公共文化服务标准的计量分析

采用信息计量分析的工具与方法,对现行公共文化服务标准从时间分布、标准关键词共现网络、起草单位合作网络、起草人合作网络、标准引文网络等方面进行了分析,对中国公共文化服务标准的发展现状与存在的问题进行了总结.研究发现中国尚未形成完整的公共文化服务标准体系,现行标准存在国际化水平不高、标龄普遍过长等问题.文章成功地将信息计量分析工具与方法移植到公共文化服务标准的研究中,显示出标准计量分析的广阔发展前景.     

公共文化服务标准体系的基本理论问题研究

标准化战略是国家发展战略的重要组成部分,而公共文化服务标准体系研究则是当下的一项重要而紧迫的任务.公共文化服务标准体系的制定与实施是实现公共文化服务均等化的重要途径,是促进公共文化服务体系发展的关键.文章对公共文化服务标准体系的理论基础进行了研究,对公共文化服务标准体系的总体目标、基本特征及其必要性与可行性进行了分析,最后提出了公共文化服务标准体系的作用途径.     

“英语语言表达能力”概念界定及评价指标研究

语言是交流的工具,交流包含“听”“读”语言理解和“说”“写”语言表达两个过程,语言表达是实现交流的核心所在.培养学生英语表达技能是英语教学的重要目标.然而如何评价英语语言表达能力？评价的指标是什么？对此,英语教学实践中的操作标准不太统一和明确.文章以“说”和“写”的教学要求和测试评价标准为视点,采用关键词分析法对现行的国内外两个外语教学纲领性文件和三个权威英语测试评分标准进行了对比分析,概括出对语言表达能力共同的要求.文章还从心理学和认知语言学的学科视角,界定了英语语言表达能力的概念,分析了其组成要素,提出了三维评价指标,并解释了英语语言表达能力组成要素和指标间的相互关系,强调了思维在英语语言表达能力中的重要性.     

基于 RosettaNet 视角的商业银行金融服务能力跨组织协同流程研究

银行的信息系统原来以削减流程成本、优化流程结构为主要目的,现在需要转向关注应对灵活的商业模式,以及与各类企业的跨界无缝合作,进而能够使用IT优势影响与各类企业的合作模式,帮助银行创造价值。为了应对以上需求,提出了从金融服务嵌入的角度将银行产品进行解构并重构,以RosettaNet的技术经验和视角构建商业银行金融服务能力体系FSIF,并建立跨组织协同工作流模型。     

制造云服务组合柔性评价指标体系研究

制造云服务组合作为提高云制造资源利用率、实现制造资源增值的关键途径之一,对于云制造的实施和开展具有重要作用。在明确制造云服务及制造云服务组合柔性概念的基础上,系统分析云制造全生命周期内制造云服务组合柔性的影响因素,并从任务发出企业的角度建立了包括四个一级指标和九个二级指标在内的制造云服务组合柔性评价指标体系,为进一步构建制造云服务组合柔性评价模型、完善制造云服务组合优选系统、实现高效智能化的制造云服务管理提供理论支持。     

我国职业年金制的整合构建问题探析

随着中国经济市场化改革的进一步深化,作为养老保障的第二支柱,中国的职业年金制度终将被整合构建起来。本文从职业年金概念的辨析开始,采用文献研究法梳理出职业年金制整合设计的几个基本问题。并有针对性地提出将职业年金制设计为：企业、机关事业单位等作为雇主参与职业年金筹资;筹资模式采用基金制的缴费确定型计划;缴费率目标值设定为由雇主和雇员共同承担10％~15％,且替代率目标值设定为40％~50％;职业年金基金实行市场化运作。     

The Inherent Politics of Managing the Quality of Urban Green Spaces

Although the term ‘quality’ has a universal positive connotation and typically is framed by a focus on improvements, its application includes as well as excludes the access, values and world views of particular actors and interests. In this article, we highlight the relevance and implications of such ‘inherent politics’ through a case study of a widespread approach to operationalizing quality in urban green space management. We conclude that adoption of any quality model has both limiting and enabling implications for public participation and decision-making and that a critical stance is needed within both research and practice for the development of quality models that connect to values of broader societal relevance.     

Diesel Engine Exhaust and Lung Cancer Mortality: Time‐Related Factors in Exposure and Risk

To develop a quantitative exposure‐response relationship between concentrations and durations of inhaled diesel engine exhaust (DEE) and increases in lung cancer risks, we examined the role of temporal factors in modifying the estimated effects of exposure to DEE on lung cancer mortality and characterized risk by mine type in the Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study (DEMS) cohort, which followed 12,315 workers through December 1997. We analyzed the data using parametric functions based on concepts of multistage carcinogenesis to directly estimate the hazard functions associated with estimated exposure to a surrogate marker of DEE, respirable elemental carbon (REC). The REC‐associated risk of lung cancer mortality in DEMS is driven by increased risk in only one of four mine types (limestone), with statistically significant heterogeneity by mine type and no significant exposure‐response relationship after removal of the limestone mine workers. Temporal factors, such as duration of exposure, play an important role in determining the risk of lung cancer mortality following exposure to REC, and the relative risk declines after exposure to REC stops. There is evidence of effect modification of risk by attained age. The modifying impact of temporal factors and effect modification by age should be addressed in any quantitative risk assessment (QRA) of DEE. Until there is a better understanding of why the risk appears to be confined to a single mine type, data from DEMS cannot reliably be used for QRA.     

Reanalysis of the DEMS Nested Case‐Control Study of Lung Cancer and Diesel Exhaust: Suitability for Quantitative Risk Assessment

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2012 upgraded its hazard characterization of diesel engine exhaust (DEE) to “carcinogenic to humans.” The Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study (DEMS) cohort and nested case‐control studies of lung cancer mortality in eight U.S. nonmetal mines were influential in IARC's determination. We conducted a reanalysis of the DEMS case‐control data to evaluate its suitability for quantitative risk assessment (QRA). Our reanalysis used conditional logistic regression and adjusted for cigarette smoking in a manner similar to the original DEMS analysis. However, we included additional estimates of DEE exposure and adjustment for radon exposure. In addition to applying three DEE exposure estimates developed by DEMS, we applied six alternative estimates. Without adjusting for radon, our results were similar to those in the original DEMS analysis: all but one of the nine DEE exposure estimates showed evidence of an association between DEE exposure and lung cancer mortality, with trend slopes differing only by about a factor of two. When exposure to radon was adjusted, the evidence for a DEE effect was greatly diminished, but was still present in some analyses that utilized the three original DEMS DEE exposure estimates. A DEE effect was not observed when the six alternative DEE exposure estimates were utilized and radon was adjusted. No consistent evidence of a DEE effect was found among miners who worked only underground. This article highlights some issues that should be addressed in any use of the DEMS data in developing a QRA for DEE.