasonable control of Type I error even in the presence of MNAR missingness. No universally best approach to analysis of longitudinal data exists. However, likelihood‐based MAR approaches have been shown to perform well in a variety of situations and are a sensible alternative to the LOCF approach. MNAR methods can be used within a sensitivity analysis framework to test the potential presence and impact of MNAR data, thereby assessing robustness of results from an MAR method. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

严复的能力观及其对当代公共管理创新的启示——对史华兹《寻求富强:严复与西方》的一种解读

对美国著名汉学家史华兹的代表作<寻求富强:严复与西方>进行文本解读发现:该著所反映出的严复能力观对当代公共管理的创新发展具有重要的启示意义.严复认为中西方的关键性差别在于能力,而隐含其中的是以能力为导向的主体意识和公共意识方面的差距."-3代公共管理的创新发展有必要吸收严复能力观中的思想精髓,以国家能力建构为着力点,以公民启蒙为社会基石,以突显公正为其内在灵魂.对正处于社会转型期的国家而言,努力实现国家能力与公民自由问的平衡是达致善治的关键.     

Efficient designs based on orthogonal arrays of type I and type II for experiments using units ordered over time or space

For a wide variety of applications, experiments are based on units ordered over time or space. Models for these experiments generally may include one or more of: correlations, systematic trends, carryover effects and interference effects. Since the standard optimal block designs may not be efficient in these situations, orthogonal arrays of type I and type II, which were introduced in 1961 by C.R. Rao [Combinatorial arrangements analogous to orthogonal arrays, Sankhya A 23 (1961) 283–286], have been recently used to construct optimal and efficient designs for many of these experiments. Results in this area are unified and the salient features are outlined.     

关于人性论的博弈分析

中国的人性论生发出的圣人治国,是对人性的否定,产生的是囚徒困境难题;西方的人性论产生的是法律治国,是对人性的肯定,破解了囚徒困境难题.从博弈论视角看,出现如此分野的原因是,中国古代社会政治家们试图设计一种仅有帕累托最优均衡的制度,但因为没有从现实的人性出发,导致只能依靠人治维护表面的帕累托最优均衡,实际上存在的却是囚徒困境;西方社会的政治家们则以承认人性为前提,设计了一种帕累托次优均衡的制度.