民法典时代民族自治地方自治法规对民族习惯的认可研究

虽然民法典正式确立不违背公序良俗的民族习惯在全国范围内具有规范价值，但已被民族自治地方自治法规认可为规范的民族习惯却因民法典对有关法律的废止成为无源之水，且“公序良俗”的判断依赖民族自治地方对“良俗”的认定，自治法规仍有必要对民族习惯明示态度。肯定认可的首要目的在于通过列举区域尊重的民族习惯，正面规定最低的良俗标准，细化民族习惯的补充适用情形，指引可以援用的民族习惯；还在于明确可以替代民法典规定的民族习惯以及属于民法典法定情形应予尊重的民族习惯，以提升民法典的实施效果。不予认可则是为了向社会宣示民族自治地方改革风俗习惯的决定，引导人们遵守法律法规，反面确定公序良俗的判断标准，并排除替代适用和援用适用。这两种“认可”的最终目的均是为了有效发挥自治法规应有的“区域自治”功能和“中华民族伟大复兴”功能。     

流水线传送件几何要素在线检测技术研究

采用图像分析法对加工流水线上传送的工件实施非接触检测。它包括流水线传送件轮廓图像的获取、采用的数字图像格式、传送件几何要素的判别与分析处理及有关的实验测试结果等。     

Including migrant skills in a knowledge economy: The politics of recognition of foreign qualifications,work experience and industry courses

The lack of skilled labour pushes mature knowledge economies towards importing skills. Previous studies have shown that migrants' economic and social integration in their host societies depend on the recognition of their skills. Yet, the degree to which the certificates of migrants and their practical experience are recognised and additional training is offered, is contested. Interests conflict not only between unions and employers, but also among employers and unions themselves. We argue that social partners' preferences on foreign qualification recognition (FQR), recognition of experience and industry-wide training (in the following: FQR and related measures) are mainly determined by the existence of occupational labour markets. An occupational labour market segments the labour market and subsequently restricts access to these segments. FQR and related measures constitute a regulated avenue into these occupational labour markets, protecting these labour markets from an uncontrolled influx of workers. Empirically, this contribution compares whether and how hospitality and construction industries—two sectors that depend heavily on migrants and difficult to organise due to seasonal activity—recognise and remunerate foreign skills. The construction sector recognises and remunerates foreign skills to a much larger extent than the hospitality industry. Adopting the method of difference and based on expert interviews, the paper shows that the more social partners protect their domestic occupational labour market, the more they also support FQR and related measures. The article discusses the implications for migrants' wages and social inclusion, contributing to the analysis of socio-economic tensions in mature knowledge economies.     

和谐社会：三种机制协调运作的系统社会

我国社会建设的独特环境和条件决定了我们必须完善社会机制的建设，即认同机制、流动机制和安全阀机制的建设。认同机制为流动机制和安全阀机制提供价值基础和精神力量，流动机制是最基本的流通和动力机制，它为社会流动和安全机制提供基本的物质和精神财富，安全阀机制是实现社会稳定和促进人的全面发展的保障机制。这三个方面构成了一个有机协调的系统工程。     

The COVID-19 pandemic,mask-wearing,and emotion recognition during late-childhood

Face masks are an effective and important tool to prevent the spread of COVID-19, including among children. However, occluding parts of the face can impact emotion recognition, which is fundamental to effective social interactions. Social distancing, stress, and changes to routines because of the pandemic have also altered the social landscape of children, with implications for social development. To better understand how social input and context impact emotion recognition, the current study investigated emotion recognition in children (7–12 years old, N = 131) using images of both masked and unmasked emotional faces. We also assessed a subsample of participants (“pre-pandemic subsample,” n = 35) who had completed the same emotion recognition task with unmasked faces before and during the pandemic. Masking of faces was related to worse emotion recognition, with more pronounced effects for happy, sad, and fearful faces than angry and neutral faces. Masking was more strongly related to emotion recognition among children whose families reported greater social disruption in response to the pandemic. Finally, in the pre-pandemic subsample, emotion recognition of sad faces was lower during versus before the pandemic relative to other emotions. Together, findings show that occluding face parts and the broader social context (i.e., global pandemic) both impact emotion-relevant judgments in school-aged children.     

霍耐特承认理论的时代价值解析

文章分析了全球化时代人类交往所面临的风险与困境，这些问题的凸显为承认理论的出场奠定了现实基础。而霍耐特承认理论在批判地继承前人优秀思想成果的基础上，开辟了一条解答时代难题的新思路。这一思想既是时代发展的产物，又是对这种时代难题的未来性解答。     

认可与激励：学生评教结果应用的价值依归

学生评教作为保障大学教学质量的一种管理实践在国内高校广泛推行，但对如何应用评教结果及应用后产生何种作用则众说纷纭。在分析国内高校学生评教结果应用现状的基础上，结合笔者所在高校学生评教结果应用实践，认为以“认可与激励”为价值依归的使用原则将是学生评教结果合理使用、赋予学生评教生命力的一种必然路径。