Confucian values and the implications for international HRD

Abstract

The consideration of cultural issues has become increasingly important in scholarly inquiry and explorative practice in international human resource development (HRD). We review and explore the core characteristics of Confucian-based culture in relation to organizations and unfold how these Confucian values may affect organizational and management practices in China and other Asian countries. Five major aspects of Confucianism are examined. They are: (a) hierarchy and harmony, (b) group orientation, (c) guanxi networks (relationships), (d) mianzi (face) and (e) time orientation. The impact of these values on management practices in the Chinese organizational context is presented in four areas: (a) working relationships, (b) decision-making processes, (c) ruling by man (ren zhi) instead of by law (fa zhi) and (d) HR practices. Implications for organizations and international HRD are also discussed.     

Exploring the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Hope

ABSTRACT

To explore the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and hope, a convenience sample of caregivers bringing in children for medical investigation of child abuse at a regional child advocacy center were surveyed for adverse childhood experiences and dispositional hope. Hope in this sample had a significant negative correlation to the adverse childhood experiences subscale “abuse” (r = –.19; p < .05). The relationship between hope and the other adverse childhood experiences subscales “neglect” (r = –.14) and “dysfunctional family” (r = –.16) was not statistically significant. An analysis of variance was performed to determine if caregivers who have experienced both sexual and physical abuse (M = 29.67; SD = 15.96) have lower hope scores compared to those caregivers who have experienced neither physical nor sexual abuse (M = 42.64; SD = 18.44). This analysis (F (1, 84) = 5.28; p < 0.05) showed that caregivers who experienced both physical and sexual abuse scored significantly lower on hope compared to their counterparts who experienced no adverse events, with an estimated effect size of moderate strength (d = 0.70). Higher adverse childhood experiences scores are associated with lower hope. This result was especially true for those adult caregivers who reported experiencing both physical and sexual abuse when compared to adults who did not experience either form of child trauma. While the empirical literature continues to demonstrate the negative consequences of adverse childhood experiences across the life span, hope offers a compelling new line of inquiry in child maltreatment research especially for studies targeting prevention or intervention.     

Mothers Raising Daughters: New Complexities in Cultural Socialization for Children Adopted From China

This study examined the process of cultural socialization among 6- to 8-year-old girls adopted from China, with a focus on adoptive mothers’ decisions about their children's socialization and children's interest in and knowledge about China and being Chinese. Qualitative interviews of 10 mothers and their children were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Three main categories were identified to further specify parental cultural socialization: (1) motivation, (2) approaches to differences, and (3) type of activities that differed in their contextual layers and their degree of structure. Findings additionally revealed the interplay between parents’ cultural socialization practices and children's interest in socialization, patterns of participation, and knowledge and understanding about China or being Chinese. Results suggest that parental cultural socialization in families with children adopted internationally and transracially is more dynamic, complex, and layered than previously thought.     

河南中外合作办学模式的研究与实践

通过对近几年河南中外合作办学项目的运行模式进行调研,分析其中的得失利弊,提出中外合作办学模式的改进策略,以促进河南省国际教育的健康发展.     

中国金融业如何面对混合经营的挑战

20世纪80年代初,在“金融创新”和“金融自由化”浪潮的冲击下,金融管制逐步放松,金融分业的界限又开始逐渐模糊,金融业务相互交叉、相互渗透的程度开始日益加深。中国从1993年开始实施银行证券、保险分业经营。但是,最近国内市场发展和金融经济全球化的趋势对分业经营模式直接提出了挑战。从长远发展趋势看,混合经营是中国金融业的发展方向。     

当今国际环境的新变化与国际政治斗争的新特点

当今国际形势有如下新变化:国际政治多极化,经济全球化,科技进步日新月异,新军事革命正在兴起。国际政治斗争有如下新特点:诸强与美国霸权的较量愈演愈烈,干涉与反干涉、控制与反控制日益突出,高科技已成为西方发达国家进行国际政治斗争的重要工具,发达国家的霸权主义与强权政治更加猖狂。     

对中国改革基本经验的几点粗浅认识

党的十一届三中全会以来,在邓小平理论指导下,中国的改革取得了巨大的成功,引起了世人的广泛关注.本文仅就我国改革的成功经验作一浅析,供读者思考.     

经济的全球化对国家关系的影响

经济的全球化作为客观存在趋势,对国家关系产生深远影响,改变着二战以来形成的资本主义国家与社会主义国家、发展中国家的关系,影响国际政治格局的变化.     

从国际人道法看中日战争遗留爆炸物问题的解决

中日战争遗留爆炸物问题造成大量的平民伤亡,也给当地居民的生产和生活造成严重影响,因而社会各界都在探讨该问题的解决方法。国际人道法的核心是保护战争受难者,适用国际人道法来解决中日战争遗留爆炸物问题符合国际人道法的宗旨和目标,增加了保护人权的积极途径,符合《禁止化学武器公约》的规定,符合关于战争遗留爆炸物问题的议定书的相关规定,是可行的。其主要方法包括设定警告义务、明确清除责任、明确赔偿责任、建立监督机制等。     

上海浦东建设国际自由贸易港区的探讨

本文在借鉴国际自由贸易区建设发展经验的基础上，根据国际贸易发展的新趋势和新特征，结合上海“四个中心”建设的发展目标，提出把浦东建成我国最大的国际自由贸易港区，以搭建我国参与国际竞争的战略平台，并对浦东国际自由贸易港区的功能定位、建设重点及相关政策措施进行了探讨。