The Paradox of Protestantism and Women in Elected Office in the United States

ABSTRACT

In cross-national studies, scholars have found that wealthy countries and those with a Protestant tradition are more likely to have higher levels of women in elected office. Even though the United States should then be high in this domain, it lags behind many similarly situated countries. We posit that one reason for this paradox is that Protestantism in the United States is far more socially conservative than is typical in other Protestant countries. To test our argument, we use state-level data on the proportion of women in elected office from 2002 to 2004 and survey data on church membership. We find a negative relationship between the percentage of Protestants belonging to churches associated with the National Association of Evangelicals, a lobbying group representing socially conservative Protestant denominations, and the proportion of women in elected office.     

The American Trade Dollar

The changes in technology that have affected mail delivery are a dynamic way to encourage students to think critically and make meaningful connections across historical eras. In the classroom, personal communication through the mail can become the “thematic glue” used across historical units to highlight the changes in everyday life caused by technological innovation. The post office initiated changes in streetlighting and crosswalks, stimulated the development of rural roads and highways, and provided passenger services on railways. Classroom teachers can use the activities and discussion questions to introduce students to this entity and its influence on our history.     

基于目标管理的高校二级学院办公室管理工作

目标管理既是一种科学的管理方法,也是一种管理哲学。目标管理具有重视全员参与管理,强调自我控制,重视成果与利益的结合,强调目标激励,促使权力下放等特点,在二级学院办公室实施具有可行性。在目标管理实施过程中,要依次进行目标管理的准备、目标体系的构建、权力的有效下放、目标的有效控制和科学的考评反馈,最后实现办公室管理的预期目标。     

我国上市公司审计费用影响因素实证研究

为明确我国上市公司审计费用影响因素及事务所的定价策略是否相同,对2003—2009年A股上市公司审计费用进行分析,结果表明事务所规模越大、品牌声誉越好、在省市审计市场地位越领先,其越能够获得高额审计费用。其中,事务所声誉对审计费用的影响最大,其次是事务所规模,最后是事务所市场占有率。     

Gender,power and office politics

Abstract

This interpretative study explores the experiences of Taiwanese female clerical workers as they deal with office politics. A hermeneutical phenomenology is used to describe and interpret the participants' experiences. The study shows that powerlessness and frustration result from: (1) structural barriers; (2) behavioral barriers; and (3) accommodation and rationalization. This study has implications for research and practice in international area of women's studies and for the field of international career development education.     

办公自动化对文书和文书工作的影响

办公自动化在全社会各行各业的应用已日益广泛深入 ,它给各企事业单位固有的文书、文书工作带来很大的影响 ,对长期以来的文书、档案工作机制形成巨大的冲击     

论抗战时期我党干部在职教育制度的建设与历史经验

为赢得抗日战争的全面胜利,造就一支德才兼备、高瞻远瞩、通晓政治和精通业务的干部队伍,针对当时边区干部队伍的基本状况,中共中央干部教育部和边区政府决定对边区干部进行在职教育学习,制定了理论联系实际的教育方针,为保障学习任务的完成并制定了相关制度。实践证明,抗战时期中共干部在职教育制度建设卓有成效,不仅为当时的抗日民主政权培养了大批合格干部,而且也为后来中国革命与建设事业的开展造就了英才,并奠定了人才基础。     

论高校办公室管理的现代化建设

高校办公室要努力实现管理观念、管理制度、管理人才和管理手段的现代化,切实发挥其“中枢”、“窗口”和“桥梁”作用并积极促进学校的现代化建设     

办公自动化在图书馆中的应用

该文首先介绍了办公自动化的概念及三个层次 :事务型办公自动化系统、信息管理型办公自动化系统、决策支持型办公自动化系统 ;其次 ,介绍了办公自动化在图书馆日常工作中的应用 ;再次 ,介绍了如何运用办公自动化使固定资产管理、文件管理和网络管理等工作变得简单 ,如何提高办公室的工作效率 ;最后提出办公自动化的最高层次 ,即协同办公自动化是高校图书馆实现办公自动化的发展趋势     

论加强高校办公室工作

高校办公室是一个中心处室 ,其地位、作用和任务具有自身的特殊性 ,论文提出了目前高校办公室工作存在一些不适应的问题 ,并从作用发挥不到位、整体水平不高、外界交流不畅三个方面进行了分析 ,提出了加强高校办公室工作的具体措施