青藏铁路格尔木—拉萨段运营的启示

青藏铁路建设是实现创新型国家战略的一个成功典范。由于西藏一些地方依然沿袭着保守的耕作制度,导致经济效益低下。因此,要发扬筑路形成的创新机制功能,发展西藏特色资源产业,创建西藏与外界融合的统一大市场,增加农牧民收入,建设高原国家环境保护模范城市,实现经济发展、人和自然的协调一致。     

资本配置低效、劳动生产率相对低下与就业规模绝对减少——我国内资高技术密集型制造业的一个现象

用Jeffrey Wurgler的思想和面板数据模型对我国内资和外资不同技术密集制造业的资本配置效率进行研究,用描述性统计方法对我国不同技术密集制造业的劳动生产率和就业状况进行分析,得出我国内资高技术密集制造业资本配置低效、劳动生产率相对低下与就业规模绝对减少的结论。从两种不同的视角评价了这一结果对产业结构的影响,提出了政府产业政策全面考虑的建议,即政府产业政策不只是关注短期经济成本、强化市场机制的作用,更重要的是注重国家长远利益、国民福利和产业安全,确保市场竞争的公平和对内资高技术密集产业(弱小产业)的必要保护。     

SWAPCO Nuclear Corporation (SWAPCO)

SWAPCO is a nuclear fuel brokerage company which has managed to survive in a highly competitive niche market for fourteen years. The market is currently declining and the company must develop a strategy for survival and future growth. The case is designed to enable students to think about the effects of a rapidly changing market on a company's business and the effect of changes in the external environment on the company. It leads to discussion of market strategies, the role of government in business, the effects of competition and other external factors in the survival and growth of a business. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

发达国家技术创新与产业结构高度化的趋势

８０年代以来，发达国家在信息通讯技术的推动下，其产业结构正由工业经济向知识经济转换。知识资本的大量投入是决定这些国家经济增长和结构变化的关键因素。持续的技术创新不仅开创了新的产业门类，而且推动了成熟产业的改造和再生，还导致了国家产业政策管制的放松。     

Intergenerational Issues Regarding Nuclear Power, Nuclear Waste, and Nuclear Weapons

Nuclear power, nuclear waste, and nuclear weapons raise substantial public concern in many countries. While new support for nuclear power can be found in arguments concerning greenhouse gases and global warming, the long-term existence of radioactive waste has led to requirements for 10,000-year isolation. Some of the support for such requirements is based on intergenerational equity arguments. This, however, places a very high value on lives far in the future. An alternative is to use discounting, as is applied to other resource applications. Nuclear weapons, even though being dismantled by the major nations, are growing in number due to the increase in the number of countries possessing these weapons of mass destruction. This is an unfortunate legacy for future generations.     

Urban Risks of Truck Transport of Radioactive Material

Truck transport of radioactive material (RAM), e.g., spent nuclear fuel (SNF), normally maximizes use of Interstate highways, which are safer and more efficient for truck transport in general. In the estimation of transportation risks, population bordering a route is a direct factor in determining consequences and an indirect factor in determining exposure times, accident probabilities and severities, and other parameters. Proposals to transport RAM may draw intense resistance from "stakeholders" based on concern for population concentrations along urban segments but the length of a route segment is also a determinative factor in estimating the transport risks. To quantify the relative importance of these two factors, a potential route for transport of SNF (strict use of Interstate highways) was selected and compared with a modified version that bypassed urban areas. The results suggest that emphasis on Interstate highways minimizes total route and urban segment risks.     

我国文化产业的创新模式分析--以传媒类文化产业为例

文化产业的创新模式包括创意文化资源推动型创新模式、科技推动型创新模式、产业融合型创新模式和政府推动型创新模式。21世纪以来,数字化已经成为传媒行业发展的必然趋势,电子出版正在改变传媒产业结构。从数字出版现状来看,我国的传媒文化产业类企业的创新模式略显单一,存在创新瓶颈,文化创新亟需人才。文化产业的发展趋势是互联网、多媒体技术与文化资源的结合,信息技术与文化产业之间已经形成了强大的融合趋势。以数字化为基础的科技驱动文化产业创新是我国文化产业发展的必经之路。四种文化产业的创新模式都具有增长效应,充分利用四种创新模式才能实现文化产业的全面创新。     

我国传统行业企业提升新兴技术创新绩效的机理与路径

在新兴产业技术迅速发展背景下,传统行业企业可以通过设计知识基础结构来促进新兴产业技术创新,以及依据新兴产业发展阶段权变地选择从事新兴产业技术创新的“嫁接”路径或直接路径。     

新兴行业行政规制的正当性与界限——基于打车软件行业的现实主义观察

新兴行业基于社会利益需求而产生,在意思自治的法律空间里成长。由于新兴行业冲击原有的法律所保护的利益秩序,由此引发行政规制。从打车软件行业行政规制的过程可知,基于社会公共利益的行政规制具有内在正当性,但这种规制不可避免具有负外部性,很可能影响乘客整体利益的实现,阻碍社会新兴行业的创新与发展,因此这种行政规制必须在法治框架内进行。基于行政法治思想,新兴行业行政规制应当遵守合法性原则和合理性原则。合法性原则要求行政规制必须注重法律依据、执法主体、执法程序和执法手段的合法性,合理性原则要求行政规制必须平衡考量新兴行业中的社会公共利益和私人利益,达成两者平衡,促使新兴行业的健康有序发展。     

长江经济带高新技术产业外贸竞争力的影响因素与提升对策

影响长江经济带高新技术产业外贸竞争力的主要因素有高新技术产品出口交货值、人均GDP、对外开放度、外商直接投资、产业集聚度、利税额、研发人员全时当量、高新技术企业专利数。由于经济发展与环境因素不同导致各省市影响因素不同,其中,安徽省为出口交货值、人均GDP、对外开放度等,湖南省为出口交货值、外商直接投资等,云南省为出口交货值、研发经费投入等,四川为人均GDP、研发人员全时当量等,浙江为外商直接投资、人均GDP、企业专利数等。建议通过提高产业集聚度、培育外贸竞争优势、提高科研投入的使用效益、加大自主创新体系建设等措施提高长江经济带高新技术产业外贸竞争力。