地下空间使用权性质及立法思考

随着城市化的发展,土地资源的日渐稀缺。而社会生产力和科学技术的发展,推动人类对土地的利用已经从平面化走向了立体化,空间权的概念也随之而产生。但对于空间权制度各国或地区立法不一,我国也存在许多争议。我们认为空间权只是空间使用权,而不存在空间所有权。空间权(或空间使用权)不是一个新的用益物权,是对在一定空间所设定的各种物权的一个综合表述。根据我国实际情况,应当优先确立地下空间使用权制度。     

未被观测经济形成和发展的博弈分析

未被观测经济,是指根据现行的国民经济核算体系应该被核算而未被核算和现行国民经济核算体系未涉及但又确实存在的经济生产活动的统称。未被观测经济在我国已有相当的规模,如要加以正确引导和治理,就必须事先准确了解它的形成机理。通过对三个不同博弈模型的构建和均衡点的探讨,描述了地下经济、非法经济和非正规经济的发展机理,从一定程度上解释了我国未被观测经济规模庞大的原因,并因此提出了应对的政策建议。     

白洋淀诗群的新诗史意义

“文革”语境中的白洋淀诗群是20世纪中国新诗不间断发展的一个重要环节,其在当代新诗发展史上具有重要意义。白洋淀诗群是对“文革”主流诗歌写作的一次背离和反拨,它重新确立了诗歌本体的独特存在,坚持了个体主体性和个性化的声音,并运用现代诗歌技巧,隐喻、反讽、悖论、意象叠加和重合,表现内心世界的荒诞意识和对理想的追寻与探索。     

商品住宅小区地下车库归属权分析

目前的《物权法》仅对地下车库采用约定方式确定权利作了简单规定，虽然充分体现了民事主体的“意思自治”的私法理念，但缺乏可操作性，要真正发挥“物尽其用”，必须要有明确的权利定位。以建筑物区分所有权理论为基础，并结合实践具体分析认为，地下车库的权利归属有约定的，按约定，除此之外，归小区业主共有。这种约定与法定的结合方式，既能满足小区业主的需要，又能鼓励开发商的积极性，是一种经济又合理的方式。     

夜郎文化研究中的几个问题

夜郎文化,是一段沉甸甸埋藏在贵州历史深处的一个谜团,学术界对此众说纷纭,莫衷一是.本文从一个新的视角,将种种说法窜掇起来,对夜郎文化作了一次梳理,进而提出了一些自己的见解.     

Reducing Drinking Water Supply Chemical Contamination: Risks from Underground Storage Tanks

Drinking water supplies are at risk of contamination from a variety of physical, chemical, and biological sources. Ranked among these threats are hazardous material releases from leaking or improperly managed underground storage tanks located at municipal, commercial, and industrial facilities. To reduce human health and environmental risks associated with the subsurface storage of hazardous materials, government agencies have taken a variety of legislative and regulatory actions—which date back more than 25 years and include the establishment of rigorous equipment/technology/operational requirements and facility‐by‐facility inspection and enforcement programs. Given a history of more than 470,000 underground storage tank releases nationwide, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency continues to report that 7,300 new leaks were found in federal fiscal year 2008, while nearly 103,000 old leaks remain to be cleaned up. In this article, we report on an alternate evidence‐based intervention approach for reducing potential releases from the storage of petroleum products (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, heating/fuel oil, and waste oil) in underground tanks at commercial facilities located in Rhode Island. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether a new regulatory model can be used as a cost‐effective alternative to traditional facility‐by‐facility inspection and enforcement programs for underground storage tanks. We conclude that the alternative model, using an emphasis on technical assistance tools, can produce measurable improvements in compliance performance, is a cost‐effective adjunct to traditional facility‐by‐facility inspection and enforcement programs, and has the potential to allow regulatory agencies to decrease their frequency of inspections among low risk facilities without sacrificing compliance performance or increasing public health risks.     

Reconceptualizing Women's and Men's Undeclared Work: Some Results from a European Union Survey

Recognizing that the current conceptualizations of men's and women's undeclared work derive almost entirely from a limited range of small‐scale studies of specific localities, sectors and occupations, this article begins to resolve this dearth of evidence by reporting the findings of an extensive cross‐national survey of undeclared work conducted in 2007 across 27 European Union (EU) nations. The outcome is fresh and extensive EU‐wide evidence that extends existing conceptualizations of the gender differences in terms of participation, sector, contract type and pay. However, the recognition that undeclared work is conducted for closer social relations and sometimes for motives other than financial gain, is shown to apply not only to women, as previously contended, but to men as well and to constitute most of the undeclared work in the EU. The result is a call for a fundamental reconceptualization of the nature of undeclared work that recognizes the heterogeneous work relations involved.     

Early Warning Indicators for Challenges in Underground Coal Storage

Early warning or leading indicators are discussed for unexpected incidences in case of large‐scale underground coal storage at a power plant. The experience is compared with above‐ground stockpiles for which established procedures are available but where access for prevention and mitigation are much easier. It is suggested that while the explicit organization, procedures, and the general safety systems aim to provide the targeted levels of performance for the storage, representing new technology without much precedence elsewhere in the world, the extensive experience and tacit knowledge from above‐ground open and closed storage systems can help to prepare for and to prevent unwanted incidents in the underground storage. This kind of experience has been also found useful for developing the leading or early warning indicators for underground storage. Examples are given on observed autoignition and freezing of coal in the storage silos, and on occupational hazards. Selection of the leading indicators needs to consider the specific features of the unique underground facility.     

从毕巧林到"地下人"——俄罗斯民族精神的一段艰难历程

从社会、人性和审美三个层面,审视莱蒙托夫的长篇小说《当代英雄》和陀思妥耶夫斯基的中篇小说《地下室手记》中的两个主人公:毕巧林和"地下人",可以看出二者的反叛皆因对自身恶的纵容而步入歧途。他们身上那种十分相似的恶魔气质,既体现了两位俄罗斯作家审美旨趣的内在联系,也反映了文艺复兴以来现代性审美历程中的矛盾和曲折。从毕巧林到"地下人",俄罗斯民族走过了一段艰难的精神之旅。     

居民小区地下人防车位纠纷及其法治路径

与居民小区停车位相关的各种矛盾纠纷频发,其中最为激烈的首推居民小区地下人防车位纠纷,其类型主要有产权纠纷、买卖合同纠纷及开发商垄断经营引发的纠纷。引发上述纠纷具有多重原因,首要原因是立法规范的模糊与缺失,车位权属的学理分歧也在客观上加剧了纠纷的复杂性,人防车位关联主体与利益的复杂性也是引发纠纷的重要原因之一。要解决居民小区地下人防车位相关问题,必先从理论上厘清居民小区地下人防车位的权利归属,从立法上完善人防车位的综合治理机制,从法律上明确开发商的告知义务。如是,方可达致定纷止争、社会安定之效。