保辜制度的医学法律思想价值

保辜制度是我国古代特有的刑事法律制度之一，我们可以从两方面挖掘其深刻的医学法律思想价值：一方面，应以谦卑审慎的态度对待医法关系，尽可能发挥二者的作用，促进司法鉴定问题和医患纠纷的协调解决；另一方面，强调加害人对被害人的救冶义务应包括医学心理学方面的效果，这是该制度所蕴涵的内容之一。     

刑事诉讼中被告人与被害人的权利平衡

实现被告人与被害人的权利平衡是刑事诉讼演进的必然规律。在我国，被害人当事人地位的确立使被告人和被害人的诉讼地位在法律上获得了平等的确认，从而为被告人和被害人的权利平衡奠定了基础。但在具体诉讼权利的保障方面，被告人与被害人权利失衡的现实困境依旧存在。被告人与被害人权利失衡之根源在于：价值目标的冲突，利益结果的冲突，权利保障与诉讼效益的冲突。为实现被告人和被害人的权利平衡，应寻求平衡之法，达成动态中的稳定、适度平衡。     

Why are older adults victims of fraud? Current knowledge and prospects regarding older adults’ vulnerability to fraud

Older adults are disproportionately targeted by various kinds of fraud, which result in irreversible economic losses and great psychological distress. Over the past years, researchers have conducted systematic research on the prevalence, under-reporting, and research methods of fraud victimization in older adults. Research paradigms regarding fraud victimization among older adults have mainly included cognitive, emotion regulation and motivation, and comprehensive paradigms. Factors shown to influence fraud victimization among older adults include cognitive decline, emotional regulation and motivational changes, their overly trusting nature, psychological vulnerability, social isolation, risk-taking, and a lack of knowledge and information regarding fraud prevention. Based on a review of the literature, future research can benefit from constructing a comprehensive fraud victimization theory, improving research methods, extending existing research, exploring physiological mechanisms of elderly fraud, and strengthening prevention and intervention efforts.     

过失犯罪中的被害人承诺效力之考察

在刑法理论中,学者都是从故意犯罪的角度对被害人承诺进行研究。在过失犯罪中,被害人承诺的刑法效力的承认往往由于被害人的故意性与行为人的过失性显得更为重要,从行为人的角度去考察被害人承诺的效力是被害人承诺研究的新视野。过失犯罪中的被害人承诺的效力应当从过失犯罪中的风险概率、行为人的阻止义务、被害人承诺时对风险的知晓程度以及承诺的表达方式等几个方面进行考察,以实现对过失犯罪中的被害人承诺效力的准确定位。     

A Psychosocial Understanding of Child Sexual Abuse Disclosure Among Female Children in South Africa

Child sexual abuse is endemic in South Africa, driven by high levels of gender-based violence and underscored by structural and social factors. This article aims to develop an understanding of the process of disclosure in a sample of female children and their caregivers. In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with 31 female children aged 8–17 years and their caregivers at 3 intervals after presentation to a sexual assault treatment center. Nearly half of the children failed to disclose the sexual abuse immediately, fearing caregivers’ reaction. Most children purposefully disclosed to a confidant through a process of identifying an intermediary to tell caregivers on their behalf. The process of disclosure was influenced by multiple factors, such as a fear of the caregiver’s reaction and disbelief, which is related to parental style. Disclosure was found to be a dynamic process that unfolds and not a single or static event and influenced by multiple factors which all impact on recovery. Our findings highlight the need to address social norms on sexual abuse in order to improve responses to disclosure to facilitate post-sexual-abuse adjustment for the child and the family.     

试论第三类自诉案件

本文分析了立法上增设第三类自诉案件的价值取向，指出这类案件的实质是公诉案件自诉化，阐述了被害人提起此类案件的条件，并就此类案件审理中的立案、管辖等问题提出了立法意见。     

Realigning criminal policy. Offender and victim in the Swedish party system over time

The article conducts a case study of criminal policy in the Swedish party system between 1960 and the present. Like other countries, Sweden has witnessed its criminal policy take a ‘punitive turn’ during this time. We hypothesize that this turn is explained by the fact that the discourse on crime has become increasingly victim-centred. Our study of the changes in the parties’ policies suggests that the parties play a central role in this explanation. In order to understand the punitive turn, however, the increasingly victim-centred discourse must in turn be explained. We argue that it is the individualization of society which provides the key here.     

两个牺牲者和一次大革命——由《双城记》中的卡尔顿和《九三年》中的戈万之比较谈开去

<双城记>中的卡尔顿和<九三年>中的戈万都是为实现完美人性精神而牺牲的牺牲者,一个是为了爱,一个是为了道德理想与人性信仰.狄更斯和雨果借助法国大革命,分别表现了爱与恨的对立、人性与革命的对立.两位作家在对待革命问题上的分歧,与他们所处的社会、历史环境以及他们本人的理想有关,同时也反映出英法传统民族方式中经验主义哲学观和大陆理性主义哲学观的差别.     

刑事诉讼中被害人作证探析

对在很多刑事案件中,被害人不仅见证了整个案件的发生过程,他往往还是犯罪行为的直接侵害对象。相对其他证人而言,被害人对犯罪的真实状况可能更为了解,被害人作证与其他证人作证相比,还是存在一些重要差别的,应当给予重视。     

论绑架被害预防

在追踪调查60例绑架案件和分析福建省公安厅刑警总队犯罪信息库相关资料的基础上,讨论绑架被害人的被害性、被害预防主体的行为与措施,加害人的心理特点等相关因素的相互影响,提出了绑架被害的控制条件与被害预防的关系以及解救人质行动中应注意的几个问题。