Interactionism in the age of ubiquitous telecommunication

ABSTRACT

The following paper aims to engage recent reconsiderations of Gibson’s theory of affordances and Goffman’s concept of copresence in the context of the material turn – especially in the form expressed by Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory. The paper’s central claim is that microsociology cannot avoid engaging material turn theory. It will be argued that contemporary attempts to reconceptualize classical microsociological frameworks set out on a path that invariably leads to problems investigated by thinkers like Latour: as communication technology advances, the importance of mediated interaction grows, prompting attempts to update interactionism for non-face-to-face interactions such as teleconferencing, social networks and virtual reality. These new social situations are then made sense of in terms of the way these technologies have a transformative effect on interaction. This effect ? be it a modifier of the temporal structure of the interaction, or of the interactional capacity of the agents ? is argued to always lead back to a central question of the material turn: if technology is a static transformational effect, where is its agency? Or, conversely: if a technological object’s effect is uniform across all external factors, how is that not a form of technological determinism? The paper investigates whether attempts to avoid determinism manage to keep Latourian metaphysics at bay. The paper concludes by suggesting that contemporary social theory must work towards a middle way that does not gloss over important contributions of material turn theorists whilst also not ignoring the importance of considering human political responsibility.     

美国外空核动力源安全机制对中国的启示

2007年联合国外层空间委员会与国际原子能机构制定《外层空间核动力源应用的安全框架》为各国利用核动力源提供技术指引。美国在与该安全框架保持一致的同时,形成了包括《国家环境政策法案》《总统发射核安全批准程序》《美国宇航局程序性要求》以及《国家反应框架》等法律规范构筑的国家外空核动力源安全机制。美国具备相对成熟的外空核动力源安全应用的技术和法律体系,涉及评估、审批、责任分配、反应机制等方面。中国在构筑国家外空核安全机制过程中,可以通过制定专门法规、建立国家核安全评估制度、提高政府核安全管理能力以及主导国际核动力源论坛等途径来构筑一个类似美国的国家级核动力源安全框架。     

公共安全事件中思想政治教育与大数据融合的逻辑进路

思想政治教育与大数据的融合,为解决公共安全事件中的社会矛盾提供了创新思路.要解决时代发展赋予我们的这一新命题,实现公共安全事件中思想政治教育与大数据的融合,必须把握两者融合的逻辑进路.信息化为思想政治教育带来的挑战和机遇是思想政治教育与大数据融合的逻辑起点;可分析性、关联性与灵活性成为思想政治教育与大数据融合的逻辑基础;分析客体画像、方式载体数据化以及建立大数据的评价反馈系统成为思想政治教育与大数据融合的逻辑路径.起点—基础—路径,是思想政治教育与大数据融合的逻辑构架,为思想政治教育在公共安全事件中发挥政治优势与技术优势,坚守思想阵线、稳定社会秩序提供了有力的理论支撑.     

Using the Assessment Framework to measure parental mood: an investigation of the reliability of the Adult Well‐Being Scale

The adoption of evidence‐based practice in social work has been widely promoted in recent years and with this, a growing emphasis on the evaluation of practice using well‐validated and reliable measurement processes. The Department of Health's ‘Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families’ in the UK includes quantitative measures that form part of a systematic assessment of the needs of children and their families that includes assessment of parenting capacity and parental emotional state. The measure selected to assess parental mood was originally known as the Irritability, Depression and Anxiety Scale, and has been renamed within the Assessment Framework as the Adult Well‐Being Scale. This instrument is designed to assess depression, anxiety, and inward and outward irritability. However, there has been relatively little contemporary evaluation of the reliability and validity of the measure, and the extent to which it measures the four constructs it is designed to assess. This research therefore conducted extensive analyses of the reliability, validity and underlying factor structure of the Adult Well‐Being Scale. The four subscales did not demonstrate sound psychometric properties. At best a total score may be used as an indicator of ‘overall psychological distress’.     

