“熟人社会”中的农村阶层关系

将熟人社会作为农村阶层研究的微观场域,具体地分析阶层之间的互动和作用机制,把握阶层之间的关系状态和性质。在信息对称的熟人社会中,村民在不断地交往中形成阶层认知和阶层定位,而熟人社会中的公共性以及内向价值所产生的强制性使得阶层之间形成长期而稳定的互动,因此,阶层关系的机制性研究在熟人社会中得以实现,农村阶层研究的关系论范式在这一熟人社会中同样得以实现。     

《水浒传》杰克逊译本研究——从布迪厄的“信念”（doxa）谈起

信念”（doxa）是布迪厄社会学理论工具之一,源自行动者对客观世界的误识（misrecognition）,是正统与异端的切分。将布迪厄的“信念”引入翻译研究,可与场域、资本、惯习共同探究译本背后的社会因素;并以此为基础,研究《水浒传》杰克逊译本1963版和2010版背后的社会文化因素。研究发现,翻译场域中的信念,在资本上表现为译者进入目标场域实践的资格,在惯习上表现为译者种族中心主义或尊重多元文化的翻译倾向,在场域上表现为译者对行动者间利害关系的识别;杰克逊受其信念影响,表现出种族中心主义的翻译倾向,打造出通顺晓畅的1963版译本;2010版译本由爱德文·劳作为编辑,更新人名、称谓与度量衡的翻译,并借用沙博里译本的译名作为副标题;最终译本的背后是多个行动者所持信念的斗争与妥协。     

场域、惯习与文化资本——农村妇女城市社区参与边缘化的原因与对策

自20世纪90年代中期我国践行政府推动型社区建设以来,城市居民参与社区建设正呈现出良好的发展态势。但随着社会的发展变化,城市社区中出现了新的成员——农村妇女,其社区参与边缘化问题越来越突出。文章借助布迪厄实践社会学“场域、惯习和文化资本”的关系主义方法论,透视城市社区中农村妇女社区参与边缘化的动因,在此基础上提出了农村妇女城市社区参与边缘化消融的路径选择。      

布迪厄实践理论述评

布迪厄的实践理论旨在整合社会学的主观主义和客观主义,消解结构与能动性之间的矛盾。由于实践的特征,作为客观结构的场域和作为主观结构的惯习不能完全决定行动,行动者可以有一定的灵活性。不过,能动性的来源不在于理性主体的存在,而在于实践活动本身。布迪厄对结构的再生产的机制进行了分析和批判,但忽略了结构的有益功能。     

试述鲁迅生存心态对其翻译选材的影响

鲁迅是伟大的文学家、思想家,同时也是卓越的翻译家,他的翻译活动在中国翻译史上具有开创性意义,更值得一提的是他的翻译选材在当时的翻译界也很具独特性.文章从法国社会学家皮埃尔·布迪厄提出的"生存心态"概念入手,从三个方面探讨鲁迅生存心态对其翻译选材的影响.     

Girls’ friendships as habitus in an elite,middle-class secondary school in Ireland

This study examines gendered and classed friendships in a predominantly middle-class, girls' secondary school in the southern region of the Republic of Ireland. Bourdieu's (1977) concept of habitus, interactively, with Gidden's (1984) concept of practical consciousness, and Gambetta's (1987) intentional rational choice informed the conceptual framework for the study. Narrative sources yielded data about girls' friendships and peer interactions inside and outside of school. The social class and habitus of each of the girls mediated their friendship formation and friendship choice. Data sources highlight that the middle-class girls' friendships were situated in fluid and multiple cliques; given their hegemonic positionality within the school. Contrastingly, working-class girls' friendships were situated in a contained and single clique, often evidenced by their resistance to the institutional habitus. The ways in which these peer friendships operated as powerful shapers of the girls' actions and identities is discussed. This paper provides examples of the nuanced ways that girls' friendships are developed and maintained based on conformity or resistance to the school norms and expectations of academic success. Importantly, findings evidence the differentiated and instrumental use of friendships among the middle-class and working-class girls in a competitive, elite school setting.     

《最蓝的眼睛》中佩科拉的生存心态及其形成

《最蓝的眼睛》主人公佩科拉的生存心态揭示了制度化与合法化的主流文化如何最大地影响和支配了黑人的自我定义与身份认同。白人的审美观和价值观通过大众媒体、各种各样的宣传工具、日常生活用品以及学校的教育渗透到黑人生活的方方面面,影响着黑人的生活和心灵。佩科拉的悲剧是美国黑人的悲剧,黑人必须重建文化身份,追求自身价值,树立自己的审美标准,否则将仍然处于被精神奴役和压迫的循环中。     

Negotiating employability: migrant capitals and networking strategies for Zimbabwean highly skilled migrants in the UK

In this paper we focus on highly skilled migration from Zimbabwe to the UK, exploring these migrants’ social capital sources/structures and content. In doing so we pay attention to routes of migration and how they shape migrants’ networking capabilities and patterns. We further take a Bourdieusian perspective and explore the intersection between social capital and cultural capital in the process of migrants’ negotiation of employment opportunities, giving closer attention to how the distinctive habitus associated with being highly skilled migrants from Zimbabwe shape migrants’ attitudes towards work. By exploring the interplay between external processes and internalised structures, we bring to the fore the multiple positioning of our participants, who we see not as simply depending on social networks, but as complex actors whose negotiation of employability in the UK is shaped by various factors including intersecting aspects of differentiation.     

Ultimate concerns in late modernity: Archer,Bourdieu and reflexivity

Through a critique of Margaret Archer's theory of reflexivity, this paper explores the theoretical contribution of a Bourdieusian sociology of the subject for understanding social change. Archer's theory of reflexivity holds that conscious ‘internal conversations’ are the motor of society, central both to human subjectivity and to the ‘reflexive imperative’ of late modernity. This is established through critiques of Bourdieu, who is held to erase creativity and meaningful personal investments from subjectivity, and late modernity is depicted as a time when a ‘situational logic of opportunity’ renders embodied dispositions and the reproduction of symbolic advantages obsolete. Maintaining Archer's focus on ‘ultimate concerns’ in a context of social change, this paper argues that her theory of reflexivity is established through a narrow misreading and rejection of Bourdieu's work, which ultimately creates problems for her own approach. Archer's rejection of any pre‐reflexive dimensions to subjectivity and social action leaves her unable to sociologically explain the genesis of ‘ultimate concerns’, and creates an empirically dubious narrative of the consequences of social change. Through a focus on Archer's concept of ‘fractured reflexivity’, the paper explores the theoretical necessity of habitus and illusio for understanding the social changes that Archer is grappling with. In late modernity, reflexivity is valorized just as the conditions for its successful operation are increasingly foreclosed, creating ‘fractured reflexivity’ emblematic of the complex contemporary interaction between habitus, illusio, and accelerating social change.