价值链价值分布研究：价值库的构建

论题首次提出了价值库的概念,探讨了价值库的基本结构、基本特点及作用,虽然构建行业价值链的价值库异常复杂,但仍然是必要和可行的。详细阐述了价值库的构建过程,给出了分6个步骤构建一个行业价值库的基本框架,并从微观、中观和宏观三个方面分析了价值库价值分布的影响因素。     

Old age and prosocial behavior: Social preferences or experimental confounds?

Experimental and field evidence indicate a positive link between social preferences and age, most strikingly between the elderly and young adults. However, it is possible that the seemingly positive link between age and preferences stems from confounds in experimental procedure. In a dictator game study we find that elderly participants do indeed transfer higher shares of their endowments to their peers than a standard sample of student participants. This result holds good even in treatments accounting for wealth differences and experimenter demand effects. However, we observe no difference in behavior when we compare elderly participants and students who have not previously participated in economic experiments. Accordingly, it is possible that the seemingly stronger social preferences of the elderly are due to confounds associated with lack of experience with economic experiments. In addition, when comparing incentivized and hypothetical transfer decisions, we observe a hypothetical bias in treatments with a “take” framing, but not in treatments with the standard “give” framing.     

我国农村沼气池建设和使用影响因素研究——基于贵州丹寨县130村的调研分析

利用对贵州丹寨县130个村庄的调研数据,分析发现:目前农村户用沼气池利用率偏低,沼气池建设和使用情况不但与村庄和农户的经济状况有关,而且受政策实施情况的影响。总体上,示范村沼气池建设数量多于非示范村,废弃率也低于非示范村;政府统一要求建设的沼气池数量多于个人申请建设的沼气池,但废弃率高于个人申请建设的沼气池;从沼气池建设资金配套来看,贫困村农户获得的政府补贴低于非贫困村,政府统一要求与个人申请建设的农户自筹资金基本相当。因此,政府应重视不同农户的差异化需求,采取差异化的支持策略,提高农户建设和使用沼气池的自愿性和积极性;同时,应扩大示范村范围,并加大对贫困农户的支持力度。     

我国养老保险隐性债务的责任主体与政府职能界定

我国养老保险隐性债务问题源自我国的养老保险改革。此问题是否得到解决。关系到我国养老保险改革的成败与社会保障的可持续发展。本文从新的视角将养老保险隐性债务划分为社会统筹隐性债务、个人账户隐性债务和未来隐含的个人账户隐性债务，并通过两个假设，利用逻辑分析界定了解决养老保险隐性债务的责任主体（即资金提供者），并结合现代公共管理理论明确了解决各类隐性债务时政府的相关责任和应发挥的主要职能。     

溴化锂水溶液在真空下池沸腾换热的实验研究

介绍了溴化锂水溶液池沸腾换热的实验装置，以及溴化锂水溶液在真空条件下的池沸腾换热性能。实验研究结果表明：压力对池沸腾换热有一定影响，且随溶液浓度不同而有所不同；浓度对池沸腾换热有明显影响，且随压力提高，影响增大；管束对池沸腾换热有增强效应，水平管束的沸腾换热系数明显高于单管的沸腾换热系数。     

车莫古隆起对古油藏及油气调整控制作用

准噶尔盆地腹部中浅层次生油藏受古油藏位置及规模控制，为揭示车莫古隆起形成演化对古油藏、油气调整及次生油藏的控制作用。从井、震、油气水资料入手，利用流体包裹体GOI 值，确定古油藏油水界面，在古构造恢复基础上，按背斜油藏类型确定古油藏范围；根据古构造范围内砂体展布和厚度，参考已探明油藏参数，确定古油藏规模。准噶尔盆地由南向北掀斜后形成单斜背景，古油藏遭受破坏，综合考虑构造、断裂、不整合、砂体等因素，从古油藏出发确定油气运聚方向、路径和次生油藏发育区，提出腹部中浅层岩性地层油藏是主要勘探对象，由以前“沿梁”勘探走向斜坡带，改变了以寻找岩性–构造油藏为主的勘探思路，指导了莫17 等井发现。     

从权力转移到权力共享——新兴体系内国家的理性选择

现实主义学派的核心概念权力转移，而非建构主义学派的核心概念身份转移，能解释国家在进入西方主导的国际体系后，某些体系内外行为体对它采取的敌对态度。国际体系是权力体系，国家进入国际体系意味着权力的上升，改变了原有的相关权力对比和资源支配格局，造成了体系中的权力转移。国家的理性、国家间的重叠性利益能使国家采取权力政治新思维，实现权力共享，其特征是权力效力的客观外溢、权力的整合和嫁接效应。     

关于炉内结焦分析及其防止措施

多年来,电厂大型煤粉炉的结焦问题一直引人注目。本文针对烧劣质煤的实际情况,深入探讨了结焦的原因。并结合国内外防止结焦的成功经验,提出加强对结焦基础研究的必要性,同时具体地提出以左右摆动型式喷燃器调节假想切圆,以煤质挥发分确定炉内卫燃带最佳面积,以及提高安装(检修)质量等有效措施解决炉内结焦问题,以此可作为电力安全经济运行的借鉴。     

A Bayesian justification for the linear pooling of opinions

Summary It is known that the problem of combining a number of expert probability evaluations is frequently solved with additive or multiplicative rules. In this paper we try to show, with the help of a behavioural model, that the additive rule (or linear pooling) derives from the application of Bayesian reasoning. In another occasion we will discuss the multiplicative rule. Research supported by C.N.R. and Ministry of University and Technological and Scientific Research.     

Using the institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework to analyze the acequias of El Río de las Gallinas,New Mexico

As population and economic growth increase urban water demands, and traditional irrigation plays a smaller role in direct subsistence in New Mexico, irrigators on small, traditional systems often feel threatened. This paper uses the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework to analyze the irrigation ditches of the Gallinas River, in San Miguel County, and aims to facilitate understanding of the persistent distrust some Gallinas irrigators feel toward city, state, and federal agencies. This distrust, sometimes due to a perception of differing property rights structures that result in what many irrigators feel is unfair treatment by various agencies, and sometimes to a simple lack of understanding, is often perpetuated by recounted stories of malfeasance. Degree of social capital, knowledge of water law, and technology vary greatly. While there are not many problems with outsiders, some of the larger ditches report very poor social capital.