小说中人物话语的表达方式及其翻译

由于汉英语言在人物话语的表达方式上的差异,需要译者结合语境,选择译语中最恰当的引语表达形式,将原文引语表达出的特定文体效果恰到好处地在译文中体现出来,忠实再现人物语言或叙述者语言的风格特征。本文结合汉英、英汉翻译实践,探讨了小说中人物话语表达方式的翻译。     

Fiscal Foresight and Information Flows

News—or foresight—about future economic fundamentals can create rational expectations equilibria with non‐fundamental representations that pose substantial challenges to econometric efforts to recover the structural shocks to which economic agents react. Using tax policies as a leading example of foresight, simple theory makes transparent the economic behavior and information structures that generate non‐fundamental equilibria. Econometric analyses that fail to model foresight will obtain biased estimates of output multipliers for taxes; biases are quantitatively important when two canonical theoretical models are taken as data generating processes. Both the nature of equilibria and the inferences about the effects of anticipated tax changes hinge critically on hypothesized information flows. Different methods for extracting or hypothesizing the information flows are discussed and shown to be alternative techniques for resolving a non‐uniqueness problem endemic to moving average representations.     

批评语言学视域下的英语新闻语篇文体分析

自诞生之初,现代语言学就在不断巩固着自己的学科地位。也正因为如此,它在方法论上一直受到行为主义和实证主义的影响。语言学者一定要对语言的社会功能以及语言学的作用有一个新的认识,开始对大众语篇进行必要的批评性分析。批评语言学是对语言与权力,意识形态之间相互关系的研究。新闻语篇常常在表达意识形态方面,有着一定的优势特征。文章选取美国玩具公司召回"中国制造"的新闻中《华盛顿邮报》与《纽约时报》的相关报道作为语料,不同于传统方法,选择以语境和语篇形式结构特征作为切入点进行批评性分析,进而分析语言,权力以及意识形态之间相互关系,提出有意义的研究视角。     

Multiply robust matching estimators of average and quantile treatment effects

Propensity score matching has been a long-standing tradition for handling confounding in causal inference, however, requiring stringent model assumptions. In this article, we propose novel double score matching (DSM) utilizing both the propensity score and prognostic score. To gain the protection of possible model misspecification, we posit multiple candidate models for each score. We show that the debiasing DSM estimator achieves the multiple robustness property in that it is consistent if any one of the score models is correctly specified. We characterize the asymptotic distribution for the DSM estimator requiring only one correct model specification based on the martingale representations of the matching estimators and theory for local normal experiments. We also provide a two-stage replication method for variance estimation and extend DSM for quantile estimation. Simulation demonstrates DSM outperforms single-score matching and prevailing multiply robust weighting estimators in the presence of extreme propensity scores.     

Locking down adolescents: Victims,irresponsible subjects,or just social actors

The article presents the results of a qualitative study investigating the experiences of a sample of Italian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were analysed in the light of the two social representations (adolescents as criminals and as victims) that permeated the Italian public debate throughout the outbreak. The findings showed the ability of boys and girls in dealing with the relationships altered by the pandemic constraints and in adapting to different regulations. This demonstrated their competence as social actors, neither criminals nor victims, who were also able to cope with the coronavirus risk in safeguarding their significant others.     

影像代偿:好莱坞电影中“精英黑人”的影像表征

影像转向的语境下，影像开始替代口头语言和文字成为受众认知世界的主要媒介。但即便是影像，也并非一定是对现实的客观再现。作为“造梦”装置的电影，以影像作为主要的表现手段，极具逼真效果，极易被误认为“现实”。在部分好莱坞电影中，黑人形象已经摆脱了早期的缺位状态或者刻板形象，更多以“精英黑人”的形象出现。但这种精英化的影像表征不一定是真实的。事实上，电影通过指涉现实等方式，消解了虚拟影像与现实之间的边界，使“精英黑人”的电影形象变得逼真和普遍，掩盖了黑人群体在现实中的真实社会地位。进而，电影作为一种影像层面的代偿，通过涵化观众的认知，在一定程度上戏剧性地消解了现实中的社会和阶级矛盾。     

基于语料库的白睿文译者风格探究

基于刘宓庆的翻译风格标记理论，结合语料库量性分析方法，从形式标记和非形式标记两方面探究白睿文的四部译本是否具有较显著的相同点，即是否具有他个人的译者风格。研究发现，白睿文的译本具有较鲜明的译者风格，主要体现为：译文用词简单常见；译本的遣词造句更能突出英语源语文本的特点；中英文做到句句对应，习惯于拆分长句；主题集中于家愁国难。     

彼岸再现与民族自志：访美学人张其昀及其《旅美见闻录》

研究近代留美或赴美群体，各类游美见闻手册是不可或缺的重要历史档案，它们是了解访美学人主体意识的一扇十分重要的窗口，也是访美学人主体发声的重要渠道及意见传播平台。1946年，张其昀根据他在美国期间的见闻，出版了《旅美见闻录》。该书深切地体现出作者在抗战时期对民族国家复兴的所思所感，再现了美国形象。同时，张其昀对其在美生活访学历程的相关探讨，形成了一套基于赴美学人自身价值观的对西方社会文化的认知，也建构了一个访美学人视野中美国访学生活的独特面貌。