《化书》的思想及归旨略析

《化书》是出现于唐末五代的道书,延续了中唐以来三教合一的传统。其宇宙论,接续了先秦道家以来的元气论系统;在修道论方面,坚持“与道合一”理想同时呈现出重视精神解脱的特点;在丹道方面,明显重视内丹,对丹鼎派和符箓派都产生重大影响;在社会政治方面,延续了老庄的批判精神,着重从经济和社会生产层面分析社会治乱的根源。《化书》的宗旨,仍是道家传统的理身治国,对儒道思想的吸收又使其具有了更高的理论层次和明显的时代特点。     

鲁迅作品中的“教育诗”

力破旧教育弊端,以图新的现代教育建立的著述目的,不仅体现在鲁迅的译著中,还体现在他创作的诸多涉及到塾师、教师形象和教育的作品中。这些作品在对传统教育方式弊端的批判中,深蕴对新的现代教育方式、方法的呼吁;在对为师者品德和学术水平低下的针砭中,融入对身正学高教育家型的教师的期盼;在对旧教育观念和科举制度的批判中,饱含对现代教育观、现代教育制度的推崇。鲁迅以文学的形式,表达了他对中国教育的过去和未来的思考,对教育之魂、教师人格及其学术追求,作出诗意的展现,他是内心充满现代教育理想之光的批判者。这些作品可谓是鲁迅作品中的"教育诗",对当代教育和文学创作都有很好的启发、借鉴作用。     

Understanding the Influence of Loneliness on HIV Risk Behavior in Young Men Who Have Sex with Men

In this study we used grounded theory methodology to understand the influence of loneliness in YMSM in terms of HIV risk behavior. Twenty-two YMSM, 18–29 years of age, of HIV-negative/unknown status were interviewed. Results indicated that loneliness is defined in two ways: emotional and social. A cyclical pattern emerged that included negative symptoms, “self-treatment” of loneliness through drug use and sex, temporary relief, remorse related to engaging in HIV risk behaviors, negative self-image, and ultimately the reemergence of initial loneliness symptoms. Results suggest that loneliness in YMSM plays a greater role in HIV-related behavior than previously understood. A preliminary explanatory model, implications, and directions for future research are discussed.     

“Sometimes You Just Have to Have a Lot of Bitter to Make It Sweet”: Substance Abuse and Partner Abuse in the Lives of HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men

Although links between partner abuse (PA) and substance abuse (SA) are well-documented in the literature, we know less about these relations among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM). We conducted a qualitative study with this group (N = 28). Participants reported (1) social modeling of SA in childhood and in adult social networks, (2) initial use of substance to cope with child abuse and neglect, and (3) the reinforcement of problematic SA by experiences of PA, whereby SA led to PA, resulting in increased SA. Recommendations for clinicians working with HIV-positive MSM are discussed.     

The Healthy Young Men's Study: Sampling Methods to Recruit a Random Cohort of Young Men Who Have Sex With Men

Recruiting a scientifically sound cohort of young men who have sex with men (YMSM) is an enduring research challenge. The few cohort studies that have been conducted to date on YMSM have relied on nonprobability sampling methods to construct their cohorts. While these studies have provided valuable information about HIV risk behaviors among YMSM, their generalizability to broader YMSM populations is limited. In this article, the authors describe a venue-based sampling methodology used to recruit a large and diverse cohort of YMSM from public venues in Los Angeles County, California. Venue-based sampling is a multistage probability sampling design that uses standard outreach techniques and standard survey methods to systematically enumerate, sample, and survey hard-to-reach populations. The study design allowed the authors to estimate individual, familial, and interpersonal psychosocial factors associated with HIV risk and health-seeking behaviors for a cohort of YMSM with known properties. Study participants completed an extensive baseline survey and over a 2-year period completed four follow-up surveys at 6-month intervals. The baseline survey was administered in both English and Spanish.     

新形势下加强高校社会主义理想信念教育的若干思考

高校作为我国思想文化建设和人才培养的重要基地,是宣传科学理论和传播先进文化的重要阵地,也是意识形态工作的敏感中心和前沿阵地。在改革创新的大背景下,如何加强中国特色社会主义意识形态在高校学生中的思想引领和价值导向功能,成为当今高校教育面临的一大课题。阐述了高校社会主义理想信念教育在人才培养方面占据的重要战略地位,分析了新形势下高校社会主义理想信念教育面临的冲击和问题,在此基础上,提出加强高校社会主义理想信念教育的基本路径。     

新时期加强大学生理想信念教育研究

理想信念教育是大学生思想政治教育的核心。新时期大学生理想信念教育面临着诸多挑战和亟待解决的问题,应进一步深化对理想信念教育的认识,努力探索理想信念教育的方法和途径。     

试论提高党员干部理想信念教育的科学化水平

理想信念的坚定正确是党员干部的政治灵魂。加强党员干部理想信念教育,是党的建设的重要内容。当前部分党员干部理想信念出问题,其背后隐藏着深刻而复杂的原因。要通过抓好思想理论建设、党性教育和道德建设,改进教育方法,提高党员干部理想信念教育的科学化水平。     

教师职业理想及其教育

教师职业理想是教师依据社会对教师职业的要求和教师个人的实际条件确立的对通过努力能够实现的目标的向往和追求。教师职业理想结构因素主要包括职业动机、职业知向、职业态度、职业意志和职业信念。教师职业理想教育要切实营造尊师重教的浓厚社会氛围,吸引更多优秀人才从事教育事业;增强教师教育实效,精心培养教育人才;加强教师自我教育,努力成为专家教师。     

孙中山与民族复兴梦

中国梦,是民族复兴梦,也是大同梦。国家富强,人民幸福,实现民族伟大复兴,这是近代中国人的最大梦想,而孙中山是这一梦想的首位追梦人。他最先发出“振兴中华”的时代强音,开启民族复兴梦;创立三民主义,寻觅实现民族复兴的中国模式;领导革命,建立共和国,跨出了民族复兴的关键一步;锁定民族复兴梦的高远目标,抓住筑梦的关键。孙中山追梦的历史启示,值得借鉴。