苍凉残缺的团圆——解读张爱玲的《小团圆》

张爱玲的遗作《小团圆》描述了她的家族和爱情,叙述了令她重度缺乏爱的一生境况。从母爱的回归与家族的团圆、爱情的失落与宽容、自我生命与情感的超越三个方面剖析了张爱玲创作《小团圆》的真正动因——爱恨的宽容与生命的回归、实现自己一生无奈而又凄艳的＂小团圆＂,而这也正是张爱玲心中所期盼的苍凉残缺的团圆。     

谢灵运与家族成员交游及其文学

谢灵运与谢氏家族成员的交游对其文学创作和文学观念有重要影响。此前学界多聚焦于谢氏家族对谢灵运山水诗创作的影响,未足以认清谢灵运与谢氏家族之间的双向互动关系,即：在与谢氏家族成员的交往过程中,谢灵运的文学创作显示出从内容到文体及文学观念的突破。同时,谢灵运自觉地组织文学集团,活动领域由门庭扩大到山泽,成员上也打破了宗族子弟的界限,有效地促进了家族文学的开放性和变异性。     

家庭、宗族与乡里制度：中国传统社会的乡村治理

我国古代由种植文明所形成的家庭宗族结构,形成了以血缘为纽带,以孝为核心的宗法思想,经儒家的宣扬和主张,横向渗透到社会生活的方方面面,纵向延续几千年,并成为中国传统文化的重要部分。封建国家看到了乡村政治文化的这种特点,充分利用宗法意识与宗族结构,建构出官民共治的乡里制度,充分利用宗族巨大的内聚力,将国家权力渗透到乡村社会,从而达到对乡里社会和乡里百姓的严密控制,实现有效的乡村治理。     

城市中小学生家庭心理健康教育调查研究——以广州市为例

本研究采用自编问卷,从家长具备的心理健康教育意识、心理健康教育知识以及心理健康教育方法三个层面对广州市中小学生家庭心理健康教育的现状进行了调查,结果表明：（1）大多数家长（84．8％）在对待孩子的心理问题上态度是恰当的,但仍有部分家长,没有有意识地对孩子进行过心理健康教育;（2）家长的心理健康教育知识水平参差不齐,大部分家长（79．6％）对心理健康教育知识的了解比较肤浅;（3）家长的职业、受教育程度、对心理教育的看法、心理健康知识水平都是影响心理健康教育方式的重要因素。针对研究结果,文章从树立心理健康教育意识、建立家校协调的心理健康教育网络、提高家长的心理健康教育水平等方面提出了建设性的意见。     

Semi‐conditional cash transfers in the form of family allowances for children and adolescents in the informal economy in Argentina

In 2009, Argentina introduced a new transfer programme for children and adolescents younger than age 18 (Universal Child Allowance) that extended coverage under the contributory programme for family allowances to include families in the informal economy and families of unemployed persons. This article describes this innovative programme, compares it with similar programmes in Latin America and analyses its impact on coverage and its possible effects on the welfare of the population. The results indicate that the extension of access to this type of benefit has reduced considerably the coverage gap for the poor and indigent and supports efforts to consolidate the operations of different and poorly coordinated transfer programmes.     

Income support for Australian carers since 1983: social justice,social investment and the cloak of gender neutrality

Income support for carers has been available in Australia since the early 1980s. In contrast to most other forms of income support, eligibility for Carer Payment has been progressively expanded in recent years, and increasing numbers of carers are claiming the payment as a result. This article examines the history of income support for carers by reviewing changes in eligibility criteria in the social security legislation and considering how those changes were framed. We argue that reforms to carers' income support have developed within competing frames of social justice and social investment, with an increasing emphasis on a social investment discourse, which prioritises paid work over care. Neither of the dominant frames addresses gender equality, and in practice, income support policy has reinforced familial (women's) responsibility for caring. Given the gendered nature of caring in Australia, gender equality issues must be considered in future policy reforms to ensure that the competing pressures on women to care and to engage in paid work do not lead to greater disadvantage and inequality for women and the people for whom they care.     

