Attracting Micro‐Enterprises To Learning

Micro‐enterprises, i.e. firms with less than 10 employees, are traditionally the hardest to engage in learning; they are also least likely to participate in such measures as business advice and guidance provision and initiatives to support information communication technology (ICT) adoption. Through a community‐based initiative initially targeting parents (unemployed or employed) to participate in ICT, 30 micro‐enterprises were attracted to learning for the first time. These companies had carefully avoided similar initiatives taking place locally, which emphasized business success and growth; they had only participated in this ICT skills training because of their children. The paper takes a case study approach to evaluate the reasons for participation, explores barriers and implications for those organizing similar activities, and calls for a more holistic view of owners and managers of small firms as fathers, mothers, etc. rather than just as ‘entrepreneurs’.     

运用青年成长的一般与特殊规律指导大学生管理工作

指导大学生管理工作的前提是先认识青年成长的一般规律:青年与社会的基本矛盾、理想自我与现实自我的冲突;成长经历的欲望,“主奴”、“看破红尘”、苦恼、实在阶段;浪费青春,受社会惩处等程度不一的成长代价付出的可能。在此基础上把握大学生群体的特殊表现、即特殊规律:几种特殊矛盾在现实与未来发展、基本素质与专业、独立与依赖、理论与实践之间表现突出;须经历适应大学生活、按理想目标发展自我,从学生生活向职业生活过渡的特殊阶段;围绕学习焦点的特殊性代价付出的可能。规律运用的关键在于;以人为本,加强沟通理解;强化成长意识、目标教育;创造良好的校园文化环境;重视成长代价教育、管理制度到位。     

略论宪法信仰的生长

宪法是国家的根本大法,培养公民对宪法的信仰至关重要。大众传媒是宪法信仰生发的主要途径。要培养社会公众的宪法情感和态度,必须培养法律专业人员对宪法的崇高情感与态度,培养政府官员对宪法的尊重态度,重视家庭的作用,走宪法司法化的道路。     

政府公共支出与中国经济增长——基于VAR方法的研究

基于协整理论和向量误差修正模型,考察了政府公共支出对中国经济增长的长期影响及二者之间的互动关系.研究发现:(1)多项公共支出变量为非平稳的二阶单整并与总产出及全社会固定资本形成额等经济变量存在长期均衡关系;(2)非生产性支出与经济增长正相关,生产性支出、政府机构支出与经济增长负相关;(3)非生产性支出是经济增长的长期原因,而经济增长只是政府机构支出增加的长期原因.经济增长反方向促进非生产性支出和生产性支出增加在统计学上并不显著.     

中小企业成长的社会网络解释与分析

中小企业成长依赖于外部资源获取,而资源获取渠道又通常产自于由各种社会关系构成的社会网络。本文针对中小企业成长的独特轨迹,认为社会网络理论在中小企业资源获取及在此基础上的持续成长方面具有独到的解释与分析力度。此外,对社会网络的演进模式及其在中小企业资源获取与成长过程中发挥的作用进行了分析。最后,对社会网络理论在中小企业成长方面可能的具体研究应用领域进行了探讨。     

制度、制度变迁与经济增长

在经济增长过程中 ,制度及制度变迁发挥着非常巨大的作用。所以 ,一个国家完善其制度是非常重要的 ,这已被西方国家所证明。就是说 ,高速经济增长往往伴随着完善的制度 ,缓慢的经济增长往往伴随着一个不完善的制度。因此 ,我们应该完善我们的制度 ,以促进经济增长。     

India’s Social Development in a Decade of Reforms: 1990–91/1999–2000

The economic reforms initiated in India in 1991 have brought about visible upliftment of economic conditions of the country. This paper examines if the economic process is associated with an enhancement of India’s social development in equal measure in the reform decade of nineties. Ray (1989) considered thirteen social indicators of India and constructed the country’s social development index (SDI) as a certain weighted average of the selected indicators, for the years between 1950–51 and 1975–76. The present work broadly follows Ray (1989) in tracking the social development in the decade of economic reforms from 1990–91 to 1999–2000. The movement of SDI in nineties has been compared with the movements of India’s per capita income and plan expenditure on the social sector. The results show that though there has been growth in the social sector, it is not by far quite encouraging and perhaps more needs to be done in the social sector. The views expressed in the article are those of the author and not of the institution he serves.     

Urban Power Structures and Publicly Financed Stadiums

Urban elites are increasingly addressing local social problems though policies that turn their cities into tourist destinations. Often at the heart of these policies are new publicly financed sports stadiums. Ironically, this strategy is flourishing despite near-unanimous academic criticism, and increasing public skepticism, about this approach. Our research addresses this contradiction by exploring how and why powerful decisionmakers continue supporting publicly financed stadiums. We rely on local growth coalition theory to explore this topic because it offers analytical advantages, including looking beyond local sports teams as the focal point of these initiatives, addressing the variation in the outcomes of these initiatives, and acknowledging that policymakers are predisposed toward supporting these initiatives but that this predisposition does not always result in success.     

我国农民收入增长缓慢的原因及对策分析

我国农民收入水平相对偏低且增长缓慢，依然是当前农业和农村经济发展面临的一个突出问题。造成农民收入增长缓慢的原因是多方面的，如农业发展阶段性变化，非农产业阶段性变化，过度松散的农业生产模式，农业投入不足、资金严重短缺等。要实现农民收入的增长，必须相应地采取各种有效措施，包括加快农业产业结构的调整，大力推进农业产业化经营、加大农业和农村的投入，改善农村金融服务等。     

电视机自动增益控制电路动态特性测量

本文提出一种电视机自动增益控制电路动态特性简易测量方法.按照此法,只需在待测电视机前加一级可调衰减器,就能用常用电子仪器测出自动增益控制电路的动态特性,并以此为依据改善电视机相关电路的性能.