“I Will Be Out There Every Day Strong!” Protest Policing and Future Activism Among Ferguson and Baltimore Protesters

An established body of literature shows that people engage in protest events for a number of reasons, including grievances, collective identity, increased efficacy, and emotions. However, it is unclear what happens to individuals’ motivation toward protest participation as they experience the reality of repressive policing. This study contributes to the theoretical body of knowledge of protest policing and social movements by investigating the microlevel processes that affect protest participation. Specifically, we build from the insights of previous research by examining how 102 Ferguson and Baltimore protesters with varying levels of commitment—revolutionary, intermittent, tourist—experienced repressive policing and how such tactics affected their subsequent decision to engage in future activism. Our findings suggest that those with the strongest commitment toward protest goals experienced the most repressive tactics, and yet did not seem to be deterred in their motivation to be engaged in future protests. In contrast, while repressive tactics appeared to deter the less committed individuals from street protests, they remained motivated to engage in other forms of civic engagement.     

After the March: Using Instagram to Perform and Sustain the Women's March

The January 2017 Women's March was an example of the paradigmatic March on Washington, part of the repertoire of collective action used by social movements in the United States for decades. Similar marches were held on its first and second anniversary, in January 2018 and January 2019, respectively. One did not need to travel to the nation's capital to participate in these marches, however; activists also organized hundreds of “sister marches” across the United States and internationally. Yet, a sole focus on these one‐day, physical events misses a great deal of activity. In this article, we examine social media activity related to the Women's March on the platform Instagram that was posted well after the 2017 march was over but before the 2018 march was fully planned. We do so to gain purchase on how individuals and organizations use social media to maintain movements between large events. We analyze a systematic sample of Instagram posts from two sources: (1) individual Instagram users’ public posts with the hashtag #womensmarch and (2) posts from the official Instagram account of the Women's March. Conceptualizing these posts as political performances, we use our findings to draw implications for the study of contemporary protest.     

预备行为与实行行为之区分

准确界分预备行为与实行行为，是正确判断故意犯罪的停止形态进而合理认定行为人的刑事责任的前提。对于预备行为与实行行为的区分标准即“着手实行”，应采取形式客观标准和实质客观标准结合说。立足于这一标准，本文侧重探讨了实践中一些性质易混淆的行为的具体认定问题，以期有益于刑事司法。     

公益诉讼原告主体类型的经济学分析

新民事诉讼法第五十五条规定了公益诉讼制度,这表明中国公益诉讼制度的程序大门已经开启。随后《消费者权益保护法》和《环境保护法》将消费者协会和符合法定条件的组织作为法定提起公益诉讼的主体,但检察机关未被明确赋予诉权,公民个体更被置于原告主体范围之外。从法经济学角度来看,有关机关和有关组织单独作为公益诉讼的原告主体都存在局限性,而且仅仅依靠有关机关和有关组织不能完全周延公益诉讼。为了更好地维护好公共利益,建立一种互补的多元制公益诉讼主体模式,使各个主体之间互补有无,将是未来立法的趋势。     

流域管理对环境司法专门化的挑战与启示

我国在上个世纪90年代就开始对水环境和水资源实施流域管理,这也是国际上的通常做法。流域管理突破了人为行政区划的限制,遵循水流的自然规律,是一项庞大的系统工程。但是,我国传统环境司法在处置跨流域环境纠纷上显得力不从心。于是,我国有些地方开始设置环境法庭来应对此类问题。不过,新设立的环境法庭仍然严格恪守行政区划,流域管理不断在管辖范围、环境公益诉讼、专业技术及执行问题上挑战着环境法庭,同时也给了在摸索中前行的环境法庭诸多启发,环境法庭如何在上述诸多方面作出突破,将有助于我国环境司法专门化的构建和完善。     

科技行为选择的前瞻性责任伦理

在目前的科技中性论、科技分别论、科技选择论等争论中,"科技选择论"认为科学家对科技行为的选择总是要承担一定的道德责任的,因而该说较为客观.基于此说,我们有必要对科学家提出一种新的责任意识,即以未来行为为导向的前瞻性责任伦理.明确前瞻性责任意识,科学家要有行为选择的自律精神,社会对科学家也要实行道德法制的他律约束,这在新科技环境下具有重要的操作性意义.     

论诉讼时效制度的二元价值关怀——兼论我国诉讼时效制度的缺失

公益和私权是诉讼时效制度应关注的二元价值。对公益的关注和私权的保护主要是通过科学设计普通诉讼时效期间和合理规定短期时效的适用范围。我国《民法通则》规定的普通诉讼时效期间过短及其短期时效期间的适用范围不当,不利于对私权的保护。     

Tending the Vineyard: Cultivating Political Process Research

Goodwin and Jasper's criticisms of various iterations of political process theory are incorrectly applied to the entire developing paradigm. Their indictment offers a rigid and narrow representation of the theory and rejects the social science enterprise of building theory altogether. At the same time, their criticisms raise important puzzles for scholars working on social movements, particularly about defining opportunities, and studying culture. I answer their criticisms of the theory, acknowledge useful questions and challenges that they offer, and conclude by suggesting an agenda for research on social movements in the future.     

Global Complexity and Global Civil Society

This paper argues that recent struggles against neoliberal axioms such as free trade and open markets have led to a militant reframing of global civil society by grassroots social movements. It contests that this struggle to invest the concept of global civil society with transformative potential rests upon an identifiable praxis, a strange attractor that disturbs other civil society actors, through its re-articulation of a politics that privileges self-organization, direct action, and direct democracy. The paper further suggests that the emergence of this antagonistic orientation is best understood through the lens of complexity theory and offers some conceptual tools to begin the process of analyzing global civil society as an outcome and effect of global complexity.     

明清商人的商业行为与商品经济的矛盾性

明清商人经商或以获取生存所需的基本生活资料为满足,不逐厚利;或以义为追求的最高目标,通过商业活动建立完善的传统道德人格的经济基础;或害怕冲突,隐忍退让,不能有效地保护自己的正当利益。这些都是与商品经济的获利本性及正当利益最大化的要求相冲突的。其产生的外在因素在于明清时期的政治、经济、文化环境,内在因素在于其不逐厚利,以实现对义的最大追求。明清商人的商业行为与商品经济的矛盾性是明清商帮衰落及未能整体转化为近代商人的原因之一。