基于职业性别隔离的女性就业创业问题研究--以成都市为例

女性就业是女性发展的基本内容，是女性获得经济独立并赢得社会性别平等的重要渠道。城镇居民就业普遍存在职业性别隔离且在水平与垂直方向均有所表现，女性职业（行业）普遍收入偏低，大量女性沉淀在职级较低岗位。文章以第六次人口普查数据为基础，统计了成都市30个服务行业与30个制造行业女性劳动力占所在行业的比例和女性就业结构构成，结合成都市人力资源市场岗位供给与求职需求分析，提出女性就业创业引导方向。     

Beyond the heartlands: deindustrialization,naturalization and the meaning of an ‘industrial’ tradition

Deindustrialization is a complex and multifaceted series of processes and transitions, reflecting the equally complicated web of social relationships and interdependencies that constitute(d) an industrial society. Contemporary scholars have looked beyond just the economic impact of industrial loss, to the cultural, temporal and spatial legacies and impacts wrought by the mass closures of the 1980s, as well as the continuing presence of an industrial identity in struggles over representation and regeneration. However, deindustrialization has a history that precedes the volatility and culmination of that period, and has impacted upon a more geographically diverse range of former industrial locations than are commonly represented. The narratives that surround some sites are complicated by their displacement in time, place and discourse; they lack the political capital of an ‘industrial’ identity through this disassociation. In this article I aim to go beyond what we might consider the industrial ‘heartlands’ of the UK to a place that has felt the impact of deindustrialization, but which falls outside of the usual representations of the UK's industrial past. I explore how the industrial identity and memory of a place can be naturalized and selectively reworked for the needs of the hour, the very meaning of ‘industrial’ altered in the process. I argue that for sites unable to access or utilize the imagery of modern, heavy industry for community or promotional aims, deindustrialization becomes a process of rewriting an historic identity – one that sheds new light on industrial loss in diverse situations, and at an ever‐increasing distance from closure.     

类熟人社会:工业型村庄社会结构新形态

工业化、城市化形塑了人口流动的方向,这使得我国东部乡村与中西部乡村的社会性质产生了巨大分化。在工业化与人口大量流入的背景下,东部地区村庄逐步成为土客杂居的工业型村庄,“类熟人社会”成为工业型村庄社会结构的新形态。学界既有概念“无主体熟人社会”揭示了作为人口流出地的中西部农业型村庄社会结构的新形态,而“类熟人社会”与其相对应,形成对转型期中国乡村社会性质的互补性解释。在东部地区工业型村庄中,通过原生型社会关系与建构型社会关系,人们的“熟悉”感开始建立,但最终却形成了“熟而不亲”的类团体格局。类熟人社会的形成,有赖于人们在流动社会里,通过“区隔化”和“聚类化”的策略,在保障生存安全的前提下,实现生计的维持。过日子的区域差异,也使得各群体之间很难在短时间内实现融合。     

Remaking the labour movement in Italy: the revival of strikes at Fiat-Chrysler Automobiles in 2015–17

ABSTRACT

After the Fiat-Chrysler merger in 2009, CEO Sergio Marchionne imposed a drastic reorganization of labour relations in Italy’s plants, precipitating a profound crisis of the system of industrial relations in the country. But between 2015 and 2017 a significant section of workers at Melfi, Atessa and Termoli plants went on strike against compulsory overtime and labour intensification, establishing links with grassroots unions that successfully organized in logistics. The metalworkers’ union FIOM-CGIL, however, delegitimized the union representatives who resisted Marchionne’s plans. In this article, we trace the context and development of these still little-known strikes. Because of their growing institutionalization, we argue, the confederal unions (CGIL, CISL, UIL) have both failed to mobilize workers and repressed workers’ attempts to resist the deterioration of their conditions. The strikes at FCA and in logistics, however, show that new forms of radical unionism are emerging, pointing to new possibilities for working-class organizing.     

Job quality,industrial relations and the crisis in Europe

This paper reports results from recent Eurofound research on the impact of the crisis on industrial relations and working conditions in Europe, based on the output of Eurofound's European Working Conditions Observatory and European Industrial Relations Observatory and data from the European Working Conditions Survey. Overall, the crisis – even if it is sometimes difficult to separate the effect of the crisis from megatrends in working conditions and industrial relations – seems to have had an impact on both domains. With reference to industrial relations, the impact of the crisis has influenced actors, processes, and outcomes. Regarding working conditions, the results appear to be in line with the literature on the topic, which relates the crisis to an increase in job insecurity, a decrease in work intensity, in working hours, and in anti-social working time arrangements, and a general improvement in terms of health risks and related outcomes.     

长株潭两型社会示范区工业地产发展问题研究

为了提高长株潭两型社会示范区工业地产发展水平,本文以望城经开区为例,采用案例分析、实地调研、定量与定性分析相结合的方法,在充分了解园区工业地产发展情况的基础上,总结园区工业地产发展经验,对未来园区工业地产发展的趋势进行了预测,并提出提高长株潭两型社会示范区工业地产发展水平的相关对策措施。     

转变发展方式必须率先转变调整结构的方式

面对新的发展形势和经济任务，应该明确提出产业结构调整的新思路，即政府创造条件，靠市场来调结构。“十二五”期间，最优先考虑的问题应该是如何改革、如何转变结构调整的方式。倘若“调结构”的方式、特别是实体经济中制造业“调结构”的方式不能率先改革，转变发展方式的诸多目标就有可能落空。“十二五”期间的政策落脚点在于继续加快培育“统一开放、竞争有序”的现代市场体系的进程，切实贯彻中央一再强调的“资源配置要建立在市场调节的基础上”的施政原则，把产业结构的市场化调节落到实处。对于以制造业为基础的结构存量调整的方式，要基本实现从行政化到市场化的转变，强化金融、商贸等服务业的疏导、中介功能，创建有利于推进服务业深度参与存量结构调整和产业升级的体制政策环境。     

低碳经济视角下乡镇工业园区发展的困境与对策

发展低碳经济已成为全球共识,产业的低碳发展更是成为关注的焦点。目前关于产业低碳发展的问题大多集中在循环经济、低碳产业或高能耗行业,实际上不同类型的工业园区在产业的低碳化水平上存在很大的差异性。此文认为乡镇工业园区的低碳发展问题应该值得重点关注,并从制度层面对乡镇工业园区的低碳发展问题进行了探讨,同时提出了一些政策建议。     

加大对外开放:边疆民族地区实施第二次创业的战略选择--对延边朝鲜族自治州振兴老工业基地实施第二次创业的思考

本文从延边朝鲜族自治州所处的独特的地理、人文因素以及延边州的经济发展状况出发,论述延边经济发展尤其是延边州振兴老工业基地、实施第二次创业中加大对外开放,发展外向型经济的必要性和存在的问题及措施.     

边远民族地区工业经济发展与和谐社会建设研究

边远民族地区应本着科学发展观,努力发展本地区的民族特色工业。边远民族地区发展工业经济应遵循以资源市场为导向、延长产业链,发展特色产业等,正确处理好工业经济与社会发展、三次产业之间以及经济发展与环境保护之间的关系。