扩大中间阶层是构建和谐社会的必要条件

中间阶层实质上是一个经济地位、政治地位和社会地位等各方面介于上层精英阶层和下层大众阶层之间的、具有中等社会经济地位的阶层和群体的集合.扩大中间阶层是构建和谐社会的必要条件.通过运用财政税收政策,大力发展教育和科技,鼓励创业,建立顺畅的社会流动机制等方式壮大我国的中间阶层对促进构建社会主义和谐社会有重要的作用.     

《红楼梦》中刘姥姥与《堂吉诃德》中桑丘形象对比

刘姥姥和桑丘是来自两个不同地域的人物,但是他们的行为方式和思想意识又有着许多的相似点,他们身上都体现出了农民的自私狭隘,同时也表现出了农民所固有的善良品性。透过他们,可以看到那个时代的黑暗面,看到不同阶层的生活状态和贫富差距,看到底层人民的悲惨命运和上层贵族的穷奢极欲。     

Stagnation only on the surface? The implications of skill and family responsibilities for the gender wage gap in Sweden, 1974–2010

The wage differential between women and men persists in advanced economies despite the inflow of women into qualified occupations in recent years. Using five waves of the Swedish Level‐of‐Living Survey (LNU), this paper explores the gender wage gap in Sweden during the 1974–2010 period overall and by skill level. The empirical analyses showed that the general gender wage gap has been nearly unchanged for the past 30 years. However, the gender difference in wage in less qualified occupations fell considerably, whereas the gender pay gap remained stable for men and women in qualified occupations. The larger significance of family responsibilities for wages in qualified occupations is one likely explanation for this result.     

比较视野的中国职务发明专利授权的分类统计与政策含义

职务发明专利授权意味着企事业单位或机关团体作为专利权人取得其雇员所发明技术的专利权。职务发明专利授权量可反映一个国家企事业单位或机关团体在其发明专利申请受理国运用专利制度获取技术竞争力的水平。根据世界知识产权组织的《国际专利分类号与技术领域对照表》，对我国1986—2006年发明专利授权按技术领域进行分类统计；从静态和动态比较的角度，对我国国内和国外发明专利授权格局及其演变进行分析；并对上述分析结果的公共政策含义进行探讨。     

Gender,Pay and Work Satisfaction at a UK University

This article examines a modern, former polytechnic granted the status of university in 1992, to illustrate the state gender pay gap in the UK and suggests that to talk of the state pay gap is too simplistic as it does not take into account variations in the size of the pay gap in different job grades. The article also examines satisfaction levels with pay for two groups of staff, administrative and academic and shows how satisfaction with pay, promotion and conditions also varies between the grades. Previous research that concluded that women are more satisfied with their pay than men is, again, too simplistic as it does not consider the affect of staff grade. The article argues that there is a link between the size of the pay gap, staff grade, occupational gender segregation and expressing dissatisfaction.     

论清初丁酉世盟高会

顺治十四年,冒襄于南京举行了丁酉世盟高会,大会故交同盟子弟.雅集上众人共同抒发了故国之思及抗清思变的愿望,造成集体拒绝参加江南乡试的政治影响.然而由于同盟后人的敌国之思终究存在隔闵、抗争思想不够坚决及难以抗拒现实利益的诱惑,使得拒绝参加清廷科考只能是暂时性的偶发事件.     

Longitudinal predictors of reading achievement among at-risk children

Early exposure to multiple risk factors is related to an elevated risk for academic difficulty. Thus, it is important to promote academic resilience as early as possible and to identify factors that support resilience. Given the positive relation between early literacy skills and later academic outcomes, examining resilience in reading is important. This study examined, first, whether the reading gap widens or narrows for below-average and above-average, at-risk children during the first four years of school; and, second, what protective factors predict reading achievement over time from kindergarten through the end of third grade. Results indicated that as a group, low-achieving children made smaller gains in reading than high-achieving children over the first four years of school. In addition, participation in center-based prekindergarten care, plus more access to books in the home, better interpersonal skills, and fewer poor physical conditions immediately surrounding elementary schools served as protective factors for at-risk children's early literacy development.     

基于多变量动态模型的产出缺口估算

 本文运用多变量动态模型系统下的Beveridge-Nelson分解方法和贝叶斯Gibbs抽样估计，估算了1985年1季度至2008年2季度期间中国的产出缺口，并且与传统的单变量估计方法测算的结果在统计属性和对货币政策调节的预测效果方面进行了比较。实证结果表明，不同产出缺口的统计属性存在差别，并且只有基于多变量系统测算的产出缺口对货币政策具有显著预测效果。这说明多变量模型估计出的产出缺口更全面地考虑了经济产出与其他相关变量的互动效应，含有的信息更为丰富，从而对宏观政策调整具有更重要的参考价值。     

代焦虑与创伤记忆--读君特·格拉斯的《狗年月》

《狗年月》是格拉斯的但泽三部曲之一部,这部作品与其他两部相比,作者的视野更加开阔.本文集中于分析小说中的"代现象",并以此为基点讨论德意志保守主义传统与纳粹统治的关系,揭示在高度分化的现代社会,不同群体之间的隔膜与争执,进而讨论如何承担历史责任的主题.     

The Incremental Group Testing Model for Gap Closing in Sequencing Long Molecules

In this paper, we propose the incremental group testing model for the gap closing problem, which assumes that we can tell the difference between the outcome of testing a subset S, and the outcome of testing S {x}. We also give improvements over currently best results in literature for some other models.