Research newsnotes

The authors describe the curricular changes made as part of a 20-year commitment by Smith College School for Social Work (SCSSW), a graduate school with a clinical social work specialization, to become an antiracism institution. Unaware of precedents, faculty, administration, and students needed to develop structures and processes to confront inherent institutional racism at the SCSSW. In addition to multiple administrative actions, every aspect of the curriculum was reevaluated, leading to changes in courses offered and everything about them, from syllabi to pedagogy, as well as how faculty are trained and supported. The authors found that explicit and implicit curriculum must work together in intentional and synchronous ways. Critical intention across design, implementation, evaluation, accountability, and openness to process is emphasized here. They conclude that an antiracism commitment requires continuous engagement, connection, challenge, learning, and teaching and a curriculum that is fluid, flexible, proactive, and responsive.     

European‐American and African‐American Mothers' Emotion Socialization Practices Relate Differently to Their Children's Academic and Social‐emotional Competence

The current study examines whether the relation between mothers' responses to their children's negative emotions and teachers' reports of children's academic performance and social‐emotional competence are similar or different for European‐American and African‐American families. Two hundred mothers (137 European‐American, 63 African‐American) reported on their responses to their five‐year‐old children's negative emotions and 150 kindergarten teachers reported on these children's current academic standing and skillfulness with peers. Problem‐focused responses to children's negative emotions, which have traditionally been considered a supportive response, were positively associated with children's school competence for European‐American children, but expressive encouragement, another response considered supportive, was negatively associated with children's competence for African‐American children. The findings highlight the need to examine parental socialization practices from a culturally specific lens.     

试论中国社团的“官办”特性——路径依赖分析

新制度经济学中的路径依赖理论认为,路径依赖的产生源于旧体制中既得利益集团的阻挠和非正式制度安排的影响,而打破"锁定"状态除了从自身寻求出路外,往往还要借助于外部效应。这一理论对于解释中国社团的官办特性具有较强的适用性。中国社团的官办特性说到底是计划体制下的一种路径依赖,倘若对造成社团官办特性的种种路径依赖因素进行有意识的制度创新,将有助于减少路径依赖的负面影响,使我国的社团更能朝着良性的轨迹发展。     

社会环境观在连续体文体分析中的应用——基于《高级英语》的案例分析

用韩礼德的社会环境观分析连续体文体《高级英语》，既可以加深对《高级英语》的认识，又能探索出一条区别于语言描写的连续体文体分析之路。分析过程表明：社会环境观的研究角度独特，研究结果见地深刻，且操作性强，但与语言描写法相比，其产生的结论较为宏观，故在日常的研究中，两种方法应结合起来使用，以相辅相成，互作补充。     

美国社会教育对我国大学生人格教育的启示

美国社会教育机构注重学习世界先进国家发展社会教育的成功经验,调动当地社区居民参与社会教育的积极性,充分利用各级学校教育机构的设施和师资兴办社会教育,根据当地社区居民的需求变化及时调整社会教育的内容,把文化知识教育与职业技术教育结合,注重对当地居民进行美国化的教育和采用灵活多样的教学方式和先进的教育教学手段进行教学,注意使社会教育为提高当地社区居民的生活质量服务,也对青少年健康人格起了巨大推进作用。可以借鉴美国社会教育的历史经验,加强对大学生人格培养具有重要意义的社会教育的发展。     

Social Change and Social Policy in China: National Adaptation to Global Challenge

As a part of designed human intervention against social problems, social policy has to respond and adapt to social changes. In this article, the author aims to discuss social changes that occurred in the past decade in China (including economic, demographic, and cultural changes) and relate them to relevant social policies formulated by the Chinese government to address the concerned social issues. To interpret the roles of the state, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and the community in tackling social problems in the changing context of the market economy and globalization, the author attempts to provide a theoretical explanation on the emergence of social policy in China in a new era and to further re-assess the concept of the welfare regime in East Asian countries.     

医务社会工作者的角色及审美要求

医务社会工作职业化进程的进一步加快，要求其从业人员具备更高的专业修养以及更美的职业形象。在工作过程中，对医务社会工作者有一定的审美要求，主要体现在人格美、行为关、语言美和仪表美四个方面。     

Japanese Children's Reasoning about Conflicts with Parents

Ninety-five Japanese children (aged 6–12) were interviewed using hypothetical stories to examine their reasoning about parent–child conflicts. Participants were most likely to reject parental authority and to support child's discretion in conflict situations where the parent interfered in the child's personal choice and gave the child commands that violated moral and conventional principles. However, participants were most likely to accept parental authority when the child's wish conflicted with the parent's moral concern. Participants' reasoning was more varied when the child's wish went against the parent's conventional demand. Consistent with their cultural values, participants considered harmonious relationships in evaluating conventional and personal conflicts, but not moral conflicts. Age differences were observed in the endorsement of personal choice. Results suggest that children do not simply act upon their cultural values but also show resistance to parental authority for reasons beyond meeting selfish needs and form differentiated judgments about parent–child conflicts.     

西部民族地区社会资本与生态文明建设

从西部民族地区生态文明建设所面临的困难与障碍出发，利用社会资本分析范式，从西部民族地区社会资本对变革生产方式的推动作用、对降低政府管理成本的作用、对提升生态意识的作用等几方面来分析社会资本对推动西部民族地区生态文明建设的积极意义：     

The Northeast-Northwest Collaborative Adoption Project

SUMMARY

One of the exciting new directions in family research is the examination of shared and nonshared environmental processes underlying the learning of cognitive, literacy, and social-behavioral skills. The adoption design is a powerful method for testing theories regarding environmental mechanisms. In this paper, we describe the Northeast-Northwest Collaborative Adoption Project (N2CAP), an ongoing adoption study in which we are examining the role of parenting environments generally, and parent-child relationships more specifically, in the development of cognitive, reading and social-emotional outcomes in childhood. The goal of this study is to identify environmental influences that impact children's cognitive and social-emotional development using a genetically sensitive design, and to further the development of models of genotype-environment processes.