论公力救济程序中外语的法律地位

在公力救济程序中外语的法律地位受到不同程度的歧视,改变它既利于履行国际义务和保障外国人的国民待遇,也利于促进国际交流、合作和共同发展的事业.因此,应树立国际本位理念,落实国际条约优先适用和确立国民待遇原则,保障外国人平等地使用其语言文字的权利.     

Identification of Treatment Effects Using Control Functions in Models With Continuous,Endogenous Treatment and Heterogeneous Effects

We use the control function approach to identify the average treatment effect and the effect of treatment on the treated in models with a continuous endogenous regressor whose impact is heterogeneous. We assume a stochastic polynomial restriction on the form of the heterogeneity, but unlike alternative nonparametric control function approaches, our approach does not require large support assumptions.     

Sample size determination for the weighted log‐rank test with the Fleming–Harrington class of weights in cancer vaccine studies

In recent years, immunological science has evolved, and cancer vaccines are available for treating existing cancers. Because cancer vaccines require time to elicit an immune response, a delayed treatment effect is expected. Accordingly, the use of weighted log‐rank tests with the Fleming–Harrington class of weights is proposed for evaluation of survival endpoints. We present a method for calculating the sample size under assumption of a piecewise exponential distribution for the cancer vaccine group and an exponential distribution for the placebo group as the survival model. The impact of delayed effect timing on both the choice of the Fleming–Harrington's weights and the increment in the required number of events is discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Establishing Empirically-Informed Practice With Caregivers: Findings From the CARES Program

There is increasing interest in delivering efficacious interventions to caregivers. This study reports on the processes and findings from a modified approach of the Wraparound System of Care. The practice model is implemented over 4 phases and is based on 3 theoretical constructs and 10 principles. The evaluation utilized treatment fidelity measures and employed a quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design to examine caregiver outcomes (N = 120). Findings suggest significant improvement among caregivers’ self-reported health, life satisfaction, well-being, and quality of life, as well as a reduction in caregiver risk and burden. Delineation of the processes used in the model are presented.     

The Labor Law and the Preferential Treatment for Small Businesses

Tens of millions of small businesses, including countless individually run businesses, are operating in China. Hampered by their scale and limited job creation capacity, China’s small businesses need a more flexible approach to employment. In fact, their small size and their lack of technical expertise and standardized management mean that these small businesses find it hard to operate in strict compliance with labor laws in the way larger businesses do. Some other countries and regions tend to give preferential treatment to small businesses, exempting them from some of the provisions of labor law. China could consider changing the “one size fits all” provisions of its labor law to give preferential treatment to small businesses with regard to terminating employment contracts, drawing up regulations, signing contracts, and anti-discrimination in employment requirements.     

非刑罚少年处遇比较论

少年处遇是对少年偏差行为与罪错行为的处理与待遇。刑法理论从附属体发展到国家亲权理论,由单一少年刑罚处遇、日趋淡化惩罚性质发展到防卫社会保安处分处遇,乃至到着重考虑犯罪行为个体的特性发展到保护处分处遇,少年处遇也随之分类为刑罚、非刑罚或刑罚、保安处分、保护处分。我国也存在非刑罚少年处遇措施,构成7个各不相同种类的体系,分别体现在不同的法律规定中。中外少年非刑罚少年处遇措施的区别体现在其特点、立法形式、层次、种类等方面。借鉴国外少年处遇理论与发展的实际情况,结合我国少年处遇现状,我国应该建立一体化少年处遇措施体系,规定适用的程序与各少年处遇适用层次,并确立少年刑罚的最后适用原则。     

“缺席”抑或“在场”？我国邻避抗争中的环境NGO——以垃圾焚烧厂反建事件为切片的观察

围绕“我国邻避抗争中环境NGO究竟是‘缺席’还是‘在场’”这一理论与实践争议,对5家垃圾议题NGO在垃圾焚烧厂反建事件中的行动进行持续观察与剖析,认为可将其策略解读为“缺席的在场”。即有异于西方邻避运动中环保组织的激进角色,我国大部分环境NGO的确“缺席”了对抗争的直接组织与推动,尚未成为公民环境维权的引领者和动员力量,但若放眼邻避抗争所依存的整个环境治理链条,很多组织则已具有显著“在场性”。其经过“获得—拓展—展演”三个阶段,成功实现从抗争中“孕育”与“脱胎”,并依循“直接”和“间接”两条路径完成对冲突治理的“反哺”。这一发现对我国邻避风险应对、环境困局破解以及社会组织的培育等可提供有益启示。     

Social Support: An Important Factor for Treatment Adherence and Health-related Quality of Life of Patients with End-stage Renal Disease

ABSTRACT

End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) or chronic kidney disease constitutes a serious public health problem in the United States. The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationship of perceived social support with treatment adherence and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of ESRD patients. The study utilized a non-experimental research design and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze the data collected from a sample of 413 ESRD patients. The findings of the study supported a statistically significant relationship between perceived social support and HRQOL as well as between perceived social support and treatment adherence. Formulating appropriately targeted interventions to improve social support may help in enhancing the HRQOL and treatment adherence, where both those factors were empirically supported to be related to mortality and hospitalizations in ESRD patients. This study helps to enhance the body of knowledge relating to HRQOL of ESRD patients, and provided foundation for interventions in improving treatment adherence and the HRQOL. Future research may focus on the complexities associated with the HRQOL and treatment adherence in ESRD patients, with emphasis on demographic characteristics and its relationship with social support.     

Rehabilitation policy for drug addicted offenders in China: current trends,patterns, and practice implications

ABSTRACT

Drug use in China is both associated with criminal behaviour and regarded as social deviance. Drug addicted offenders can either be assigned criminal punishment or compulsory drug treatment, depending on the severity of the crimes they have committed. Compulsory drug treatment is in many ways similar to imprisonment in China. However, both compulsory drug treatment and imprisonment fail to prevent drug relapse. The authorities have implemented methadone maintenance treatment and non-medical social work interventions, although they are still in their infancy. More efforts should be made to deliver post-institutionalization programmes to help ex-inmates stay away from drugs and crime.