《八月之光》的空间批评解读

《八月之光》以美国南方封闭守旧的杰佛生镇为背景,作为福克纳独创“约克纳帕塔法”世系的坐标因子,该地理空间延续着内战的精神创伤,铺设了种族歧视与迫害的温床。空间批评学聚焦空间的社会文化属性,文学文本空间成为内含多维指涉意义的指示系统。运用列斐伏尔的“空间三元辩证法”,从物理、心理以及社会空间3个层面展开探索,通过主人公乔·克里斯默斯的视角投射出该地理空间下黑白聚居区的冲突与碰撞,个人心理空间中疑似“黑白混血儿”的主体意识的坍塌及白人主导的社会空间对“无身份”种族的围剿。     

中国优秀学术论文急速外流的原因及应对策略

通过对2014年中国SCI和SSCI学术论文外流情况的统计,当前学术论文外流的严重情况被全面和具体地呈现出来。通过系统梳理学术论文外流的相关研究,一方面从国家对论文外流缺乏宏观引导、科研考核机制刺激优秀论文外流、我国缺乏具有国际影响力的期刊以及国内期刊运作机制与国际化水平尚待提升4个方面揭示学术论文外流的具体原因;另一方面从宏观层面提出加强国家引导、集中优势资源打造国际顶级期刊、调整科研绩效考评政策、深化期刊体制改革、设立国内科技论文评奖机制5个方面的应对措施。     

福州市幼儿教师心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

采用SCL-90症状自评量表,对福州市6所幼儿园的151名幼儿教师进行测试,探讨幼儿教师心理健康状况,结果表明：心理健康水平显著低于全国成人常模;心理健康问题检出率排前三位的依次是强迫症状、抑郁、躯体化;公办园幼儿教师的心理健康状况差于民办园幼儿教师;不同学历、不同年龄、不同月收入的幼儿教师心理健康状况差别不显著;教龄高的幼儿教师心理健康状况差于教龄低的幼儿教师;对自己的收入越满意、对职业越喜欢、职业满意度越高、职业幸福感越高,则心理健康水平倾向于越高。     

残疾人心理健康服务需求的调查分析

本研究使用自编残疾人心理健康服务需求问卷,对864个残疾人进行施测,旨在调查和了解我国残疾人心理健康服务需求的现状,为残疾人心理健康服务体系的建设提供依据。结果表明：超过1／3的残疾人对自身的心理健康水平评价较低,68．4％的残疾人认为心理健康很重要,90．2％的残疾人认为接受心理健康服务很重要,说明残疾人对心理健康服务的认识和接纳程度较高,需求意愿强烈。在具体的服务目标方面,24．5％的残疾人期望通过心理健康服务能够使家庭生活幸福,21．2％的人希望获得良好的社会适应,19．7％的人希望达到人际和谐。服务内容方面,44．7％的人选择了对家庭婚姻问题的心理咨询,39．7％的人选择了提供心理保健知识。在心理服务形式方面,39．9％的人选择求助兼职或专业的心理咨询人员,28．8％的受访者选择了从朋友家人那里寻求支持,而剩余31．4％的受访者选择了什么也不做或自己解决。在具体的形式方面,41．4％的人选择了求助心理热线,38．2％的人选择了专业心理咨询。在选择机构方面,以社区服务站和社区的主页心理服务机构为主,分别占25．5％和25．3％。调查还表明现实生活中残疾人心理健康服务的开展力度较弱。     

幼儿园心理健康课程现状调查

在幼儿心理健康被高度重视的背景下,通过对河北省幼儿园心理健康课程的问卷调查,发现幼儿园心理健康课程实施中存在三大突出问题,课程地位边缘化、内容设置混乱化和责任主体模糊化。针对现状中暴露出的问题,应抓住教育主体的综合素质、配套资源的系统开发和主体责任的评价机制等关键因素提出建设性对策,以期对幼儿园心理健康课程实施提供指导。     

港台学校社会工作体系及其对心理健康学校社会工作保障系统研究的启示

在我国大陆地区迄今缺乏心理健康学校社会工作的专门研究,但港台地区关于学校社会工作体系及其研究却包含着心理健康的部分内容,并且初步形成了各自的特色;通过对港台地区学校社会工作体系现状、趋势和特点的系统梳理与探讨,可以为大陆构建大中学生心理健康学校社会工作保障系统及其研究提供借鉴和启示.     

