In Vino Pecunia? The Association Between Beverage-Specific Drinking Behavior and Wages

The positive association between moderate alcohol consumption and wages is well documented in the economic literature. Positive health effects as well as networking mechanisms serve as explanations for the “alcohol–income puzzle.” Using individual-based microdata from the SOEP for 2006, we confirm that this relationship exists for Germany as well. More importantly, we shed light on the alcohol–income puzzle by analyzing, for the first time, the association between beverage-specific drinking behavior and wages. In our analysis, we disentangle the general wage effect of drinking into diverse effects for different types of drinkers. Mincerian estimates reveal significant and positive relationships between wine drinkers and wages as well as between multiple beverage drinkers and wages. When splitting the sample into age groups, the “drinking gain” disappears for employees under the age of 35 and increases in size and significance for higher age groups. We also find a “beer gain” for the oldest age group and male residents of rural areas as well as a “cocktail gain” for residents of urban areas. Several explanations for our empirical results are discussed in view of the likelihood that the alcohol–income puzzle is a multicausal phenomenon.

利率下降对我国居民跨期消费选择的影响分析

利率下降对居民跨期消费选择影响存在收入效应和替代效应.由于这两种效应对居民当期消费的作用方向完全相反,因而总效应要取决于这两种效应的强弱.对于我国中低收入居民来说,利率下降对其跨期消费选择的收入效应特别明显,替代效应则趋于零,因而降患反而会减少其当期消费数量.对于我国中高收入居民来说,利率下降对其跨期消费选择的替代效应在很大程度上被收入效应所抵消了,因而降息拉动其当期消费也不明显.为了刺激居民消费,除了实施降息政策以外,还必须采取其他政策与之配合.     

乐透型彩票设计合理性的数学分析

研究了基本乐透型彩票类型的管理模型，根据概率论公式计算出获得各种奖项的可能性、并利用剩余奖金金额、彩票的吸引力等指标评价了彩票设计方案的合理性，推算出彩票发行部门收益最高的选号范围。     

宁波市农民持续增收的保障机制研究

农民收入问题是“三农”问题的核心,改革开放30年来,宁波市农民人均纯收入快速增长,走在全国前列,有力支撑了区域经济的快速发展。宁波市农民收入快速增长具有阶段性、多元性和差异性的特点,其驱动机制包括：制度创新、城乡统筹、科技支撑和社会保障等因素。宁波市要实现2020年农民纯收入翻番的目标,仍面临一系列的制约瓶颈,需要把增加农民收入与城乡一体化、产业布局调整、促进非农就业和加速城镇化相结合,用工业化、城镇化、市场化破解农民收入持续增长的难题。     

大学毕业生择业价值观的现状及比较分析

对国内七所大学1513名大学毕业生进行了择业价值观的问卷调查，对大学毕业生择业价值观现状进行了探讨和分析。结果表明，发展因素和保健因素是大学毕业生择业时考虑的最重要的两个因素，大学毕业生择业价值取向在性别、生源地域、家庭经济状况、学科类型、学习成绩等因素上有不同程度的差别，有些方面差异非常显著。调查结果与同类研究结果比较说明，不同地区的大学毕业生择业价值观存在一定差异。     

Gender,Pay and Work Satisfaction at a UK University

This article examines a modern, former polytechnic granted the status of university in 1992, to illustrate the state gender pay gap in the UK and suggests that to talk of the state pay gap is too simplistic as it does not take into account variations in the size of the pay gap in different job grades. The article also examines satisfaction levels with pay for two groups of staff, administrative and academic and shows how satisfaction with pay, promotion and conditions also varies between the grades. Previous research that concluded that women are more satisfied with their pay than men is, again, too simplistic as it does not consider the affect of staff grade. The article argues that there is a link between the size of the pay gap, staff grade, occupational gender segregation and expressing dissatisfaction.     

个人工薪所得税问题研究

根据税收公平的原则,对目前个人所得税工薪所得税费用扣除标准和计算方法等存在的缺失进行分析,避免因缴税方法或计算而造成税赋的不公平。通过定量计算,提出新的个人工薪所得税计算方法,以期完善个税制度,有效预防涉税案件的发生。     

Micro‐level dynamics of social assistance receipt: Evidence from four European countries

This study investigated the monthly dynamics of social assistance benefit receipt – in particular the incidence of long‐term benefit receipt – in four European countries: Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. The analysis is based on four separate administrative panel data sets, each covering the 96‐month period from January 2001 to December 2008. Benefit dynamics were found to vary considerably across countries. In the two Nordic countries, long‐term benefit receipt was found to be a rare exception. Most recipients, however, had multiple spells and the majority of benefit leavers returned to benefits within a few months of leaving. In Luxembourg and The Netherlands, long‐term benefit receipt was frequent, but benefit leavers were much less likely to return to benefit receipt after exit. The total duration of benefit receipt per individual across spells was two to three times as high in The Netherlands and Luxembourg as in Norway and Sweden.     

调整利息税率对中国居民人均消费影响的实证分析—基于1985—2008年的经验数据

 本文通过所构建的居民消费效用函数模型，得到利息税率调整引起居民人均消费的变化量,并利用中国1985—2007年的数据估计出模型中的参数。通过实证分析发现：第一，调整利息税率对我国人均消费产生的收入效应大于替代效应；第二，调整利息税率对城镇和农村居民的人均消费影响的效应不同：提高利息税率对城镇居民人均消费产生的总效应相对较大，而降低利息税率对农村居民人均消费产生的总效应相对较大；第三，城镇居民消费时间偏好、储蓄效用因子大于农村居民的消费时间偏好和储蓄效用因子。     

Self-Assessment and Change in One's Profession: Notes on the Phenomenology of Aging Among Mid-Life Women

Using data from a pilot study of mid-life, mid-career women in nursing, this research note suggests further exploration of women's work roles in understanding subjective assessments of self and aging. The analysis shows that among the nurses studied, dynamics of occupational or professional change were related to views of self in the future. These issues of change rather than age graded norms for achievement were paramount in the nurses' self assessment.