Childbirth experience in women participating in a continuity of midwifery care project

BackgroundContinuity models of care are rare in Sweden, despite the evidence of their benefit to women and babies. Previous studies have shown certain factors are associated with a positive birth experience, including continuity of midwifery care.AimThe aim was to investigate women's childbirth experiences in relation to background data, birth outcome and continuity with a known midwife, in a rural area of Sweden.MethodsAn experimental cohort study. Participating women were offered continuity of midwifery care in pregnancy and birth, during selected time periods. Data were collected in mid-pregnancy and two months after birth. The Childbirth Experience Questionnaire was used to determine women's birth experiences.ResultA total of 226 women responded to the follow-up questionnaire. Not living with a partner, fear of giving birth, and a birth preference other than vaginal were associated with a less positive birth experience. Having had a vaginal birth with no epidural, no augmentation and no birth complication all yield a better birth experience. Women who had had a known midwife were more likely to have had a positive birth experience overall, predominantly in the domain Professional support.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed that women who received care from a known midwife in labour were more likely to have a positive birth experience. The results also pointed out the benefits of a less medicalized birth as important for a good birth experience, and that some women may need extra support to avoid a less positive birth experience.     

Listen to the Elders: Design Guidelines for Affordable Multifamily Housing for the Elderly Based on Their Experiences

There is an increasing demand for affordable multifamily housing for a rapidly growing population of ethnic elders. Using the lived experiences of Korean American elders currently residing in affordable housing in the Midwest as one such example, this study seeks to develop design guidelines to meet the specific living needs and desires of this aging population. Verified against well-established building standards and accepted guidelines, these design recommendations lay the groundwork for multifamily housing that will assist elders to age in place in safer, healthier and happier environments.     

《论语》之“仁”

孔子的学术风格是坚定保留古已有之的华夏文化精神。华夏文化精神的价值指向是血族的“生生”,即指向血族的生存繁衍。“仁”深刻反映这价值指向。后世往往只从道德哲学角度理解仁,肯定大大缩小其意义。“仁”即“生生”,“生生”即“仁”,可从易学求得证明。《论语》中有关“仁”的重要命题都应从“仁即生生”的角度予以诠释     

十一届三中全会与中国的改革

党的十一届三中全会,是中国社会主义改革史上的一个界碑。改革是一场革命,又是一场伟大的社会主义建设的实践。２０年来,沿着建设有中国特色的社会主义道路,在农村和城市进行了广泛而深刻的改革,经过起步、展开和深化三个阶段,不仅取得了巨大的历史性成就,而且创造了极为丰富的改革经验     

Nonparametric estimator for mean residual life and vitality function

In this paper, we study the estimation of the vitality function(v(x)=E(X|X>x) and mean residual life function(e(x)=E(X-x|X>x) from a sample ofX using the empirical estimator and kernel estimator. Under suitable conditions of regularity, the asymptotic normality of the kernel estimator is obtained. Partially supported by Consejeria de Cultura y Ed. (C.A.R.M.), under Grant PIB 95/90.     

大学生的临终关怀意识与死亡态度

我国的临终关怀事业正在起步阶段,民众的临终关怀意识有待提升。基于问卷调查,探讨大学生的临终关怀意识及其与死亡态度和生活满意度之间的关系,结果显示,大学生临终关怀意识水平不高,89.6%的大学生不知道临终关怀如何实施;68.3%的大学生处于不镇定的死亡态度;病情告知、继续治疗、临终关怀认知、临终关怀接纳、死亡态度和生活满意度之间存在复杂的相关关系。Logistic回归分析提示,性别、是否配合家人假装不知道自己的病情以及生活满意度对死亡态度得分有较为显著的预测性。引导大学生参与临终关怀志愿活动,广泛开展科普宣传活动,可有效提升大学生的临终关怀意识,这对我国临终关怀事业的健康发展具有重要意义。     

用民主集中制规范党内政治生活

民主集中制是我们党的根本组织制度和领导制度,用民主集中制规范党内政治生活是我们党的优良传统和政治优势.十八届六中全会对新形势下党内政治生活从12个方面进行了规范,提出了具体要求.从加强和规范党内政治生活角度看,民主集中制是对党内政治生活的制度化、程序化、规范化,是党内政治生活正常开展的重要制度保障,要把民主集中制贯穿于党内政治生活的全过程.     

社会指数研究中文化差异与幸福感研究关系探析

关于文化差异是否以及如何影响幸福感判断,学界存在两种相反观点： 一是认为文化差异会造成情感、心理等因素上的差异,从而影响自我阐释和幸福感的判断结果;另一种观点认为文化背景差异不会导致调查结果差异。通过社会学调查实例结论,对两种观点进行分析： 前者更倾向于具体指标的分析,对具体政策制定和实施效果的参与更为有效;而后者则将各指数因素归纳作整体把握,有助于不同文化间的比较研究。中国社会学的幸福感研究若要完成有效的政策制定参与,应重视社会指数研究的旨向与目的,将前者纳入后者调查范围,重视数据的二次分析。     

生命哲学视域下幼儿教师专业发展的内涵及其路径重构

生命哲学作为一门关心人的生命尊严和存在意义的学说,对幼儿教师专业发展具有独特性的价值判断。以生命哲学作为分析立场,幼儿教师专业发展是一种自我价值认可的、历时性的、双重身份共融相生的过程,幼儿教师的生命具有生成性、整合性、独特性和自主性的特征。生命哲学视域下幼儿教师专业发展应当承认幼儿教师生命的可能性、发展性,培养具有个人风格的教师,并通过教师学习共同体来帮助幼儿教师更好的实现发展。     

冯友兰、张岱年关于惠施评述的异同辨析

文章通过对冯友兰《中国哲学简史》和《张岱年全集》中相关文献的考证,简要分析两位先生对惠施在学术地位、学术思想和人生观方面关注点的差异与统一,以期在加深对惠施辩证认识的基础上,强化对传统哲学更整体、更积极的评价,进而古为今用、推陈出新,增强文化自信,实现文化自强.