德育“回归生活世界”的超越性价值取向研究

摘要：针对知性德育的弊端,很多学者提出了德育要“回归生活世界”的主张。德育“回归生活世界”的理念一般包括了两种价 值取向：适应生活与超越生活。而在我国关于德育价值取向的大量研究和实践中,最常见的是德育适应性取向的选择和运用, 这使得德育出现了庸俗化、功利化等倾向,忽略了德育本质性的价值取向 — —超越性价值取向,即发挥主体性,建构可能生 活。为此,应正确认识德育适应性和超越性两种价值取向的关系,适度重视和关注德育的超越性价值取向,提升人们的精神境 界和追求     

论卧底侦查中涉罪行为的出罪事由——基于利益衡量理论和期待可能性理论的双层考量

卧底侦查行为并非我国刑事诉讼法规定的法定侦查行为,其规制涉及到对国家权力的合理限制。在卧底侦查活动中,侦查人员经常实施大量的具备犯罪构成形式要件的涉罪行为,理论界对这些涉罪行为的出罪理由存在诸多论争,但现有的各种理论只能对涉罪行为的出罪理由进行一种片面的解读。按照先客观后主观的考察路径,以利益衡量理论和期待可能性理论为基础的双层次评价标准,能够为卧底侦查中涉罪行为的罪与非罪划定合理的界限。     

Asymptotic properties of likelihood ratio test statistics in affected‐sib‐pair analysis

In an affected‐sib‐pair genetic linkage analysis, identical by descent data for affected sib pairs are routinely collected at a large number of markers along chromosomes. Under very general genetic assumptions, the IBD distribution at each marker satisfies the possible triangle constraint. Statistical analysis of IBD data should thus utilize this information to improve efficiency. At the same time, this constraint renders the usual regularity conditions for likelihood‐based statistical methods unsatisfied. In this paper, the authors study the asymptotic properties of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) under the possible triangle constraint. They derive the limiting distribution of the LRT statistic based on data from a single locus. They investigate the precision of the asymptotic distribution and the power of the test by simulation. They also study the test based on the supremum of the LRT statistics over the markers distributed throughout a chromosome. Instead of deriving a limiting distribution for this test, they use a mixture of chi‐squared distributions to approximate its true distribution. Their simulation results show that this approach has desirable simplicity and satisfactory precision.     

可能世界与心理空间

可能世界语义学和心理空间理论是两种比较接近但又各有千秋的语言理论 ,它们在研究对象和研究方法上基本一致 ,不同的是两者在哲学基础和认识论上的对立。前者奉行的是客观主义 ,而后者以经验主义 (或经验现实主义 )作为其哲学基础。经验主义 (或经验现实主义 )与客观主义应该统一起来 ,这样才有利于人类认识水平的提高 ,也才有利于语言学和语言哲学的发展。     

Parent-Child Relationships of Victims and Siblings in Incest Families

Clinical accounts suggest that families in which sexual abuse occurs are characterized by poor parent-child relationships. However, there have been no empirical studies utilizing standardized measures to assess the quality of such relationships. In this study, information on parent-child relationships was obtained for 36 child victims and 41 nonabused siblings in families in which father-child sexual abuse had been acknowledged by the father/perpetrator. Results indicated that child victims reported greater relationship problems with father/perpetrators than with mothers. In addition, victims reported greater relationship difficulties with father/perpetrators than did siblings. There were no differences between father/perpetrator and mother reports of relationship quality for victims and siblings. Victims' self-reported depression and anxiety were associated with father/perpetrators' views of father-child relationships, whereas nonabused siblings' self-reported depression and anxiety were associated with father/perpetrators' views of father-child relationships, whereas nonabused siblings' self-reported depression and anxiety were associated with mothers' views of mother-child relationships.     

低频词在英语词汇构成中的能产性

可能词汇经过实践检验可以转变成实际词汇,但是否所有的可能词汇都会成为实际词汇,一直是语言学家致力研究的问题.研究发现,一般能够转变成实际词汇的词经常都是实际中使用频率比较低的词,即低频词.可以认为低频词在英语构词中的能产率占有比较高的比例,低频词在构成英语新词中的能产性比较强,并且新词的产生及词法化,往往是从低频词开始的.     

预设的主体间性

巴赫金提出了一种基于主体间性的对话主义关系，认为对话具有普遍性，存在于主体内部和主体之间。预设作为社会交际语言中的一部分，也存在着对话关系。预设的本质是一种基于主体间性对话互动的认知交际。语义预设和语用预设分属于不同的交际主体。语义预设的领有主体为说话人；语用预设的领有主体为交际双方。语义预设基于说话人与自身认知域中形成的知识范畴(现实世界、想象世界和特设世界)进行的主体内部对话互动；语用预设基于言语交际中说话人和听话人的主体间性对话互动。     

高校现行教师评价工作中的弊端及对策

由于观念和操作上的偏差,高校现行教师评价工作中存在诸多弊端。本文针对现存的弊端,提出相应的思路和策略,为陷入困境中的高校教师评价提供一些借鉴     

片面共犯研究

片面共犯不是共犯。片面教唆犯不可罚;片面正犯只对自己的行为及结果承担罪责,认定时应注意与帮助犯和先后犯相区别;片面帮助犯是单独的帮助犯,处罚时应考虑其对法益侵害结果的因果力大小,类推适用从犯的规定。     

“反逻辑”修辞中的“可能世界”

文章运用现代逻辑中的“可能世界”理论来分析言语交际中的“反逻辑”修辞现象。从而得出“反逻辑”修辞仅仅是辞面或者形式上的反逻辑,而非真正意义上的违反逻辑。