The Spillover Effects of Restrictive Abortion Laws

Prior research has consistently found that state laws which restrict the access and the availability of abortion services directly reduce abortion demand. This study examines whether these laws also have a spillover effect on abortion demand due to the increase in the price of an abortion that may result from the higher costs imposed on abortion providers as a result of complying with these laws. The empirical results find that the enforcement of a parental notification law and a mandatory counseling law causes an increase in the price charged by abortion providers by over 13% and 9%, respectively. Based on previous estimates of the price elasticity of abortion demand, this implies that the spillover effect of a parental notification law and a mandatory counseling law is to reduce the demand for abortion, through their increase on the price of an abortion, by between 9.4% and 13.6% for a parental notification law and between 6.5% and 9.4% for a mandatory counseling law.

北京市流动妇女生育健康状况及其影响因素

采用定量研究的方法,通过整群抽样、问卷调查的方式对北京市朝阳区的流动妇女进行调查,研究发现：该流动妇女群体的保健意识、保健知识和保健行为有待提高;孕检率低,孕检次数未达到卫生部的要求;避孕措施使用率较低,人工流产率较高;性健康知识不足,妇科疾病主要表现为妇科炎症;求医行为有待转换。分析其原因,年龄和文化程度是影响流动妇女孕检率、孕检次数、流产率、流产次数以及性病、艾滋病知识掌握程度的显著性因素,文化程度对流动妇女的求医行为有显著性影响。应依据不同年龄、不同文化程度妇女的需求,为她们提供适宜的、可接受的生育健康教育。     

浅谈东西方文化视野下的“堕胎观”

文章以东西方学者的人类生命价值和幸福观作为理论依据,以哲学和道德角度为切入点,尝试分析堕胎这种行为的对与错,提出母婴健康的情况下,无合理理由而主动选择堕胎是不道德的行为这一观点。文中分析了几种特殊情况,如胎儿严重畸形、强奸致孕、胎儿的存在威胁母亲身体健康甚至引致生命危险,此时被迫选择堕胎应给予接受并视为合理的行为。文章通过对特殊情况的描述与分析希望引起人们对受孕母亲更多的关注,深刻体察她们的实际情况而非一味地追求绝对的生命存在,阐释在堕胎问题上应何去何从。     

The Polish Parliament and the Making of Politics through Abortion: Nation,Gender and Democracy in the 1996 Liberalization Amendment Debate

The collapse of communism across East Central Europe was marked by a renewal of debates around reproduction, with abortion debates surfacing in Romania, Germany and Poland. Reproductive politics and more specifically abortion debates typically come to the forefront in times of crisis or societal transformation. Struggles over women's reproductive rights in Poland, as evidenced by continuing debate around the legal status of abortion, are in this postcommunist context intimately related to and bound up with ongoing symbolic and concrete re-definitions of Polish nationhood, identity and citizenship. Focusing on the connections between discourses of Polish nationhood, gender and democracy, this article offers a detailed and critical engagement with debate in the Sejm (the lower chamber of the Polish parliament) during the second reading of the 1996 liberalization of abortion amendment. Using a discourse analysis methodology, the article argues that abortion is a symbolic issue through which anxieties about postcommunist reform are raised, nationalist pasts and futures are imagined and through which political projects are articulated.     

A generalization for two-sided power distributions and adjusted method of moments

A new rich class of generalized two-sided power (TSP) distributions, where their density functions are expressed in terms of the Gauss hypergeometric functions, is introduced and studied. In this class, the symmetric distributions are supported by finite intervals and have normal shape densities. Our study on TSP distributions also leads us to a new class of discrete distributions on {0, 1, …, k}. In addition, a new numerical method for parameter estimation using moments is given.     

我国妇女组织的制度变迁模式分析

新制度经济学理论认为,制度变迁可以分为诱致性制度变迁和强制性制度变迁.改革开放之前,我国妇女组织的制度变迁主要是政府主导的自上而下的强制性制度变迁,强制性制度变迁在当时背景下有其合理因素,但是也受到统治者的偏好、有限理性和一致同意原则的影响.改革开放之后随着制度环境的改变,在制度选择集合和制度服务需求两个方面导致了制度非均衡状态的出现,引起了诱致性制度变迁的发生.因此,在新的制度环境下,探寻适合我国妇女组织发展的制度变迁模式具有重要的现实意义.     

“穷人教育”制度供给模式：内生外致的对比和整合

借用新制度经济学的制度供给和制度变迁理论,以我国的高等教育收费制度和学生资助制度为主要分析对象,对我国的“穷人教育”制度供给模式进行研究。通过研究对比强制性供给与诱致性供给的可行性差异,并提出建构一个由政府权威外部引导与社会成员内部需求推动相结合的制度供给动力机制。     

我国民间组织的兴起与发展——基于制度变迁理论的分析

自上而下的强制性制度变迁和自下而上的诱致性制度变迁是改革开放以来我国民间组织生成的两种主要途径。文章基于制度变迁理论,对我国民间组织的发展进行了制度经济学的阐释,并分析了当前民间组织制度变迁存在的问题,提出优化我国民间组织制度变迁的若干思路。     

LD侧泵浦固体激光器的热效应分析和模拟研究

针对大功率二极管阵列侧泵浦固体激光器产生的热效应进行了分析;同时根据所建立的理论模型,利用计算机模拟了不同泵浦强度、不同泵浦结构和不同边界冷却条件下,固体工作物质内热透镜焦距的变化和热致退偏强度的分布,并在此基础上提出了补偿热效应的具体措施     

由Hallen互易关系给出的天线阻抗公式

由Ｈａｌｌｅｎ互易关系式获得了与现有形式不同的振子输入阻抗公式，且在总电流是由正弦电流及其余项所构成的假设下，证明了新的公式是和已有的电磁理论所给出的结果完全一致的。