角色危机与社会紧张:民国时期北平平民自杀样本研究

通过考察民国时期北平平民自杀样本的档案,初步分析了自杀者的分类及原因,揭示了北京在民国时期近代化和转型过程中所产生的各种社会矛盾,并从微观的角度展示了当时北平城市基层社会的生活结构。     

Income,deprivation and economic stress in the enlarged European Union

At risk of poverty indicators based on relative income measures suggest that within the enlarged EU societies located at quite different points on a continuum of affluence have similar levels of poverty. Substantial differences in levels of income between societies do not in themselves invalidate this approach. However, the relative income approach fails to capture the fact that, if countries are grouped in terms of level of GDP, between economic cluster differences in life-style deprivation are sharper at lower income levels. Support for the argument relating to restricted reference groups is found in relation to the contrast between the twelve most affluent EU countries and all others. The limitations of relative income poverty lines have little to do with the process of enlargement as such. Instead the major problem involves the weak association between income and deprivation in the more affluent countries. However, as a consequence of such difficulties, such indicators do not provide entirely meaningful comparisons of levels of disadvantage across economic clusters. The current analysis, rather than supporting the alternative of a focus on absolute income or an EU wide poverty line, suggests that we should take the argument for adopting a multidimensional approach to the measurement of poverty more seriously.     

三个代表"是一脉相承和与时俱进的科学理论——学习江泽民同志十六大报告的几点理论思考

"三个代表"思想,既具有一脉相承的理论品质,又具有与时俱进的理论品质,是一脉相承性和与时俱进性相统一的当代中国的马克思主义最新理论成果。它同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论,在理论来源、理论品质、理论宗旨、理论要务上,坚持了一脉相承和与时俱进的辩证统一。在新的历史条件下,坚持"三个代表"思想,就是坚持马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论。     

Double machine operation and psychological strain

This study examines the effects of double machine operation on psychological strain. CNC drilling machine operators' reactions to their job were monitored as they rotated between three different work conditions; single machine operation, double machine operation, and double machine operation with additionally high responsibility for products. Results show no effect of double machine operation on strain where responsibility was low. Double machine operation under the condition of high responsibility, however, was found to increase strain.     

大断面连拱隧道暗挖工法数值模拟研究

浅埋双连拱隧道开挖分部及支护措施繁多,围岩与结构相互作用关系复杂,地表沉降及围岩变形特性与经典沉降槽理论相差较大,工法选择以经验判断为主。针对上述问题,以石家庄六线隧道下穿既有石太直通线双连拱隧道为工程背景,运用有限元分析软件,建立平面应变数值仿真模型,分析三种工法条件下围岩应力、塑性区发展、支护结构内力及地表沉降的特征及规律,为以后类似的工程设计及施工提供借鉴、参考。     

Grid-group cultural theory and the causal mechanism approach as requisite partners. Explaining enforcement decisions in West European labor inspection

As street-level bureaucrats, labor inspectors enjoy much autonomy and discretion in the performance of their job. To avoid this freedom being abused, two measures are often taken. First, supervisors keep oversight by inspecting case files. Second, labor inspectors are subjected to a competitive system of targets that encourages competition. These two measures resemble two subtypes of organizational control in grid-group cultural theory, respectively hierarchical and individualistic control. The impact of both types of control has been analyzed in an ethnographic case study in four field organizations of West European labor inspection. The overarching grid-group cultural theory framework was particularly valuable to illustrate how tensions between hierarchical and individualistic control lead to inconsistencies in the enforcement styles that labor inspectors apply. However, it did not seem sufficient to explain why labor inspectors apply a hierarchical enforcement style in some investigations and an individualistic enforcement style in others. This paper illustrates how the integration of grid-group cultural theory with two middle-range theories in the causal mechanism approach (i.e. moral disengagement and role strain theory) could provide such proximate explanations and thus strengthen the explanatory power of grid-group cultural theory.     

巴里·布赞与英国学派

巴里·布赞并不认为自己属于英国学派或其他什么学派,但却成了公认的英国学派新一代的领军人物。挑战美国主流国际关系理论学派的经历和建树使他享有极高的国际声誉,对多元方法论的遵从又使他能与英国学派的学统交融。他的视野和成就使他无论在美国主流国际关系理论界还是在英国学派的理论家中都能独树一帜,同时也使他成为“重聚”英国学派的理想人选。他属于英国学派,但也是美国主流国际关系理论体系中的一部分。他实际上早已经超越了一个学派的限制,并一直以这样一种方式前行。     

平面应变和三维方法分析洞室开挖问题的探讨

对地下洞室群开挖过程中塑性区出现的先后及分布范围大小的问题进行了专门的探讨,从理论上分析了应用三维有限元方法得出的塑性区分布小于应用二维有限元方法得出的塑性区的原因．     

“山寨文化”兴起的原因与启示

“山寨文化”的兴起是我国经济社会发展的必然,有多方面的原因。“山寨文化”具有两面性,对社会发展正负面影响兼而有之,价值判断应视具体情况而定。“山寨文化”的兴起表明,主流文化正面临重大挑战,加强社会主义核心价值体系建设任重而道远;体制外的各类民间文化在不断的生长、发展,已经成为一股重要力量。