帝室与外家：西汉政治中的家族伦理

随着先秦封建宗法的衰败,秦汉帝国建立了皇帝制度。与之相随的,是西汉外戚势力的极大发展。从这一现象出发,本文试图探寻出一条理解中国传统政治中“家国关系”的新思路。基于对“恩泽侯表”、“百官公卿表”等史料中外戚受爵人数及方式,外戚为官者人数等的统计分析,并结合具体历史文献,本文认为,西汉外戚通过“以亲受爵”的方式广泛地占有社会身份等级中的上层地位,并占有三公九卿、“大司马***将军”等官职中相对大的比重,影响着整个西汉政治的发展。这种现象的产生,一方面同西汉分封同姓诸侯国所造成的中央势弱的“形势”有关,另一方面根源于以“亲亲”与“义”为根基的家族伦理,后者维系着姻亲家族间的支持,从而为西汉帝室与外戚之间联系的形成,奠定了基础。由此,我们可以一窥西汉政治中“家”与“国”的同构性。     

The impact of foster children's behavioural problems on Flemish foster mothers' parenting behaviour

Foster children often have behavioural problems. Behavioural problems influence the level of parenting stress and can lead to a breakdown. In this study, parenting behaviour of foster mothers is mapped, and the influence of behavioural problems and parenting stress on the parenting behaviour 2 years later is examined. Data of behavioural problems, family stress and parenting were gathered from 49 foster mothers. Problem behaviour has a direct negative impact on parenting and leads to less support and more negative control. It also results in more parenting stress. Foster parents need to be trained aiming at preventing ineffective parenting. The well‐being of foster parents needs to be guarded. Higher levels of parenting stress lead to less effective parenting.     

Independent evaluation of the Triple P Positive Parenting Program in family support service settings

The Triple P Positive Parenting Program is a multilevel system of behaviour‐based parenting training and support. The aim of this study was to determine whether implementation of levels 2 and 3 of the Triple P system, designed for primary care settings, enhances parent, child and family outcomes compared with services‐as‐usual in Alberta, Canada. The study employed a quasi‐experimental, single‐blind and post‐test‐only design. A survey incorporating outcome measures was administered to a sample of 1296 parent‐clients. A total of 923 parents responded, including 172 parents who had received a Triple P (level 2 and/or 3) intervention during the previous 12 weeks. A significant interaction was found between participation in a group‐based parent education programme and receipt of Triple P. Parents who participated in a group‐based parent education programme, and who received a Triple P intervention reported somewhat higher levels of need satisfaction than parents who participated in a group‐based parent education programme but who did not receive a Triple P intervention. No significant difference was found between Triple P and service‐as‐usual groups on any secondary outcome measures including parenting stress, positive interaction, family functioning and child problem behaviours.     

Compulsory intergenerational family solidarity shaping choices between work and care: Perceptions of informal female carers and local policymakers in Estonia

Estonians are obliged by law to provide maintenance for family members who are unable to cope by themselves. As a result, 80% of fragile older people receive informal care. Whether this is because the carers themselves feel solidarity and choose informal caring or because they lack alternatives is the question. We applied the cultural approach for explaining the construction of compulsory family solidarity in care provision to older people through the perceptions of informal carers and policy actors. Our interest is in how filial norms framed by individual responsibilities of care provision required by law can influence (i) informal carers’ perceptions concerning their choices between work and care and (ii) impact policy actors’ perceptions concerning eldercare service provision. Analysing the empirical data produced during focus groups with female carers and interviews with policy actors, we demonstrate the triple‐fold pressure to informal caregiving as an expression of compulsory family solidarity. Key Practitioner Message: ? The article demonstrates how the national Family Law Act constitutes a compulsory requirement of family solidarity in society; ? The compulsory family solidarity norm influences local‐level policymaking and inhibits the development of formal care services for older people; ? Informal carers’ choices between work and care are shaped by their personal filial norms, familialistic policymaking, and pressure exerted by older people.