A tolerance interval approach for assessment of agreement in method comparison studies with repeated measurements

This paper generalizes the tolerance interval approach for assessing agreement between two methods of continuous measurement for repeated measurement data—a common scenario in applications. The repeated measurements may be longitudinal or they may be replicates of the same underlying measurement. Our approach is to first model the data using a mixed model and then construct a relevant asymptotic tolerance interval (or band) for the distribution of appropriately defined differences. We present the methodology in the general context of a mixed model that can incorporate covariates, heteroscedasticity and serial correlation in the errors. Simulation for the no-covariate case shows good small-sample performance of the proposed methodology. For the longitudinal data, we also describe an extension for the case when the observed time profiles are modelled nonparametrically through penalized splines. Two real data applications are presented.     

中国农业在加入WTO后面临的主要问题及对策

中国加入WTO后 ,农业将是受到冲击最大的行业之一。中国农业的发展条件、生产力水平与主要发达国家和一部分发展中国家还有一定的差距。因此 ,针对中国农业的现状 ,分析加入WTO后面临的主要问题 ,并提出中国农业发展的基本对策 ,很有必要     

企业的商业秘密保护研究

分析了企业商业秘密流失的原因以及新的发展趋势，针对企业的人力资源管理者提出了几种防止商业秘密流失的措施：与核心员工签订有效的保密协议；与员工签署竞业禁止协议；为即将离岗的员工设置脱密期；对员工进行人文主义保障等。     

洛克“白板说”的革命性和现实必要性分析

洛克的“白板说”方法论提出之后,对十八世纪的法国启蒙运动有深远的影响。“白板说”曾在这一时期被作为唯物主义反映论的重要方法而著称。但是,洛克的“白板说”不仅仅是简单的唯物主义反映论,而是有其更为深刻的意义和价值。洛克阐述的人类理性渗透到了自然、社会和人类自身内的世界,将天赋观念、道德先验等的根基刨去,使之褪去了荣光。“白板说”表达了这样的思想：一切都是后天的,一切都在理性和经验的范围内,因此,一切问题只能也必须在理性的角度来思索其可能性及其得失。     

The disagreeable behaviour of the kappa statistic

It is often of interest to measure the agreement between a number of raters when an outcome is nominal or ordinal. The kappa statistic is used as a measure of agreement. The statistic is highly sensitive to the distribution of the marginal totals and can produce unreliable results. Other statistics such as the proportion of concordance, maximum attainable kappa and prevalence and bias adjusted kappa should be considered to indicate how well the kappa statistic represents agreement in the data. Each kappa should be considered and interpreted based on the context of the data being analysed. Copyright © 2014 JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Agreements About Extra-Dyadic Sex in Gay Men's Relationships: Exploring Differences in Relationship Quality by Agreement Type and Rule-Breaking Behavior

Research comparing the quality of monogamous and non-monogamous (“open”) relationships among gay men has produced mixed findings. In addition, little is known about the consequences of breaking the rules of relationship agreements about extra-dyadic sex. Results from a survey of 229 gay men in romantic relationships showed that open relationships were less passionate, but no less intimate or committed, than monogamous or “threesome-only” relationships. However, men who broke rules reported lower relationship quality overall, regardless of the relationship agreement. Thus, it is less the nature of the agreement itself than adhering to the conditions of it that influences relationship quality.     

Impact of the tariff concessions of the RCEP agreement on the structure and evolution mechanism of manufacturing trade networks

In the world’s largest free trade area, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement will gradually eliminate tariffs on over 90% of member countries’ goods over the next 36 years. We construct a tariff policy effects evaluation framework based on the complex network theory. In this framework, the standard Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model is recursively extended to generate forecasted data of bilateral trade. Based on this, we model the RCEP manufacturing trade networks and analyze the response of its core–periphery structure to the tariff concessions. Then, we evaluate policy effects on the evolution of trade patterns based on motif analysis. Finally, we construct separable temporal exponential family random graph models (STERGM) to explore the influence path and degree of the new tariff agreement on the evolutionary mechanisms of trade networks.     

少数民族高考加分政策的公正性探究

少数民族高考加分政策实施多年,其公正性屡遭质疑,根本原因在于对该政策的根据缺乏深入而系统的认识。事实上,理性约定和平等原则构成其法律基础,循环累积因果论和帕累托最优为其提供经济学上的理论依据,唯有从这两方面厘清该政策的正当性根据,方可消除种种分歧以及在执行和实施过程中的异化和不合理现象。     

夫妻忠诚协议的价值判断与效力分析

当前,随着我国社会经济的发展,人们传统的婚姻价值观观念发生明显变化.一方面是持续走高的离婚率,另一方面是不断增多的夫妻忠诚协议.面对这样一份协议,有的法院判之无效,有的法院判之有效,意见相左,令人困惑.加之最高人民法院在制定《关于适用〈中华人民共和国婚姻法〉若干问题的解释(三)》过程中对夫妻忠诚协议所持态度的转变,引发广泛争论.从价值层面来看,夫妻忠诚协议不仅能促进履行婚姻忠实义务、维护婚姻安全,对婚姻有增益作用,也未对婚姻自由造成干涉,且又能满足人性的需要,具有正当性;从法律效力来看,由于我国《婚姻法》并未禁止对除重婚、同居外的不忠事项进行意思自治,推定不出夫妻忠诚之事项须由“法定”,故在具     

略论中国佛教与人文精神

佛教作为世界三大宗教之一,与其他任何宗教一样,其宗旨是追求出世解脱,是与人文精神相对立的。然而佛教自传入中国内地之后,通过与中国本土的儒道思想及中国社会生活相结合,逐渐中国化。而中国化的佛教的一个重要特征便是其鲜明的入世精神。通过辨析“中国佛教”与“人文精神”这两个概念,通过中国佛教(尤其是禅宗)与印度原始佛教,传统佛教与中国儒、道文化的异同比较,从佛性与人性、出世与入世、理想与现实等方面可发现中国佛教与人文精神有着密切关系,中国佛教有既出世又人世的思想性格,这将为当代中国佛教的现代化提供有益的启示。