When children’s testimonies are used as evidence: how children’s accounts may impact child custodial decisions

Abstract

In child custody cases, children oftentimes provide allegations of experienced trauma against one of their parents. Such allegations can happen before any investigative interviews (e.g., by the police or child protective services) have taken place. A central theme here concerns how to appraise such allegations and make certain that children’s accounts are taken seriously. In the current special issue, the focus is on new work on the functioning of children’s memory and its relation to trauma or work on children’s suggestibility and memory when they are traumatized. Specifically, key experts in the field of children’s memory provided contributions on: (1) the impact of interviewer support and rapport building on children’s testimonies, (2) the role of parental alienation in children’s testimonial accuracy, and (3) different types of false memories in children’s memory reports.     

Early socialization of hostile attribution bias: The roles of parental attributions,parental discipline,and child attributes

The goal of this study was to examine child and parent predictors of children's hostile attribution bias (HAB) with a particular focus on exploring the associations between parents’ early attribution of child misbehavior and children's HAB in the transition to school age. Participants were 241 children (118 girls) of middle‐income families who were at risk for school‐age conduct problems. Multi‐method, multi‐informant data were collected on maternal attributions of child misbehavior, parental use of corporal punishment, and child attributes (i.e., verbal IQ, effortful control, theory of mind, and emotional understanding) at 3 years, and child HAB in ambiguous situations at 6 years. Results indicated that mothers’ internal explanations for children's misconduct may either reduce or increase children's later HAB depending on the specific content of attributions, such that mothers’ belief that children misbehave because of their internal state (i.e., emotional state or temperament) was associated with lower levels of child HAB, whereas attributing power‐based motives (i.e., manipulative, controlling intentions) in children was associated with higher levels of HAB. The findings are discussed with respect to appreciating the complexity of parents’ explanations for children's behavior, and considering parental cognition as a potential target for early identification and prevention of child HAB and related problems.     

Permanently online and permanently connected: Taiwanese university students’ attachment style,mobile phone usage,and well-being

Taiwan has been the top country worldwide in terms of its adoption and use of mobile phones. This study explores the permanently online (PO) and permanently connected (PC) phenomenon in mobile phone use among Taiwanese university students. It seeks to determine whether attachment styles are a distinctive factor that influences PO and PC (POPC) behavior and leads to various levels of well-being. The results of this study provide initial evidence that Taiwanese users highly depend on their mobile phones for PC and PO activities but perceive that being permanently connected causes interpersonal stress. Although the findings showed that all styles were positively associated with PO, only the secure and anxious styles predicted PC. Regarding mobile phone activities, the avoidant attachment style was not associated with any activities, the secure attachment style was positively associated with online and voice communication as well as information-seeking activities, and the anxious attachment style was associated only with voice communication. Furthermore, attachment styles lead to various levels of interpersonal stress through PO and PC behavior. The anxious style interacts with PO on interpersonal stress. This study provides evidence that attachment style is a significant antecedent of POPC and its consequences in mobile phone usage.     

论胡乔木的新体咏物诗

胡乔木的新体咏物诗不仅数量多，而且质量高，是其新体诗的精华所在，有其独特的艺术个性和鲜明的艺术特征，诸如由物起兴、物显人情；托物抒怀、物人一体；借物述理、生动形象等等，极具艺术魅力，为新体诗的发展作出了重要的艺术贡献。     

女同文学叙事比较——以霍尔和邱妙津的同性恋代表作为阐释文本

英国20世纪初的女作家拉德克利夫·霍尔的《孤寂深渊》,是英语文学中的第一部女同性恋小说,被誉为＂女同性恋者的圣经＂。《鳄鱼手记》是当代台湾著名女同性恋作家邱妙津最成熟的小说之一,突破了之前同题材作品情欲规避的传统,在台湾女同性恋文学史上具有开拓性的意义。霍尔和邱妙津本身都是同性恋者,这两部都源自于作家本人切身体验的作品,通过不同的母题、叙事风格和叙事策略,展现了在不同文化环境中的女同性恋者应对男权与异性恋社会的方式的差异性。     

江淹游览诗论析

江淹在泰始年间作有多首游览诗。这些游览诗流丽中带有峭拔之气,语言简约清新而带有复古之气,景物描写融壮美与优美于一体。与鲍照、谢朓二人的游览诗相比,江淹游览诗在总体风格、语言艺术、景物描写等方面兼具二人的特点,体现了他在从元嘉诗歌发展到永明诗歌的诗风转化过程中的承上启下作用。     

Timing of Remarriage Among Divorced and Widowed Parents

Research on timing of parental remarriage is important to understanding consequences of remarriage for children. In this study, survival analyses were conducted predicting timing of parental remarriage from parental loss in a sample of 3,774 offspring whose parents divorced or whose mother or father died during childhood. Transition to remarriage was quicker for parents who divorced compared to those who were widowed, especially for fathers. By examining timing of remarriage from the perspective of parents, and thus children, we identify not only who is more likely to experience parental remarriage, but when remarriage is likely to occur.     

企业家领导风格与民营企业组织变革——案例的比较与分析

民营企业的管理现状和特征决定了其要发展壮大就必须进行组织变革,通过对两家背景相似的企业集团——远东控股集团和T公司组织变革的比较分析,发现企业家领导风格对企业变革的绩效有很大影响:相对于权威型、魅力型和家长式领导风格,变革型、交易型、民主型领导风格通过增强变革动力,降低变革阻力对变革效果产生更大的正效应。     

Substance‐dependent women becoming mothers: breaking the cycle of adverse childhood experiences

Parenting may be particularly challenging for substance‐dependent mothers who have grown up with parents who themselves had substance use disorders (SUDs). The aim of this study was to explore how substance‐dependent mothers describe their childhood experiences with substance‐abusing parents and the association between these earlier experiences and their own role as caregivers. Using purposeful sampling, mothers admitted for 1 year to a family ward at a substance abuse clinic were approached. Through in‐depth, qualitative interviews, nine substance‐dependent mothers described their lives in the form of present, past and future tense. The findings indicate that substance‐dependent women, who have experienced SUDs in their families of origin, face several major challenges when they become mothers. Some describe having lived their whole lives ‘on the edge of society'. This makes their rehabilitation process more complex. All mothers work to abstain from substances, process traumatic experiences and integrate their family into society. They need help to build supportive social networks and to establish a safe and predictable family environment for themselves and their children. The therapeutic implications of these findings will be discussed.