论商标翻译的跨文化意识

商标翻译涉及到民族文化、地域文化及他国消费心理等诸多因素。它是一种跨文化翻译。译者应具有很强的跨文化意识。本文从文化的角度，探讨商标翻译。认为商标翻译必须充分考虑文化差异，努力跨越文化鸿沟；必须熟知外国语言习俗，力避他国禁忌。     

论《所罗门之歌》中的布鲁斯美学

布鲁斯是由美国黑人创造的音乐流派。美国黑人女作家托尼.莫里森用文字来吟唱布鲁斯,其小说《所罗门之歌》中一首古老的布鲁斯歌曲贯穿全文始终,整部小说洋溢着浓厚的布鲁斯美学。本文从布鲁斯美学的角度探讨黑人的身份认同、文化传统的回归。     

文化领导权与知识分子的使命

葛兰西基于文化领导权理论提出了一条总体性、内在性的、渐进性的文化变革途径,这一理论突出了知识分子在实现文化变革和社会变革中的重要作用。在文化困境普遍化的当今时代,文化变革已经具有了直接的社会变革的意义,通过知识分子化获得文化领导权也几乎成为社会变革的唯一途径。因此,为了能够引领文化变革,知识分子重要使命就是克服自身严重的分化状态,使自身和社会实现知识分子化,从而克服文化困境,进而推动社会变革。     

公共权益合理避让问题评议——以新闻传播的视角

公共权益避让是现代司法的重要理念，新闻传播活动中也涉及到公共权益的避让问题。公共权益的合理避让会促成社会诸权益的关系和谐，达到司法保护的平衡，进而实现社会民主与公正。在新闻传播活动中，公共权益的避让应注意遵循长远平衡、定时平衡和弱势保护的原则，以达到公共权益避让的良好效果。     

Attracting Micro‐Enterprises To Learning

Micro‐enterprises, i.e. firms with less than 10 employees, are traditionally the hardest to engage in learning; they are also least likely to participate in such measures as business advice and guidance provision and initiatives to support information communication technology (ICT) adoption. Through a community‐based initiative initially targeting parents (unemployed or employed) to participate in ICT, 30 micro‐enterprises were attracted to learning for the first time. These companies had carefully avoided similar initiatives taking place locally, which emphasized business success and growth; they had only participated in this ICT skills training because of their children. The paper takes a case study approach to evaluate the reasons for participation, explores barriers and implications for those organizing similar activities, and calls for a more holistic view of owners and managers of small firms as fathers, mothers, etc. rather than just as ‘entrepreneurs’.     

文化语境与无语的含义

语言是人类交流的重要手段,而会话中的无语同样能传达丰富的信息,甚至是语言难以传达的信息。然而在实际交际中,不同地区、不同文化背景中的人对无语的态度和理解有着明显的差异,这些差异的产生与文化密不可分。分析产生这些差异的文化因素,旨在帮助人们从本质上理解会话中的无语在不同文化中的交际功能,从而提高跨文化交际的有效性和成功性。     

论潮汕近代民居建筑的海洋文化内涵

潮汕侨乡是广东侨乡的重要组成部分,华侨投资极大地推动了近代潮汕侨乡的建筑发展。近代潮汕侨乡建筑审美文化特征的主要表现是展现了中西建筑文化从接触碰撞到融会创新的历史过程,突出体现了开放性、兼容性、创新性的时代精神和审美特征。海洋文化对潮汕近代文化的影响是一个客现存在的事实,近代潮汕民居建筑文化是中国近代建筑文化的重要组成部分,有独特的历史文化价值,它给国际建筑思潮影响下的当代新地域性建筑的生存与发展以启迪。     

Reconsidering the Evolution of Nonlinguistic Communication: The Case of Laughter

Nonlinguistic communication is typically proposed to convey representational messages, implying that particular signals are associated with specific signaler emotions, intentions, or external referents. However, common signals produced by both nonhuman primates and humans may not exhibit such specificity, with human laughter for example showing significant diversity in both acoustic form and production context. We therefore outline an alternative to the representational approach, arguing that laughter and other nonlinguistic vocalizations are used to influence the affective states of listeners, thereby also affecting their behavior. In the case of laughter, we propose a primary function of accentuating or inducing positive affect in the perceiver in order to promote a more favorable stance toward the laugher. Two simple strategies are identified, namely producing laughter with acoustic features that have an immediate impact on listener arousal, and pairing these sounds with positive affect in the listener to create learned affective responses. Both depend on factors like the listener's current emotional state and past interactions with the vocalizer, with laughers predicted to adjust their sounds accordingly. This approach is used to explain findings from two experimental studies that examined the use of laughter in same-sex and different-sex dyads composed of either friends or strangers, and may be applicable to other forms of nonlinguistic communication.     

论张岱小品文的世俗性

从审美的角度看，张岱的小品文卸去了“文以载道”的传统，以普通人的视角再现明亡之前其亲历的生活，多方面表现了大众风情，具有鲜明的世俗性：把在传统文人看来俗之又俗的生活素材诉诸笔端；牵引市民化的人物走进小品文；尤其小说化语言的运用，使得作品富于生活气息。究其成因，首先是文艺思潮世俗化的时代洪流。涌溢各处、不断浸淫；其次是当时市民阶层爱好并喜做小品文的风气甚炽，使得张岱需要考虑读者的趣味；再次是张岱家世生平的坎坷，使他处于文化边缘的写作境地，用饱含深情的笔墨展现市民形貌、礼赞世俗人生。     

The Seveso Directive: An Italian Pilot Study in Enabling Communication

In 1982 the Council of the European Communities issued a Directive on the Major Accident Hazards of Certain Industrial Activities, commonly known as the Seveso Directive. Besides other requirements, the Directive specifies that members of the public liable to be affected by a major accident from certain industrial activities must be informed of safety measures and how they should behave in the event of an accident. The Directive was subsequently amended in an extensive way. Upon the transposition of the Seveso Directive and its amendments into national legislations, the 12 European Member States are faced with the task of "appropriately and effectively" informing the public about major accident hazards. Delays are observed throughout the community, both in transposing the Directives and implementing public information. A pilot study on "Risk Information Needs" was commissioned and carried out at two Seveso sites in Italy in order to begin to resolve some of the problems involved in the provision of public information and to suggest appropriate guidelines. One hundred subjects answered an experimental protocol designed to assess their "information needs." This article presents the theoretical background, the pragmatic aims, and the design of the study. It also summarizes its most relevant findings and suggests some recommendations for the provision of information to the public.