浅析牟宗三哲学中道体、性体与心体的逻辑构架

道体、性体和心体是牟宗三道德本体论构建的核心概念,是牟宗三构建＂道德形上学＂的理论支点。道体是形而上的根据,是牟宗三道德本体论的逻辑前提,性体是从道体养成心体的必要环节,是不同主体成德的内在根据,心体是具体化的性体,是在社会实践中培养起来的道德之心,是人性的具体体现。因此,只有从道体、心体与性体之间的内在逻辑关系出发,才能从先验的层面上理解牟宗三的＂道德形上学＂成为可能。     

The family caregiving context among adults with disabilities: A review of the research on developmental disabilities,serious mental illness,and traumatic brain injury

ABSTRACT

A majority of adults with serious disabilities are cared for in the home by family members. Guided by an ecological framework, this article presents the findings of a literature review of research on family caregiving and family support for adults with disabilities. This review included 33 research studies published between 2000 and 2015 focused on three disabilities: Developmental disabilities, serious mental illnesses, and traumatic brain injury. A synthesis of the findings underscores the critical role that family caregivers occupy in addressing the needs of their loved one with a disability; however, the needs of the caregiver are insufficiently met by existing service approaches. A better understanding of the unique needs and strengths of the family support context of caregivers and care recipients is needed, giving greater attention to ethnic, racial, and cultural considerations in future research.     

Stakeholder Perspectives on Children's Mental Health Needs and Supports in Six Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries

Low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC) are faced with disproportionately high levels of unmet child mental health needs. This study explored through interviews the perspectives of 17 inter‐agency service stakeholders from Brazil, Indonesia, Kenya, Pakistan, Rwanda and Turkey on existing supports and challenges. Four themes emerged on the holistic nature of children's mental health needs linked with disadvantage; limited resources and skilled workforce; stigma; and strategies for future implementation, including awareness, parental engagement, skills‐based programmes and cultural adaptation. Stakeholder input is essential in conceptualising, developing and evaluating culturally appropriate interventions for vulnerable children in LMIC.     

“Know What to Do If You Encounter a Flash Flood”: Mental Models Analysis for Improving Flash Flood Risk Communication and Public Decision Making

Understanding how people view flash flood risks can help improve risk communication, ultimately improving outcomes. This article analyzes data from 26 mental models interviews about flash floods with members of the public in Boulder, Colorado, to understand their perspectives on flash flood risks and mitigation. The analysis includes a comparison between public and professional perspectives by referencing a companion mental models study of Boulder‐area professionals. A mental models approach can help to diagnose what people already know about flash flood risks and responses, as well as any critical gaps in their knowledge that might be addressed through improved risk communication. A few public interviewees mentioned most of the key concepts discussed by professionals as important for flash flood warning decision making. However, most interviewees exhibited some incomplete understandings and misconceptions about aspects of flash flood development and exposure, effects, or mitigation that may lead to ineffective warning decisions when a flash flood threatens. These include important misunderstandings about the rapid evolution of flash floods, the speed of water in flash floods, the locations and times that pose the greatest flash flood risk in Boulder, the value of situational awareness and environmental cues, and the most appropriate responses when a flash flood threatens. The findings point to recommendations for ways to improve risk communication, over the long term and when an event threatens, to help people quickly recognize and understand threats, obtain needed information, and make informed decisions in complex, rapidly evolving extreme weather events such as flash floods.