A systematic review of studies on ethnic minority youth development in Hong Kong: an application of the ecological framework

Abstract

Ethnic minority young people play a significant role in the socio-economic growth of an ageing society with a decreasing fertility rate. The successful social integration of individuals with diverse cultural backgrounds within a society is a core value of the social work profession. This study examines the understanding of ethnic minority youth development in Hong Kong using a systematic review methodology. Risk prevention and positive promotion factors were identified using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological framework. Articles were searched through multiple databases in English, and 36 academic articles were reviewed. These studies mainly examined the risks of academic failure of these students in Hong Kong while few focused on the positive directions of multidimensional youth development. Future social work research and practice should examine positive youth development for ethnic minorities which can inform social work practice in Hong Kong and within other East Asian traditionally ethnically homogeneous societies undergoing significant changes in ethnic diversity.     

除了“阐释”，文学理论还能干什么？

“阐释”是对既有文学现象和理论现象的解释,是文学理论研究中的重要研究方法。“文化诗学”和“文学理论的批评化”的实质都是对作家、作品及文学现象进行“阐释”。避免以前在立场和模式对文学现象进行“强制阐释”,追求“对话性阐释”、“适度阐释”是文论界的共识。“阐释”的过程中虽然也会有理论观点和理论态度,但“阐释”的侧重点却不在于面对纷繁的文学现象提出新的理论话题。中国文学理论研究的危机并不仅仅在于“强制阐释”,而在于“阐释”本身。对“阐释”的较多关注,对新的理论建构的有意回避,是导致文学理论研究缺乏个性和创新的重要原因。     

论《政治经济学批判大纲》中的哲学分析框架问题（待续）

从20世纪60年代开始,马克思的《政治经济学批判大纲》成为国际学术界研究和争论的焦点。研究和争论展开于三个领域：文献学、政治经济学和哲学。就哲学领域的研究历史和现状说,人们涉及到了众多论题,劳动异化说,自由时间说,社会本体论说,黑格尔哲学痕迹说等,不一而足。相对于《政治经济学批判大纲》的思想实际而言,已有研究成果的不足之处明显可见：没有在自觉意识层面提出和探讨其中的哲学分析框架问题。这里的哲学分析框架是主体、客体及二者之间的辩证关系。马克思运用这一哲学分析框架透视资本主义生产运行的三个过程：为剩余价值生产做准备的流通过程,即货币资本与劳动能力相交换;剩余价值的生产过程,即人与自然界的物质变换;剩余价值的实现过程,即商品资本与货币相交换。结果令人叹为观止,资本主义生产的政治经济学本质、阶级本质、法权本质、人学本质和社会历史本质逐一被暴露于光天化日之下。总体看,《政治经济学批判大纲》具有无可替代的马克思主义文献学价值,对我们现有的学术研究范式提出了诸多挑战,回应这些挑战是我们的学术责任。     

英文摘要

The establishment of China＇s basic economic system provides theoretical confidence for the compatibility between socialism and market economy. However, the institutional change from planning system to market system lacks the support of Marxist theoretical confidence. This article holds that the ownership theory of Marxism on productive relations should not undertake this task. However, productive relations require the theoretical support. Since it researches on the exchange and cooperation relationship among people and their order, which are positively consistent with the research object of modem institutional economics. Thus, the creation of Marxist institutional economics, taking the theoretical support for productive relations as the example, can help build Marxist theoretical confidence for the institutional changes in China.     

论基础规范中的谜题

凯尔森的基础规范理论在政治、法律、道德等社会科学领域引发持续的关注热潮。文章将对该理论中的若干重要谜题进行讨论,包括:基础规范作为实现从“是”到“应当”的范畴转换工具、基础规范作为非实证的预设和假说、基础规范作为界定法律秩序和识别规范成员资格的标尺,基础规范作为自然法或准法律实证主义的产物。以研究基础规范理论承担的重要任务和需要完善之处。      

论司空图《二十四诗品》之生态哲学观

一直以来,人们习惯将《二十四诗品》（以下简称《诗品》）看成中国古代文论的经典著作,关于《诗品》的研究已经成为一门显学,但其思想主旨和理论体系问题始终存在诸多争议。与其将《诗品》看成二十四种诗歌风格或意境的论述,不如将其看成是一种生态哲学之思的诗性表达。《诗品》所表达的生态哲学观可从三方面归纳:钟爱自然之“天人合一”自然观;生生不息、循环往复之整体自然观;少私寡欲、清新淡泊之生态人生观。《诗品》是中国传统生态哲学思想的集大成者,“天人合一”之生态观是《诗品》贯之首尾的理论体系之枢纽,从生态视角重新审视其思想主旨有助于挖掘其思想价值。