基于DSP与LabVIEW仿生运动机理模型在线切换、离散化系统

仿生运动机理模型在实际的应用过程中,必须针对特定的应用场合和不同的硬件系统选择不同的控制模型和最优参数,使实际效果达到最佳。文章提出了一种基于DSP与LabVIEW,对仿生运动机理模型进行实时在线离散化的方法。该方法实现了控制模型的在线切换、参数的实时修正、模型的在线离散化、LabVIEW和DSP的实时通信。实验结果表明,该系统实时性好、运行可靠。     

工具实在论学派述评

工具实在论学派认为,科学的技术体现是科学发现和知识产生的手段,仪器是科学技术体现的方式。当代科学不是偶然地,而是在本质上通过仪器被技术化体现的。在工具实在论学派的视野中,科学的技术即仪器成为揭示新事物的基础,人类知觉的放大和增强也只有通过仪器才会发生。正因如此,工具实在论学派具有对现有科学哲学的批判性、仪器和实验核心地位的实践性以及对身体和知觉关注的现象学性三个特点。     

理性的透视：从“中庸”的视角

古希腊先哲对实践理性的探讨、近代欧洲先哲对工具理性与新实践理性的探讨、西哲对理性的探讨,启示现代世界：工具理性存在着毁灭人类的可能性。而以“中道”为标准的实践理性。能在道德层面弥补工具理性的不足,防止工具理性的无度泛滥。     

我国产业结构调整的金融与政策支持

我国近期面对的主要挑战是如何使宏观经济与结构改革、产业进步相互促进 ,迎接新世纪的到来。国内外的经验表明 ,实行金融、政策与产业结构的有机结合 ,是提高科技水平 ,推动产业结构调整和升级的最有效方法之一。产业政策既是金融及其有关政策的实施对象 ,又是调整结构目标实现的重要表现形式 ,但产业政策必须兼容在金融及经济政策之中 ,二者的总体目标是一致的。中国的最大优势是能集中财力办大事 ,如果失去了国家财金政策的支持 ,也就失去了优势。应进行财金制度创新 ,挖掘政策潜力 ,建立财金及经济政策对产业调整和产业升级的激励机制 ,发挥财金政策的“四两拨千斤”效应     

Projection‐Based Statistical Inference in Linear Structural Models with Possibly Weak Instruments

It is well known that standard asymptotic theory is not applicable or is very unreliable in models with identification problems or weak instruments. One possible way out consists of using a variant of the Anderson–Rubin ((1949), AR) procedure. The latter allows one to build exact tests and confidence sets only for the full vector of the coefficients of the endogenous explanatory variables in a structural equation, but not for individual coefficients. This problem may in principle be overcome by using projection methods (Dufour (1997), Dufour and Jasiak (2001)). At first sight, however, this technique requires the application of costly numerical algorithms. In this paper, we give a general necessary and sufficient condition that allows one to check whether an AR‐type confidence set is bounded. Furthermore, we provide an analytic solution to the problem of building projection‐based confidence sets from AR‐type confidence sets. The latter involves the geometric properties of “quadrics” and can be viewed as an extension of usual confidence intervals and ellipsoids. Only least squares techniques are needed to build the confidence intervals.     

创新金融工具的风险与监管浅析

90年代以来 ,全球几乎每场风暴都与创新金融工具有关 ,在我们看到创新金融工具在避险、保值、促进全球金融业加速发展的同时 ,又不得不面对它们给金融业可能带来的巨大风险。本文对创新金融工具风险的形成、风险的类型和如何有效的监管作一定的探讨。     

Improved methods for moment restriction models with data combination and an application to two-sample instrumental variable estimation

Combining-100 information from multiple samples is often needed in biomedical and economic studies, but differences between these samples must be appropriately taken into account in the analysis of the combined data. We study the estimation for moment restriction models with data combined from two samples under an ignorability-type assumption while allowing for different marginal distributions of variables common to both samples. Suppose that an outcome regression (OR) model and a propensity score (PS) model are specified. By leveraging semi-parametric efficiency theory, we derive an augmented inverse probability-weighted (AIPW) estimator that is locally efficient and doubly robust with respect to these models. Furthermore, we develop calibrated regression and likelihood estimators that are not only locally efficient and doubly robust but also intrinsically efficient in achieving smaller variances than the AIPW estimator when the PS model is correctly specified but the OR model may be mispecified. As an important application, we study the two-sample instrumental variable problem and derive the corresponding estimators while allowing for incompatible distributions of variables common to the two samples. Finally, we provide a simulation study and an econometric application on public housing projects to demonstrate the superior performance of our improved estimators. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 48: 259–284; 2020 © 2019 Statistical Society of Canada     

独立定价还是共同定价:新支付工具的定价策略

基于新支付工具发展初期市场特征构建双边市场定价模型，分析共同定价和独立定价策略下企业利润和社会福利最大化新支付工具定价。研究显示：政府较企业对新支付工具制定更低价格水平促使用户支付选择转移，特别是在共同定价策略下会有效提升市场效率，达到社会福利最大；但若政府无法做到共同定价，特别在新支付工具成本优势不明显时，会使支付工具间存在过度补贴而降低社会福利，这时企业利润最大化定价为次优选择。     

润滑油脂中抗氧化添加剂作用机理

本文针对润滑油及润滑脂中主要添加剂──抗氧化添加剂的作用机理，从化学反应角度进行理论探讨，并进行了实例分析．     

虚拟逻辑分析仪的开发

阐述了利用虚拟仪器概念研制的逻辑分析仪原理及其在设计中为提高采样速率,促进仪器小型化、增加电路可靠性、提供友善的用户界面等方面所做的具体工作和采取的具体措施。本文所述的虚拟仪器原理及其设计方法,在本世纪90年代的仪器开发中具有重要意义。