变数额标准为人员标准——农村低保标准确定的范式转换

中国扶贫和发展的情况表明，要解决农村全部贫困人员的温饱问题必须建立农村低保制度。受扶贫和城市低保对像确认的影响，我国实行农村低保试点的地区多采取数额标准作为确定农村低保对象的主要确认方法。鉴于数额标准在确定农村低保对象中的种种缺陷和弊端，文章在分析农村低保意义的基础上论证了变数额标准为人员标准在农村低保对象确认中的意义、作用、应注意的问题和确认的方法。     

浅议民事责任竞合

违约责任与侵权责任竞合是由于某种违反民事义务的行为既符合违约责任构成要件又符合侵权责任构成要件 ,从而在法律上导致多种民事责任并存和冲突所产生的现象。因此 ,采取责任聚合与自由选择诉因的措施来解决责任竟合 ,以期充分保护受害方权利 ,消灭责任重叠可能导致的不公平 ,合并不重叠部分的责任。     

对我国普通高校学生心理健康问题的调研

运用反映人类心理健康状况的CES-D、SAS和SCL-90自评量表的测试结果表明,我国普通高校学生的心理健康状况不容乐观,20.4%的大学生有轻度心理障碍,8.6%的学生有中度心理障碍,3.2%的学生患有心理疾病,这应当引起学校教育的高度重视和全社会的广泛关注。     

论农村宅基地使用权的流转

我国农村宅基地使用权法律制度存在一定缺陷，其立法基础和标准不统一，导致现行相关法律规定相互矛盾。我国应确立完善的农村宅基地使用权登记制度，逐步建立农村宅基地有期限、有偿使用制度，在备件成熟时以立法形式规范农村宅基地使用权的流转。     

大学贫困生个性及心理健康状况关系研究

针对大学贫困生进行16PF和MMPI调查,评价贫困生心理健康状况及其影响因素。     

关于公民宪法诉权的几点思考

公民的基本权利需要法律的保护。论述了公民享有宪法诉权的理论依据,公民享有宪法诉权的实践意义,并通过对我国公民宪法诉权的适用范围和当前行使宪法诉权的障碍分析,提出了保障公民行使宪法诉权进而实现基本权利维护的几点建议。     

澳大利亚社区卫生服务模式对中国的借鉴意义

澳大利亚是一个经济发达的、多元文化为主导的社会福利型国家，社区卫生服务建设比较完善。虽然在社会制度及卫生保健制度上与中国有很大差异，但对于发展中国的社区卫生服务仍有值得借鉴的经验。     

农村宅基地使用权流转之法律研究

土地权利和利益的合理配置是实现社会公正的一个重要方面。农村宅基地使用权流转在我国目前法律框架下是不受肯定的，但是事实上存在的地下流转市场呈失控状态。出于土地资源的充分利用和农民合法利益的保护，流转是十分必要的。因此，立法宜“改堵为疏”。应通过实践、配套政策、立法来完善这项制度，使之更符合我国市场经济的需要，以维护农民的利益。     

A Risk-Based Method for Modeling Traffic Fatalities

We describe a risk-based analytical framework for estimating traffic fatalities that combines the probability of a crash and the probability of fatality in the event of a crash. As an illustrative application, we use the methodology to explore the role of vehicle mix and vehicle prevalence on long-run fatality trends for a range of transportation growth scenarios that may be relevant to developing societies. We assume crash rates between different road users are proportional to their roadway use and estimate case fatality ratios (CFRs) for the different vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-pedestrian combinations. We find that in the absence of road safety interventions, the historical trend of initially rising and then falling fatalities observed in industrialized nations occurred only if motorization was through car ownership. In all other cases studied (scenarios dominated by scooter use, bus use, and mixed use), traffic fatalities rose monotonically. Fatalities per vehicle had a falling trend similar to that observed in historical data from industrialized nations. Regional adaptations of the model validated with local data can be used to evaluate the impacts of transportation planning and safety interventions, such as helmets, seat belts, and enforcement of traffic laws, on traffic fatalities.     

Dementia Problem Behavior and the Production of Informal Caregiving Services

Informal caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease spend a considerable amount of time providing care. In this paper, we use Grossman's health production and Becker's time allocation models to develop a model of informal care provision to elderly dementia patients. In our model, time inputs produce caregiving services, which provides utility to the caregiver, but reduces leisure. We assume that time is less productive of services on the margin as the disease progresses. In this framework, an increase in patients' disease severity does not necessarily increase informal caregiver time input. The cost of formal care establishes a reservation price for informal caregiving. When the costs of informal caregiving rise above this reservation level, the patient is institutionalized. We test empirically the effect of deterioration in the patients' condition, proxied by both disease severity and dementia problem behavior, on informal caregiving time. We find that dementia-related problem behaviors and functional limitations significantly increase inputs of informal caregiving time. Patients' problem behavior exerts a modifying effect on functional limitations, and patients' comorbidities have no effect on informal caregiving time.