Governing Ebola: between global health and medical humanitarianism

Medical humanitarianism and global health are two distinct but co-dependent spheres of global health security. Their actors differ in their units of analysis, understanding of neutrality, and organizational capacities. While health underpins the normative principles of humanitarian action, humanitarian ideas, and notably medical humanitarian organizations, are absent from global health security planning. This article develops the work of Lakoff [‘Two regimes of global health’, Humanity, 1(1), 59–79 (2010)], distinguishing between these two governance spheres and how this had stark consequences in the 2014/15 Ebola outbreak in Liberia and Sierra Leone, framed as a problem of global health but which rapidly became a humanitarian crisis. Such a frame excluded medical humanitarian organizations from the initial global strategy and resulted in the creation of a new organization (UMMEER – United Nations Mission for Ebola Emergency Response) and the involvement of militaries to bridge the health-humanitarian divide. Reconciling the distinct but co-dependent relationship between medical humanitarianism and global health is fundamental to effective delivery of global health security.     

‘They don’t look like children’: child asylum-seekers,the Dubs amendment and the politics of childhood

In October 2016, following a campaign led by Labour Peer Lord Alfred Dubs, the first child asylum-seekers allowed entry to the UK under new legislation (the ‘Dubs amendment’) arrived in England. Their arrival was captured by a heavy media presence, and very quickly doubts were raised by right-wing tabloids and politicians about their age. In this article, I explore the arguments underpinning the Dubs campaign and the media coverage of the children’s arrival as a starting point for interrogating representational practices around children who seek asylum. I illustrate how the campaign was premised on a universal politics of childhood that inadvertently laid down the terms on which these children would be given protection, namely their innocence. The universality of childhood fuels public sympathy for child asylum-seekers, underlies the ‘child first, migrant second’ approach advocated by humanitarian organisations, and it was a key argument in the ‘Dubs amendment’. Yet the campaign highlights how representations of child asylum-seekers rely on codes that operate to identify ‘unchildlike’ children. As I show, in the context of the criminalisation of undocumented migrants‘, childhood is no longer a stable category which guarantees protection, but is subject to scrutiny and suspicion and can, ultimately, be disproved.     

中国废止死刑的条件尚不成熟——基于人道视角分析

从人道并非刑罚的价值要素这一命题,可以得出基于人道废止死刑是有条件的结论。只有当死刑能够激发宽容的情感、社会已经形成稳定的宽容氛围、废止死刑所带来的风险后果能够被社会容认时,死刑才可能因崇尚人道理念而被正当地废止。当前,中国的暴力犯罪率还居高不下,死刑难以激发宽容的情感,社会没有形成稳定的宽容氛围,公众不能接受废止死刑所带来的风险后果,可见,中国基于人道废止死刑的条件尚不成熟。死刑废止运动的倒退与反复现象启示,不成熟地废止死刑必将导致死刑的恢复运动。因此．中国目前不宜废止死刑。     

马克思哲学中的人本思想

追求人的自由全面发展、以实现共产主义为目标的马克思主义哲学,内含着一种深厚的人本思想。它是对抽象人本主义的合理扬弃,其基本内容可以概括为关怀人、为了人、谋求人类的彻底解放,通过人、依靠人实现人的全面发展。今天,我们对马克思人本思想的研究,不但有助于进一步深入理解马克思主义的理论本质,而且对构建以人为本的社会主义有着十分重要的实践意义。尤其重要的是,它能够有力地回应那种简单地将马克思主义理论和社会主义实践同非人道的专制和暴力等同起来的观念。     

论法国大革命题材文学中的人道主义思想

从三部以法国大革命为题材的作品入手 ,比较分析了作家人道思想的共同内涵 ,追溯发生这种“类似再现”现象的原因 ,阐明作家人道思想的合理性和价值所在 ,以期对文学史上这一重大而敏感的问题有一个客观准确的再认识。     

评贝卡里亚的刑法思想——读《论犯罪与刑罚》

《论犯罪与刑罚》是18世纪意大利著名刑法学家切萨雷·贝卡里亚的代表作。笔者认为,对贝卡里亚的刑法理论建构产生巨大影响的莫过于古典自然法学派的自然法和社会契约论思想,正是在此理论基础上,贝卡里亚总结出了一个"普遍公理",其中包含了罪刑法定主义、罪刑均衡思想和刑罚人道化思想。因此,本丈主要针对贝卡里亚的以上刑法思想做出评价,以期能更深入理解这本经典名著之精神内涵。     

胡克的宗教观评析

胡克是当代实用主义的重要代表人物,其宗教观集中体现在他对马利坦"完整的人道主义"的分析和批判中。从其"科学方法"出发,胡克认为,这种人道主义既不符合科学理性,又是极权主义的变种。然而,胡克的方法并不是真正的科学方法,这就决定了他无法有真正科学的宗教观。     

让世界充满爱:流行歌曲中的人道主义--中国流行歌曲主题研究之三

"人道主义"是中国当代流行歌曲的一个重要主题.它的出现,主要是由于当代中国社会巨大转型的负面效应使人们产生迷惘感和隔膜感,而为了弥补现实的缺憾,给人予精神关怀,"人道主义"歌曲便应运而生.其基本内容就是表达对"人"的关爱、祝福及对爱的呼唤.其意义不仅在于表现一种现代性反思,引起"疗救的注意",以及给人温暖和鼓励,而且还扩大了流行歌曲的思想容量.     

人道主义:工业题材创作不容回避的主题

人道主义文学主题在工业题材创作中的表现,经历了从现代文坛到当代文坛的多重变化。这其中有两种走向值得关注：一是社会思潮与文学思潮的变迁,往往影响着人道主义主题的文学诠释;二是随着“文学即人学”的创作深化,随着工业环境变革中人的问题的凸现,人道主义文学主题的开掘,会不断地以日益丰富而独立的表现形态,逐步走向创作的自觉。