略论我国民事诉讼中的案件受理费问题

诉讼费用与其说是一个理论问题,更是一个关乎当事人诉权保障、社会对司法正义接近程度的重要实践问题。文章从规范层面、实务操作层面以及大陆法系国家的相关立法层面分析、揭示了我国民事诉讼案件受理费存在的缺陷,并试图探讨其改革之路。     

自然科学发展的分叉--锯齿规律

自然科学发展分叉--跃迁规律是描述科学范式之间相互联系的规律.分叉是指前后相继的科学范式具有继承关系,这种关系有两种情况一是相容性联系;二是相交性的积累联系.跃迁是指前后相继的科学范式之间不仅没有任何继承关系,而且它们对同一自然现象的解释完全不同,二者不可通越,它们按照各自的思路构建科学范式.自然科学以这两种基本联系方式发展.     

Some imputation methods to compensate with non-response for estimation of population mean in two-occasion successive sampling

Abstract

Non-response is an unavoidable phenomenon in almost all sample survey, and if it is not dealt carefully at the very starting of the analysis, results may lead to significant biases in the survey estimates. Keeping these facts in mind and inspired by the work of Singh (2009 Singh, S. 2009. A new method of imputation in survey sampling. Statistics 43 (5):499–511. doi:10.1080/02331880802605114.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), this article suggests some alternative efficient methods to deal with the missing data problems at the beginning of the analysis and proposes estimation procedures of the current population mean in two-occasion successive sampling. The properties of the resultant estimation procedures have been examined and supplemented with empirical studies. Results have been critically analyzed, and recommendations are made to the survey practitioners.     

Estimation of population mean in successive sampling under super-population model in presence of random non response situations

The present work is an attempt to estimate the population mean on the current occasion in two-occasion successive (rotation) sampling in presence of random non response situations. The estimation strategy has been constructed under a super-population model design approach with the help of imputation technique. The estimators proposed on the current occasion cover the cases of occurrences random non responses on either of the occasions. Detail behaviors of the proposed class of estimators have been studied and its performance has been examined with the sample mean estimator. The results are demonstrated through empirical studies which establish the effectiveness of the proposed class of estimators. Suitable recommendations have been put forward to the survey statisticians for its practical application.     

受益人道德风险的法律规制

在以死亡为给付保险金条件的人身保险合同中,受益人的道德风险表现多样,成因复杂,危害严重.作为人身保险的副作用,受益人的道德风险虽然不能完全消除,但可以采取一系列法律措施对其进行有效的规制,防范和减少道德风险的发生,在保险危险的保障和道德风险预防的激励之间寻求平衡,兼顾投保人、被保险人、受益人与保险人多方的利益.     

基于回归组合技术的连续性抽样估计方法研究

在使用样本轮换的连续性抽样调查中,不仅可以利用前期调查的研究变量的信息,还可使用现期调查的辅助变量信息来建立回归模型进行回归估计,进而构造回归组合估计量,并在此基础上确定最优样本轮换率和最优权重系数,使得回归组合估计量的方差最小,从而更大程度地提高连续性抽样调查的估计精度。     

评“第二代民族政策”说的理论与实践误区

文章针对"第二代民族政策"说中有关改变中国民族政策的若干依据,就中国民族政策的核心原则、少数民族地区经济社会发展水平、反恐反分裂斗争的基本原则、民族区域自治制度的法律地位等方面,评析了以"去政治化"为内涵的"第二代民族政策"设计。指出了其中的一系列理论和实践误区,同时对该文存在的思想方法、学风等方面的问题予以质疑和批评,认为"第二代民族政策"的所谓"国际经验教训"基本不符合事实。     

论继承的共同正犯

对于能否承认继承的共同正犯概念,后行行为者是否应当对先行行为者行为所造成的结果承担责任,刑法理论界存在着肯定说、否定说和限定的肯定说。应当承认继承的共同正犯概念,限定的肯定说能够准确界定各行为人的刑事责任。     

Benefit dependency: The pros and cons of using “caseload” data for national and international comparisons

Policy‐makers in advanced welfare states have increasingly expressed concerns over large numbers of working‐age people claiming social security support. Accordingly, policies aimed at reducing the level of “benefit dependency” have gained prominence. However, such policies rest on shaky empirical evidence. Systematic collections of national “caseload” data are rare, social security programmes overlap and administrative categories vary over time. The internationally inconsistent treatment of national transfer programmes provides a further challenge for cross‐national comparisons. This article first identifies and discusses several of these problems, and ways in which they may be addressed. It then employs administrative claimant data from six European countries as a way of illustrating trends over time and across countries. The underlying aim is to explore the scientific potential of benefit recipient numbers as an indicator for welfare state change over time and across countries.