公务员心理健康与自我调适

近年来,我国社会转型加速,公务员面临的矛盾问题凸显,工作量和工作难度都空前加大,使其普遍感受到较大的心理压力,他们的心理比普通人更容易产生不稳定因素。从心理健康角度出发,研究国家公务员心理健康问题,探讨心理调适的方法,对于提升公务员的素质,提高执政能力具有非常重要的现实意义。     

城市里想飞却飞不高的小鸟——“90后”农民工的心理困惑及解决对策

现如今，“90后”农民工已经成为了农民工群体中的主力军，是新生代农民工的代表。对比老一代农民工，他们身上有着鲜明的特点和对待城市生活全新的态度。当然他们面临着融入城市难的困惑、内心自卑、孤独的困惑和工作能力不足的困惑等。力求挖掘“90后”农民工身上的特点，分析其内心存在的困惑，进而提出相应的解决对策，让他们在城市里的生活更加充满希望。     

孔子的心理调适策略及对教师的启示

孔子以丰厚的学识修养锻炼出成熟丰富的心理调适策略:树立崇高的价值取向;构建学习型生活方式;培养高雅的生活情趣;固守正确的交友观念;保持幽默的人生态度。这些策略对当代教师具有重要的借鉴意义。     

论心理文化指导下的学生干部管理体系建设

学生干部在高校学生管理中扮演着重要的角色,学生干部既是学生的一部分又是学生中的管理者,身份特殊且重要。因此,提升高校学生干部管理水平,构建完善的学生干部管理体系十分必要。注重从心理文化的角度,即采用内在的激励方式对学生干部管理工作进行激励已成为许多高校管理者的共识,而心理契约作为一个心理文化指导下的新的管理理念便担此重任,发挥着其在学生干部管理体系建设中的重要作用。在本文中,笔者以激发学生干部工作热情及工作积极性为目的,侧重从心理契约的角度对高校学生干部管理现状及如何进一步构建学生干部管理体系进行探讨。     

Strategies for fostering basic psychological needs support in high quality youth leadership programs

Youth leadership programming has become an increasingly common context to foster basic psychological needs and promote youth development. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore strategies involved in fostering youth needs support within six leadership programs. Two leaders and 30 youth participated in semi-structured interviews to better understand the strategies used to foster needs support. Findings revealed that leaders were able to foster a sense of relatedness among youth through building trusting adult-youth relationships and nurturing an inclusive environment. Maximizing choice and negotiating youth voice helped to foster youth’s autonomy. Finally, creating a task-oriented climate and providing intentional opportunities for skill-building helped to foster youth’s competence. Findings suggest that training for leaders is critical in understanding what, and how strategies should be employed to help foster youth needs support in leadership programming. Limitations and future directions are outlined.     

Socio-psychological barriers for peace making and ideas to overcome them / Barreras sociopsicológicas para la paz e ideas para superarlas

Intensive and violent intergroup conflicts that rage in different parts of the world are real. These conflicts center over disagreements focusing on contradictory goals and interests in different domains and must be addressed in conflict resolution. It is well known that the disagreements could potentially be resolved if not the powerful socio-psychological barriers which fuel and maintain the conflicts. These barriers inhibit and impede progress towards peaceful settlement of the conflict. They stand as major obstacles to begin the negotiation, to continue the negotiation, to achieve an agreement and later to engage in a process of reconciliation. These barriers are found among both leaders and society members that are involved in vicious, violent and protracted intergroup conflicts. They pertain to the integrated operation of cognitive, emotional and motivational processes, combined with a pre-existing repertoire of rigid supporting beliefs, world views and emotions that result in selective, biased and distorted information processing. This processing obstructs and inhibits the penetration of new information that can potentially contribute to facilitating progress in the peace-making process. The paper elaborates on the nature of the socio-psychological barriers and proposes preliminary ideas of how to overcome them. These ideas focus on the unfreezing process which eventually may lead to cessation of adherence to the repertoire that supports the continuation of the conflict, its evaluation and arousal of the readiness to entertain of alternative beliefs that support peace making.     

Young people's views of the outcomes of non-formal education in youth organisations: its effects on human,social and psychological capital,employability and employment

This article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the role of youth organisations in enhancing the employability of young people through the development of different forms of capital: human, social and psychological. Instead of asking questions about who access extra-curricular activities that may provide young people with positional advantages in the labour market and the class biases that arise in access, the article explores whether the benefits obtained from participation vary by socio-economic background. We make use of the Youth organisations and employability (YOE) database, which contains data from over 1000 young people in more than 40 European countries on the effects of involvement in youth organisations on different forms of capital: human, social and psychological. We find positive effects of involvement on all three forms of capital. The analysis suggests that the characteristics of the involvement in youth organisations are better predictors of its outcomes than are personal characteristics, and find no significant effects of socio-economic background on the reported benefits of participation in our sample. Policy implications are derived from these findings, calling for greater policy support to increase opportunities for the involvement of young people from lower socio-economic backgrounds in youth organisations and for better informing young people of the benefits of sustained involvement with youth organisations.     

Psychological Well‐Being and Career Indecision in Emerging Adulthood: The Moderating Role of Hardiness

This study investigated the moderating role of hardiness in the relationship between psychological well‐being (PWB) and career indecision in 131 never‐employed Italian emerging adults. Cluster analytic methods produced high and low hardiness profiles. A structural equation modeling analysis underscored the importance of hardiness for moderating the negative association between PWB and career indecision. Specifically, findings revealed that being hardy is a crucial relevant personal resource in the presence of lower levels of PWB. The authors discuss the importance of analyzing simultaneously the role of PWB and hardiness in promoting engagement in the career decision‐making process and provide implications for setting up appropriate career counseling interventions with emerging adults. Suggestions for future research are presented, such as the use of longitudinal designs and qualitative methods.     

隐秘灵魂的自我剖析与展示——解读鲁迅《野草》的色彩意象

翻开《野草》,全篇色彩瑰丽奇幻,红色、白色、黑色、青色……构成了《野草》艺术世界中独特的色彩意象体系.鲁迅笔下象征性色彩形象的选择和色彩意境的营造,不仅展示出特定历史时期自然与社会的风貌,而且传达出作者在这一时期内心深处的体验和感受.     

21世纪大学生心理压力探析

本文认为 ,当今大学生的心理压力主要有 3种 :大学生活的压力、个人成长的压力和社会大环境的压力。大学生活的压力包括适应的压力、学业的压力和集体生活的压力 ;个人成长的压力包括人际成长的压力、自我完善的压力、与性和爱情有关的成长压力 ;社会大环境的压力包括就业的压力、社会对人才的高要求压力和经济压力。指出进行压力处理的心理健康教育十分重要。