基于视觉传感的焊缝跟踪系统研究现状

视觉传感技术在焊接机器人上的应用,大大提高了机器人的焊接效率和焊接质量。文中介绍了基于视觉传感的 焊缝跟踪系统的分类及主动视觉和被动视觉技术的基本原理;分析了图像处理技术的滤波去噪、图像分割与边缘检测和 特征分析等研究方法;分析了焊缝跟踪系统的控制结构和智能控制技术的应用现状。最后提出根据视觉传感系统测得 焊缝的信息,实时调节焊接参数以及焊枪角度等工艺参数进行自动化和智能化焊接是未来发展方向。     

How Mood and Task Complexity Affect Children's Recognition of Others' Emotions

Previous studies examined how mood affects children's accuracy in matching emotional expressions and labels (label‐based tasks). This study was the first to assess how induced mood (positive, neutral, or negative) influenced five‐ to eight‐year‐olds' accuracy and reaction time using both context‐based tasks, which required inferring a character's emotion from a vignette, and label‐based tasks. Both tasks required choosing one of four facial expressions to respond. Children responded more accurately to label‐based questions relative to context‐based questions at the age of five to seven, but showed no differences at the age of eight, and when the emotional expression being identified was happiness, sadness, or surprise, but not disgust. For the context‐based questions, children were more accurate at inferring sad and disgusted emotions compared with happy and surprised emotions. Induced positive mood facilitated five‐year‐olds' processing (decreased reaction time) in both tasks compared with induced negative and neutral moods. Results demonstrate how task type and children's mood influence children's emotion processing at different ages.     

The Role of Social Goals in Bullies' and Victims' Social Information Processing in Response to Ambiguous and Overtly Hostile Provocation

Understanding what social goals are associated with bullying and victimization behaviours, even after allowing for biases in interpretation of and affective responses to social events, is critical for understanding the socio‐behavioural profile of bullies and victims. In the present study, 181 nine‐ to ten‐year‐olds' affective responses, attribution of intent, and social goals were assessed in the context of a series of ambiguous and overtly hostile provocation vignettes. Results showed that even after allowing for other social information processing biases, social goals were meaningfully associated with bullying and victimization scores. Bullying was inversely associated with relationship‐building goals, and positively associated with goals to be assertive over the provocateur when provocation was overtly hostile. Being victimized was associated with having submissive goals even when provocation was ambiguous and after accounting for attribution of hostile intent. Findings are discussed in light of theoretical and practical implications.     

机械类应用型本科专业职业化教育与实践教学改革研究

实践教学在应用型本科职业化教育中处于重要地位。本文围绕应用型本科人才的培养，分析了机械类专业实践教学目前存在的主要问题及独立学院实践教学的现状，初步构建了长春大学光华学院机械专业的实践教学体系，并探讨了保证实践教学质量的管理措施。     

CDIO理念下的高职《图形图像处理》课程教学模式探索

针对高职《图形图像处理》课程教学中容易存在的问题，探讨将CDIO教学模式引入该课程教学各个环节中，构建“教、学、做”一体化课程体系，建设CDIO学习环境，基于案例组织课堂教学，基于项目实施实践实训教学，强化学生实践能力，建立基于CDIO的评价体系，以达到高效组织课程教学、培养学生工程能力的目的。     

词语语义加工中N400影响因素研究述评

作为语义加工大脑指标的N400成分受多种因素的影响。研究者从词类、词频、拼写相似性、语义关联、词语具体性、语境以及词汇隐喻等方面对词语语义加工中影响N400成分的因素进行了大量的研究。然而，这些研究对词语的出现条件进行了严格的限制：对词语列表中的词语的考察脱离了语境的制约，对完形填空中词语出现概率的考察受到句法结构的制约。本文对这些影响N400成分的因素进行了评述，建议该领域的研究重点可以倾向于脱离句法结构的条件限制，考察不同结构中词语或词语组合的语义加工过程，倾向于词语语义加工的跨语言渗透，并提出在词汇学习或教学中遴选词语的策略和语境制约的作用。     

基于数字照相技术的边坡变形自动化监测技术研究

将数字摄影测量技术应用于边坡位移自动监测。在边坡上布设固定标志点，将非量测数码相机置于边坡正面，运用程序控制相机间隔一定时间对边坡进行拍摄。对拍摄图像预处理后使用圆心亚像素识别算法确定测点亚像素位置。根据标志初始实际距离与初始相片像素距离建立物象比例，对比各次识别结果得到各测点实际的相对位移。运用GPS技术和计算机技术，本系统可实现数据交换、控制指令发送和预警的适时监控。本系统采用非量测数码相机，相对于传统边坡检测方法具有成本低，精度高，需要人工干预少等优点，现场试验50 m距离识别精度达到3 mm，取得较好效果，可以作为大量边坡自动化监测的有效手段。     

Asymmetries in Information Processing in a Decision Theory Framework

Research in psychology suggests that some individuals are more sensitive to positive than to negative information while others are more sensitive to negative rather than positive information. I take these cognitive positive–negative asymmetries in information processing to a Bayesian decision-theory model and explore its consequences in terms of decisions and payoffs. I show that in monotone decision problems economic agents with more positive-responsive information structures are always better off, ex ante, when they face problems where payoffs are relatively more sensitive to the action chosen when the state of nature is favorable.      

教育媒体与技术在机械制图课程教学中的优化运用

为了获得良好的教学效果,提高教育教学质量,关键是如何实现教育媒体与技术在课程教学中的优化运用。文章在调查研究和理论分析的基础上,建立了基于教育媒体与技术的优化教学模型,重点介绍了教育媒体与技术在机械制图课程教学中优化运用的一些做法和经验。     

马达海洋区块分段压制多次波方法

马达海洋工区海底深度变化很大，多次波异常发育，多次波衰减一直是该区地震资料处理难题之一。首先分 析与自由表面相关多次波衰减方法（SRME）、预测反褶积、抛物线Radon 变换的方法原理，针对各方法的不同特点制 定方案：采用SRME 方法衰减与自由表面相关的多次波，预测反褶积方法压制层间多次波，抛物线Radon 变换法衰减 剩余的多次波。实际资料处理表明：这种分步分段压制多次波的方法能够很好地衰减海底深度变化范围大、海底构造 复杂的海洋地震资料的多次波，很好地改善海洋地震资料的成像效果。实际资料处理表明，这种分段压制多次波方法 能够广泛应用于海底深度变化大，海底地质构造复杂的海洋地震资料多次波衰减处理。