Fetal citizenship in the borderlands: Arizona's house bill 2443 and state logics of racism and orientalism

In 2011, Arizona passed the ‘Susan B. Anthony and Frederick Douglass Prenatal Nondiscrimination Act of 2011’, which makes it a felony for doctors to knowingly perform an abortion for race or sex selective reasons. To convince the House and Senate to pass House Bill 2443, advocates constructed African American, Asian American and Asian immigrant women's reproduction as troublesome: these women were either victims of a racist, eugenicist family planning organization that sought to limit fertility or they were victims of a sexist heteropatriarchal family structure that prefers male sons. Or, in another rendering, Asian women were cast as ‘backward’ migrants who have not assimilated to American gender equality. My essay argues that House Bill 2443 appears to be about reproduction, but must be understood with a lens that is attentive to racism, colonialism, and anti-immigrant sentiments in Arizona's past and contemporary moment. In other words, state measures that criminalize abortion need to be read against the on-going cultural genocide of Indigenous peoples and recent laws that criminalize Latin@ migrants. In the borderlands, reproduction is intimately tied to citizenship and state repression.     

彼得·辛格实践伦理学若干论题及其争议

著名哲学家彼得.辛格的实践伦理学涉及动物平等权与动物解放论、试管婴儿、堕胎、安乐死、全球贫困以及政治等极其敏感的伦理问题。其中关于动物平等权与动物解放论、堕胎和安乐死、贫困及其解决方案等前沿问题的独特看法和敏感问题的犀利观点,使其成为极具争议的焦点人物,也由此对西方传统的伦理观点构成严重冲击,甚至产生严峻挑战。每一种伦理体系都不可能是完美无缺的,但是辛格的理论和行动对现实世界的巨大影响却是不可否认的。     

A Recipe for Change: Reclamation of Indigenous Food Sovereignty in O-Pipon-Na-Piwin Cree Nation for Decolonization,Resource Sharing,and Cultural Restoration

Abstract

O-Pipon-Na-Piwin Cree Nation (OPCN), an Indigenous community in northern Manitoba, Canada, was flooded and forced to relocate from ancestral lands to a nearby settlement under such circumstances. Regaining strength from their inherent cultural values grounded in their relationship with the land, OPCN eventually formed a community-based food program called Ithinto Mechisowin (IMP) (‘food from the land’). This article uses OPCN's concept of resource (wechihituwin) and decolonization (pasekonekewin) to present a nuanced understanding of Indigenous food systems in Canada. We argue that the ways in which IMP inspires reconnection with land, thereby improving access to culturally appropriate healthy food, are steps forward in strengthening Indigenous food sovereignty.     

感生电场力和洛伦兹力之间的关系

本文通过对感生电动势和动生电动势（瓦洛伦兹力）在不同参照系下的相互变换的讨论与分析，深刻指出感生电场力和洛伦兹力是同一物理实质在不同参照系中的两种表现。     

生育行为的道德分析

判断避孕行为是否道德的标准 ,取决于该行为是否有利于增进社会和国家的利益及人类种族的延续。判断胎儿人工流产的道德标准 ,取决于它是否更有利于已经出生的人们活得更好。优生基因工程是一柄双刃剑 ,其道德意义具有正负两面性。借助于绝育手术实现婚姻行为和生育行为的分离 ,可以解决一些婚姻生育中的道德难题     

运动性骨骼肌损伤机制的研究进展

本文从氧自由基引起脂质过氧化致骨骼肌损伤、胞浆内Ｃａ２＋过量负荷引起主要细胞器膜破损致骨骼肌损伤二方面分析，阐明运动引起的氧自由基增多、胞浆内Ｃａ２＋增高是导致运动性骨骼肌损伤的关键因素，并提出合理地使用抗氧化剂或中草药可能防止运动性骨骼肌损伤。     

试论生育控制的伦理问题

生育控制是人类对自身的生育从自然选择转向人工选择的开端,它不仅仅是一个技术问题。目前生育控制方法主要包括避孕、人工流产、绝育,其中涉及的许多伦理问题历来是生命伦理学关注的焦点。     

烟草抗赤星病的诱导因子谱研究

6种诱导方法测定表明,3种化学物质、非病原细菌的3个菌株、赤星菌6个菌株均可程度不同地诱导烟草对赤星病的系统抗性,抗性诱导效应最高可达71%.化学、细菌因子以叶面喷洒和灌根诱导效果较好,赤星菌株以叶面悬滴和叶面喷洒效果较好.     

Induced Abortion in Russia: Recent Trends and Underreporting in Surveys

The abortion level in Russia has been exceptionally high for several decades, yet during the last ten years it experienced a considerable decline. There is a concern that this favourable change could be largely due to a deterioration of statistical registration in the 1990s. In this paper, we use three reproductive and health surveys for a crosscheck with provider statistics, and analyse patterns and determinants of abortions. Each survey includes questions about the history of abortions. Our data indicate that survey estimates of the crude, total, and age-specific abortion rates emerge to be very close to respective figures from provider statistics for about two years preceding each survey. Survey estimates progressively deviate downwards from provider statistics when moving further back in time due to growing under reporting. This finding suggests that provider statistics on abortion in Russia are a true reflection of the situation they monitor, that the observed declining trend in abortion is a real one, and that analyses of survey data on abortions are justified for up to two years preceding the survey. Logistic regression using the data from the survey carried out in 2000 for the period of 1998-2000 reveals that the odds for an induced abortion are lower in case of a higher educational degree, that the odds increase with the number of children and decrease with the use of more reliable contraceptive methods, and that married women are more likely to have an abortion than never-married ones but less likely when compared to cohabiting women.     

Distributional and Peer‐Induced Fairness in Supply Chain Contract Design

Members of a supply chain often make profit comparisons. A retailer exhibits peer‐induced fairness concerns when his own profit is behind that of a peer retailer interacting with the same supplier. In addition, a retailer exhibits distributional fairness when his supplier's share of total profit is larger than his own. While existing research focuses exclusively on distributional fairness concerns, this study investigates how both types of fairness might interact and influence economic outcomes in a supply chain. We consider a one‐supplier and two‐retailer supply chain setting, and we show that (i) in the presence of distributional fairness alone, the wholesale price offer is lower than the standard wholesale price offer; (ii) in the presence of both types of fairness, the second wholesale price is higher than the first wholesale price; and (iii) in the presence of both types of fairness, the second retailer makes a lower profit and has a lower share of the total supply chain profit than the first retailer. We run controlled experiments with subjects motivated by substantial monetary incentives and show that subject behaviors are consistent with the model predictions. Structural estimation on the data suggests that peer‐induced fairness is more salient than distributional fairness.