Addiction science and the perception of freewill

Do people think individuals with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) have freewill? How does addiction science inform views on the issue? We distinguish between two senses of freewill: 1) libertarian freewill , in which freedom turns on a particular metaphysical conception of action (sometimes operationalized as “could have done otherwise”), and 2) compatibilist freewill , in which freedom depends on the relation between the actor's psychology and her actions (e.g., “was the act what she wanted to do?”). We argue that, in different ways, scientific accounts can impact conceived freewill by linking addictive behavior to mechanisms that observers view as peripheral to the actor ( motivation modularity) . While a variety of impacts on conceived compatibilist freewill are plausible, we argue that contemporary addiction science has no direct bearing on conceived libertarian freewill. Addiction science may, however, indirectly impact conceived libertarian freewill by priming an explanatory framework in which intention is superfluous (especially materialism).     

鹅掌楸研究文献的计量评价

采用文献计量学的方法 ,对 1 979～ 2 0 0 1年间鹅掌楸文献量的变化趋势、分布规律、期刊文献学科类别、作者情况、学科分布进行了统计与分析 ,从侧面反映出鹅掌楸研究现状     

基于业务流程重组的信息系统开发

业务流程重组是从企业整体运作的层次上对管理及流程进行变革 ,来分析和优化原有业务环节 ;信息系统在合理的业务流程基础上实现对企业资源的有效利用与管理 ,从而辅助企业成功实施战略 ,保持竞争优势。本文系统地分析了开发基于企业再造的信息系统的意义与思路 ,详细阐述了信息系统开发各阶段的特点 ,并提出了今后的努力方向     

中国网上聊天室中英语语言特征

中国网上英语聊天室中的英语与英语国家聊天室中的英语相比较 ,在某些方面 ,如缩写的使用、句首字母少用大写、句尾少标点等有一些共同的特征。但由于受本族语的影响 ,中国人网上聊天的语言有其独到之处。中国人用英语聊天的目的主要是为了练习语言 ,使英语语言的交际功能减弱。受语言水平所限 ,中国聊天者的会话语言更接近书面语体 ,聊天的内容狭窄且缺乏连续性。网上聊天 ,作为一种新的语言交际方式 ,为英语学习者们提供了另一种学习途径 ,在练习快速英语思维及表达方面有着积极作用     

如何当好项目经理

项目经理是项目管理的核心 ,项目经理的素质、知识和管理水平 ,是工程建设项目的实施管理的关键 ,责权利的协调一致则是项目经理负责制的根本保证     

谈中药知识产权保护的现状与对策

中国加入WTO之后,中国民族医药产业将面临着机遇和挑战,加强中药知识产权的保护工作意义尤其重大。作者在详尽分析了我国中药知识产权方面的现状之后,进一步提出了我国在中药知识产权保护方面的对策。     

以人民为本是中国共产党的执政之基

中国古代的民本思想明确提出的“民为神主”、“民为邦本”、“民贵君轻”等朴素唯物主义观点,对于我党坚持“三个代表”重要思想,坚持群众观点,坚持立党为公、执政为民,深化中国共产党与人民群众的关系,加强自身建设,丰富和发展马克思主义人民观具有重要的现实意义。     

简论中国共产党科教兴国战路思想产生的依据

中国共产党科教兴国的战略思想,建立在马克思主义科学理论基础之上,扎根于中华民族优秀传统文化的沃土;是当代中国社会实践发展的客观要求。这一战略的制定有其理论、历史和现实的依据。     

Kernel Estimation of Rate Function for Recurrent Event Data

Abstract.  Recurrent event data are largely characterized by the rate function but smoothing techniques for estimating the rate function have never been rigorously developed or studied in statistical literature. This paper considers the moment and least squares methods for estimating the rate function from recurrent event data. With an independent censoring assumption on the recurrent event process, we study statistical properties of the proposed estimators and propose bootstrap procedures for the bandwidth selection and for the approximation of confidence intervals in the estimation of the occurrence rate function. It is identified that the moment method without resmoothing via a smaller bandwidth will produce a curve with nicks occurring at the censoring times, whereas there is no such problem with the least squares method. Furthermore, the asymptotic variance of the least squares estimator is shown to be smaller under regularity conditions. However, in the implementation of the bootstrap procedures, the moment method is computationally more efficient than the least squares method because the former approach uses condensed bootstrap data. The performance of the proposed procedures is studied through Monte Carlo simulations and an epidemiological example on intravenous drug users.     

Moderate Deviations for Bayes Posteriors

Let ( X_k ) k be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables taking values in a set , and consider the problem of estimating the law of X₁ in a Bayesian framework. We prove, under mild conditions on the prior, that the sequence of posterior distributions satisfies a moderate deviation principle.