《儒林外史》打破了古代白话小说融入诗词韵文的结构模式

《儒林外史》不再像传统小说那样在叙述中夹有大量的诗词文赋的缘饰了。它的这种在文体上的变革,显示了其现代小说的特征。这样,《儒林外史》便彻底打破了白话小说融入诗词韵文的结构模式。促成《儒林外史》这种文体上的变革,有着复杂的原因:既有其“简捷地奔向戏剧”的小说艺术方法方面的原因,又有小说用“写实而真实”的创作手法创造其“形象体系”方面的原因,更有小说作者以理性思考的方式来创造小说的“意象体系”方面的原因。     

第二语言习得顺序研究述评

第二语言习得顺序研究兴起于上世纪40～50年代,它试图证明语言习得机制的普遍性,语料分析法是它的主要研究方法.在这项研究中,语言的词素、句法结构和语用特征等内容发展的顺序性和阶段性,对于"由浅入深,由简单到复杂"地开展英语教学活动具有重要指导意义;而第二语言习得顺序不随母语和学习者年龄的差异以及习得过程中监控条件的改变而改变的理论假设,无疑可以极大地增进学习者的信心.但目前关于第二语言习得顺序研究的充分性问题、"母语对第二语言习得顺序不产生影响"的理论假设以及"准确度顺序"等于"习得顺序"的研究前提等都受到学者的质疑.     

高唐神女传说之再分析

《文选》李善注及闻一多《高唐神女传说之分析》均认为,据宋玉《高唐赋》、《神女赋》所述,楚王所幸神女本为楚人先妣。这有个乱伦问题。但是通过运用历史文献学和文化人类学资料分析古人的礼仪风俗和神话传说,可以发现,楚王幸神女这类故事,并非楚国独有的现象,而曾是血缘婚和野蛮时代末期、文明时代早期全球各地普遍存在的弑生父娶庶母野蛮礼俗的折射。不过,先民弑父娶母不是为了一般的繁殖人口,而是为了让杰出的男女有机会媾合,从而提高种群的人口质量。因此,早期先民的人口生产并非如学术界所理解的多多益善,原始宗教文艺和原始文化研究中的“两种生产”理论应作必要的修正。     

万历朝鲜役及其对东亚政治格局的影响

万历朝鲜役是四百多年前发生在朝鲜半岛的一场国际战争,战争最终虽以正义的胜利而告终,却使明朝与朝鲜由盛转衰,并给女真以迅速崛起的机会.此后,后金取代明朝成为朝鲜的宗主国,形成了新的东亚政治格局.战争彻底改变了日本国内各派政治力量的对比,丰臣秀吉集团的势力彻底垮台,此后以史为鉴的德川幕府,再未动侵朝的念头,一直持续到明治维新以后.万历朝鲜之役对当时东亚的政治格局产生了深远的影响.     

法理学:从宏大叙事到微观论证

我国法理学直接来源于苏联的法理学 ,间接秉承着欧陆法理学传统。该传统在以往的特点是特别关注法律的“宏大”问题。 2 0世纪以来 ,欧陆法理学明显出现的对司法中微观问题的系统论述 ,并未在我们这里得到回应。只是近些年来 ,随着中国司法改革任务的提出以及司法在法治乃至整个社会、政治生活中地位的日显 ,我们才开始关注司法并同时关注欧陆和英美关于司法的理论。尽管如此 ,我们对于司法中法理学问题的探讨还只是初步的 ,还没有引起法理学界的共同关注。这就需要我们不失时机地将法理学研究的主要任务放到以司法为核心的法律之“微观论证”上来。本组笔谈的目的即在于此。     

Can cities be held responsible for early school leaving? Evidence from the Netherlands

This paper examines if ‘naming and shaming’ is an effective tool to increase accountability in school dropout for cities with disadvantaged student populations. It argues that a comparison with other cities might be unfair if regional and population characteristics differ. It discusses the example of two Dutch new towns. The new town policy deliberately attracted low- and medium-income households in the past, such that today the population of those cities differs from other cities. We use a matching analysis to account for observed differences in population and regional characteristics. The results point out that ‘naming and shaming’ may be a dangerous policy to increase accountability: early school leaving differences are driven, to a large extent, by observed differences in population and regional characteristics.     

The policies of unemployment protection in Europe

The abundant literature on welfare state policies, regimes or ‘worlds’ has been only limitedly interested in unemployment protection, and even less in youth unemployment protection. What is clearly lacking in the literature is an updated analysis of the most recent policies developed in European countries targeting youth. This mini‐symposium aims to fill in this gap by presenting findings from an EU‐funded research project entitled ‘Youth, Unemployment and Exclusion in Europe: A Multidimensional Approach to Understanding the Conditions and Prospects for Social and Political Integration of Young Unemployed’ (YOUNEX). The main aim of the research endeavour was to develop theory and contribute to empirical knowledge concerning the social and political exclusion of unemployed youth in Europe.     

论警察的文学形象——公安文学叙事话语范式分析

公安文学作品中警察叙事的话语范式包括政治话语、日常话语、先锋话语、消费话语四种,它们各自表征着社会阐述我国警察的不同知识样式。但公安文学要健康发展并最终有利于中国警察的健康发展,必然要坚持对警察的正义姿态和英雄精神的叙述,也即必然要形成以政治话语范式为主导的警察叙事。     

Turn-taking patterns in deaf conversation

This paper will focus on the turn-taking patterns of Deaf signers and will compare them with turn-taking patterns found in spoken interaction. Turn-taking in the conversation of hearing people has been the subject of considerable attention, but the way conversation is organised by Deaf conversationalists has received less attention. This paper reports on a small project involving conversational data obtained from two Deaf friendship groups, one all-female and one all-male. Our main aim was to establish whether Deaf interactants orient to a one-at-a-time model of turn-taking, or whether there was any evidence to suggest they can also orient to a more collaborative model. It has been assumed by researchers in the field of Deaf Studies that Deaf interactants orient to a one-at-a-time model since, where the medium of communication is visual rather than sound based, participants can attend to only those sources of talk that they can see. The paper also examines the data to see if there are any gender differences in the way Deaf interactants organise conversation.     

现代企业制度下成本管理初探

现代企业制度下,加强成本管理是企业谋求高经济效益的最根本途径.企业在向现代企业制度转换过程中,成本管理面临许多新的问题,本文将就此提出一种新型的成本管理模式,并在此基础上对企业成本管理遇到的问题提出解决对策,文中以邯钢成本管理经验为例,阐述成本管理在企业管理中的重要性.