Consumer-Phase Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Risk Assessment for Egg-Containing Food Products

We describe a one-dimensional probabilistic model of the role of domestic food handling behaviors on salmonellosis risk associated with the consumption of eggs and egg-containing foods. Six categories of egg-containing foods were defined based on the amount of egg contained in the food, whether eggs are pooled, and the degree of cooking practiced by consumers. We used bootstrap simulation to quantify uncertainty in risk estimates due to sampling error, and sensitivity analysis to identify key sources of variability and uncertainty in the model. Because of typical model characteristics such as nonlinearity, interaction between inputs, thresholds, and saturation points, Sobol's method, a novel sensitivity analysis approach, was used to identify key sources of variability. Based on the mean probability of illness, examples of foods from the food categories ranked from most to least risk of illness were: (1) home-made salad dressings/ice cream; (2) fried eggs/boiled eggs; (3) omelettes; and (4) baked foods/breads. For food categories that may include uncooked eggs (e.g., home-made salad dressings/ice cream), consumer handling conditions such as storage time and temperature after food preparation were the key sources of variability. In contrast, for food categories associated with undercooked eggs (e.g., fried/soft-boiled eggs), the initial level of Salmonella contamination and the log10 reduction due to cooking were the key sources of variability. Important sources of uncertainty varied with both the risk percentile and the food category under consideration. This work adds to previous risk assessments focused on egg production and storage practices, and provides a science-based approach to inform consumer risk communications regarding safe egg handling practices.     

普通话水平测试等级标准的把握与评判原则

本文从对普通话水平测试等级标准的理论支撑分析入手,讨论普通话水平测试等级标准的把握问题,并提出在普通话水平测试中要遵循量化评分与定性评判相结合,确定性与不确定性平衡,缺陷音评判高等级侧重语音物理属性、低等级侧重语音社会属性等评判原则。     

手机短信的社会负面影响及其对策研究

本文针对目前手机短信流行的现状,提出了短信普及的原因;从冗余信息,虚假诈骗性信息,危害国家安全的反动政治信息,恫吓、暴力、凶杀、恐怖或者教唆犯罪信息,淫秽色情信息,破坏性信息等方面分析了不良短信对社会的负面影响;同时从手机运营商、政府、手机制造商和手机用户等四个方面提出了对策。     

固体火箭发动机壳体的模态分析

不稳定燃烧是固体火箭发动机的一种不正常的工作状态,这种不稳定燃烧可使燃烧室压强振荡的振幅达到相当大的量级,使发动机产生强烈的振动,可能使燃烧室壳体或推进剂装药受到破坏,从而引起发动机爆炸.利用大型有限元分析软件AN SY S对固体火箭发动机壳体进行了模态分析,并获得了对其强度和性能影响强烈的频率,此结果对研究固体火箭发动机的动力学特性及不稳定燃烧进行了理论分析、预测和防止压强发生振荡具有重要作用.     

静水压力对加筋壳体振动特性的影响

采用Ｆｌｕｇｇｅ’ｓ壳体理论，对两端简支环加筋壳体在静水压力作用下的振动特性进行了研究，分析了静水压力及其变化对加筋壳体振动特性的影响，探讨了内压、外压及轴向压力对环加筋壳体固有频率的影响．     

磁控RF-SIM卡的设计与实现

在非接触式手机移动支付日益盛行的背景下,结合智能卡、RFID、磁控等技术,提出一种磁控RF-SIM卡的设计和实现模式.该磁控RF-SIM卡由多芯片的硬件架构和多任务、多应用的卡操作系统软件架构组成.它为RF-SIM卡产品带来更大的竞争力,为推动手机移动支付的发展提供了有益的帮助.     

国外手机依赖研究综述

目前国外对手机依赖的概念尚未达成共识；在手机依赖研究对象的选取上主要以青年群体为主，方法也主要采用定量研究；考察了手机依赖和性别、年龄、自尊等八个变量之间的关系；手机依赖的危害涉及生理、心理和社会三个方面，对手机依赖的防范主要从手机本身和教育两方面着手。国外对手机依赖的研究主要从生理和心理的微观层面进行，还缺乏宏观层面的考察。     

手机取证及其应用——以职务犯罪侦查为剖析视角

随着移动通信技术的发展和应用的推广,手机犯罪成为了新的犯罪趋势,手机取证成为打击犯罪的有效手段,在职务犯罪侦查中发挥着重要作用.当前,手机取证技术还不成熟,因电子数据的不稳定性和手机系统软件的特殊性,手机取证在设备配置、软件升级、取证标准、规范,以及技术人员培养等方面还面临着严峻挑战.应对挑战,应当以云技术为基础,在全国范围建立手机取证数据的统一管理平台,设定取证标准、规范,建立有效的机制培养专业取证人才,最终全面提高取证能力.     

媒介融合背景下的摄影手机与手机摄影

本文从手机的数据功能出发,分析研讨了摄影手机在手机发展及摄影大众化历程中的诸多话题,并对手机摄影作为一种新的摄影形态进行了相关论证。     

Evaluation of a Web-Phone Intervention System in Changing Smoking Behavior—A Randomized Controlled Trial

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a web-phone intervention in changing smoking behavior. One hundred and sixteen university student smokers were recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial. Each participant used their own mobile phone to receive messages from an automated web-phone system. After 4 weeks the participants in both the experimental group and comparison group improved on self-efficacy (SE) and stage of change (SOC) toward smoking cessation. After another 5 weeks, their SE remained significantly improved, but SOC did not. Participants in the control group did not improve. The findings provide support for further research on and possible adoption of automated phone interventions as a tool in helping smokers move toward quitting, especially those who are at an earlier stage of change. Dosage in automated interventions was found to be an area requiring future research.