基于地产标准化开发模式下建筑个性探究

伴随房地产市场格局的变化,地产标准化时代已经来到。分析了地产标准化开发模式的重要意义,探究了地产标准化带来的问题,即标准化导致建筑个性的缺失,并提出问题的解决对策,在地产标准化开发中应引入模块化思想,通过建筑模块化设计实现建筑的个性化。     

高校图书馆赠书业务流程规范化探析

赠书是高校图书馆充实馆藏的重要渠道之一,为规范高校图书馆的赠书管理,研究者着眼于赠书业务工作流程的每一个环节,对赠书管理制度建设、 赠书接收登记反馈、 验收编目、 典藏入库、 利用率统计反馈等五个方面进行了探讨,并以上海理工大学图书馆为例,总结了赠书工作的实践经验,以期与业内同仁共勉。     

Fertility transition in a rural,Catholic population: Bavaria, 1880–1910

The decline of human fertility that occurred in Europe and North America in the nineteenth century, and elsewhere in the twentieth, remains a topic of debate largely because there is no accepted explanation for the event. This paper uses district-level data from Bavaria to study the correlates of the decline of fertility in that German kingdom in the nineteenth century. Bavaria's fertility transition was later and less dramatic than in other parts of Germany. Our results for Bavaria indicate that the European Fertility Project was right about the role of religion and secularization, but missed an important role for the economic and structural effects stressed by economic historians.     

普通高校成人教育规范化管理探究

举办成人高等教育是我国普通高校的基本任务之一,经历了初步形成、恢复调整、改革发展和开拓创新四个阶段。从我国普通高校成人教育的历史发展和作用出发,探讨普通高校成人教育的现状及存在问题,并进行成因分析,最后提出普通高校成人教育规范化管理的新思考。     

生产传播视域下“饭圈”文化发展的现实困境与发展策略

网络媒体飞速发展,丰富文化传播途径,以追星为中心表征的“饭圈”文化悄然在网络互联时代崛起,并以三级文本的形式繁衍生产,辅以符号生产力和声明生产力划定圈层。规范式传播、仪式化传播形成加深粉丝群体的情感认同,形成“饭圈”文化社群运作的核心。选取“饭圈”文化的生产及传播视角进行研究发现,“饭圈”文化在丰富大众生活和促进经济发展等方面起到了一定积极作用,同时也面临流量背后的集体无意识、狂欢下的群体性孤独,情感给养下的数字劳工化,乌托邦式的信息茧房等困境。为此,聚焦“饭圈”文化发展的现实问题,探究“饭圈”文化的良性发展策略,通过主流文化、制度监管、平台偶像和粉丝的主体作用,促进“饭圈”文化朝着健康的方向演进,延长“饭圈”文化产业链,推动文化产业的健康有序发展。     

家庭式托育服务体系规范化发展国际经验及启示

家庭式托育服务作为西方国家托育服务体系的重要组成部分,有效缓解了机构式托育服务供给侧问题。英国、澳大利亚、美国、日本四国家庭式托育服务体系具有相对完善的管理规范和监督制度,具体体现在登记管理、人员配备、场地设施、服务内容、监督管理五方面制度及相关标准构建等方面。目前我国家庭式托育机构以“三无身份”存在着,准入标准以及管理规范均处于缺位状态。因此,可以借鉴四国在家庭式托育服务体系构建方面的先行经验,构建中国特色的家庭式托育服务体系：首先要明确行政主管部门,优化注册流程;其次制定适宜的家庭式托育点设置标准,满足地方需要;再有建立监管与评估体系,保障家庭式托育的服务质量;最后加强职前在职培训,提高家庭式托育服务的师资水平。     

A simple least squares method for estimating a change in mean

A simple least squares method for estimating a change in mean of a sequence of independent random variables is studied. The method first tests for a change in mean based on the regression principle of constrained and unconstrained sums of squares. Conditionally on a decision by this test that a change has occurred, least squares estimates are used to estimate the change point, the initial mean level (prior to the change point) and the change itself. The estimates of the initial level and change are functions of the change point estimate. All estimates are shown to be consistent, and those for the initial level and change are shown to be asymptotically jointly normal. The method performs well for moderately large shifts (one standard deviation or more), but the estimates of the initial level and change are biased in a predictable way for small shifts. The large sample theory is helpful in understanding this problem. The asymptotic distribution of the change point estimator is obtained for local shifts in mean, but the case of non-local shifts appears analytically intractable.     

学生标准化病人在临床专业学位研究生培养中的应用

认识标准化病人（SP）和学生标准化病人（SSP）的内涵,阐述SSP的优点和培训的方案、方法,进而说明SSP较SP具有经济、实用和操作性强等优点,这些预示着SSP的应用对我国医学高等教育产生深远的影响。     

Parametric and nonparametric methods for confidence intervals and sample size planning for win probability in parallel-group randomized trials with Likert item and Likert scale data

Data on the Likert scale are ubiquitous in medical research, including randomized trials. Statistical analysis of such data may be conducted using the means of raw scores or the rank information of the scores. In the context of parallel-group randomized trials, we quantify treatment effects by the probability that a subject in the treatment group has a better score than (or a win over) a subject in the control group. Asymptotic parametric and nonparametric confidence intervals for this win probability and associated sample size formulas are derived for studies with only follow-up scores, and those with both baseline and follow-up measurements. We assessed the performance of both the parametric and nonparametric approaches using simulation studies based on real studies with Likert item and Likert scale data. The simulation results demonstrate that even without baseline adjustment, the parametric methods did not perform well, in terms of bias, interval coverage percentage, balance of tail error, and assurance of achieving a pre-specified precision. In contrast, the nonparametric approach performed very well for both the unadjusted and adjusted win probability. We illustrate the methods with two examples: one using Likert item data and the other using Like scale data. We conclude that non-parametric methods are preferable for two-group randomization trials with Likert data. Illustrative SAS code for the nonparametric approach using existing procedures is provided.