心理干预对恶性肿瘤患者家属心理障碍的作用

目的分析恶性肿瘤患者家属焦虑、抑郁状态的形成因素及心理干预对其的影响。方法对105名晚期恶性肿瘤患者家属根据其焦虑或抑郁症状给予心理干预,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)测评其治疗前后的症状变化。结果心理干预前后SAS分别为59.16±4.11、45.35±3.25(t=27.08,P<0.05),SDS分别为54.13±3.67、47.95±2.21(t=15.07,P<0.05),治疗后评定分值较治疗前明显下降,治疗后症状减轻。结论焦虑和抑郁症状是晚期恶性肿瘤患者家属不可忽视的心理问题,应引起医学界的重视。心理干预能够明显改善焦虑和抑郁症状。     

对美国对待中美"三个联合公报"态度的评析

冷战结束后的大量事实说明,美国在对待中美“三个联合公报”问题上,采取的是对中国大陆说一套,对中国台湾又说另一套的两面派作法;其实质是干涉中国内政,阻挠中国统一,遏制中国发展。     

The complexity of roles in community action projects: The example of the evaluation of ‘alternatives’

Evaluation of community interventions is a special form of evaluation involving many roles that are key to accomplishing both the intervention and the accompanying research. The present paper describes the roles involved in the evaluation of a community intervention (‘Alternatives’) aimed at safer use of alcohol and depressant medications by seniors.The three core roles were the community developer who provided leadership in the implementation of the project, the researcher/evaluator, and the community committee that sanctioned and facilitated the project. Other roles on the project included: the project coordinator, the nurse-interviewers who collected the survey data for the evaluation, volunteers from seniors groups, local health service providers, the media, the funders, and others on the project team who provided specific technical expertise.The paper describes the competing interests among these roles as well as conflicts that arose and how these conflicts were handled. Although specific roles are described, the types of roles and the potential for competing interests and conflict are generally relevant to community level evaluations.     

行政权介入财产权的法理考量

激励与制约并举是现代行政法制发展的重要趋势。行政权适当地介入财产权,对于保护财产权的有效行使和增进财产权的价值有着积极的意义。     

从国际法看人道主义干涉

人道主义干涉及其合法性问题一直是国际法理论和实践中一个颇具争议的问题。对人道主义干涉及其合法性的研究,一直是西方国际法学界研究的热点。人道主义干涉不仅涉及国际法,而且还涉及国际政治和国际关系。但从国际法的角度分析问题,当前的某些人道主义干涉同现行国际法是冲突的。     

社会主义市场经济发展与国家干预度

回顾我国国家干预状况出发,社会主义市场经济国家干预有保持宏观经济稳定、调节收入与财富分配等作用。但干预过度则存在难达预定目标,官员寻租等弊端。为了确保政府干预的有效性,应提高政府适度干预的能力,制约政府干预度的随意性。     

学校心理咨询工作中的价值问题

学校心理咨询无法回避价值问题 ,同时对价值问题又有特殊的要求。本文在澄清心理咨询价值观层次及价值干预等概念的基础上 ,进一步讨论了学校心理咨询中的价值问题并提出了相应的改进措施。     

Cognitive therapy and behavioural coping in the management of work-related stress: An intervention study

Transactional models of stress emphasize the importance of cognitive appraisal of potential stressors in the determination of the stress response. This appraisal can be modified by the use of techniques normally associated with cognitive therapy. The contribution of a specifically cognitive component when intervening in work-related stress has not been well evaluated to date. This research seeks to determine the effectiveness of stress management training in the treatment of the work-related effects of stress by comparing the role of modifying dysfunctional cognitions with the teaching of appropriate behavioural coping strategies. Participants were allocated to one of two intervention conditions or to a waiting list control group. Those in the intervention conditions received group stress management either with the focus on delivering cognitive therapy techniques or with the focus on behavioural coping skills. Measures of general health were taken at the beginning and end of intervention and at 3-month follow-up. Participants in the cognitive therapy groups who were reporting symptoms of general ill-health at the start of the intervention showed a significant improvement at follow-up. Cognitive therapy appears to have been an effective intervention in work-related stress. Those in the behavioural group showed a smaller but still clinically effective improvement. Results are discussed in terms of methodological issues and implications for future research. It is suggested that changes in cognitive appraisal may need to be developed.     

论政府介入西部生态环境建设的合理性

因西部生态环境的公共产品属性、外部性特征以及环境信息的稀缺性导致生态环境建设领域存在市场失灵的问题,政府介入具有其理论基础。西部市场发育不足、生态建设主体素质较低以及生态建设工程的系统性和长期性等原因,政府介入同时具有广泛的现实依据。     

检察机关适时介入实践中的问题及完善对策

检察机关适时介入制度对于从重从快打击刑事犯罪活动而言,发挥着积极的作用。但实践中由于种种原因,该制度在执行的过程中也存在着若干问题。本文将这些问题归纳为4个方面。通过对原因的分析,提出了完善检察机关适时介入制度的5点对策。