Evaluation of Embedded Intelligent Real‐time Systems*

Over the past two decades, questions have surfaced about the effectiveness and contribution of intelligent systems to decision makers in a variety of settings. This paper focuses on the evaluation challenges associated with intelligent real‐time software systems that are embedded in larger host systems. With the proliferation of such systems in operational settings such as aerospace, medical, manufacturing, and transportation systems, increased attention to evaluations of such systems, and to resulting software safety, is warranted. This paper describes one such evaluation and proposes a set of evaluation criteria for embedded intelligent real‐time systems (EIRTS). Implications of the evaluation and the evaluation criteria are discussed.     

生产分割、出口绩效与汇率调整的有效性——基于VECM模型的实证研究

本文探讨了在生产分割条件下,汇率对出口绩效的影响。发现出口绩效、汇率、外商直接投资和世界需求之间存在长期稳定均衡关系。国际生产分割导致中国大量进口中间产品并出口同类产品的制成品,这明显削弱了汇率对出口绩效的影响。在生产分割条件下,通过调整汇率来实现抑制出口并不有效。这解释了人民币持续升值的情况下,中国的出口不是减少而是不断增长这个似乎矛盾的现象。     

高校内部预算支出绩效评价指标体系的构建

实行预算支出绩效评价是市场经济条件下高校合理配置资源的客观需要,也是强化增收节支效果,杜绝无效与浪费,提高财务管理水平,推动学校各项事业可持续发展的必然要求。本文紧密结合高校实际,设计了切实合理、简便易行的高校内部预算支出绩效评价指标体系,对合理配置教育资源,提高资金使用效益进行了开创性的尝试。     

Exploring the Importance of Business Clockspeed as a Moderator for Determinants of Supplier Network Performance*

As the importance of supplier networks becomes increasingly recognized as a vital factor to company performance, researchers and practitioners alike are focusing their attention on this subject. The study's main objective is to test the specific hypotheses that effective use of Information Technology (IT) and the depth of company relationships with suppliers are directly related to Supplier Network (SN) performance, and that industry clockspeed moderates these relationships. A convenience sample of 135 manufacturing organizations was used to empirically test these hypotheses. Our results indicate that clockspeed does moderate the relationship between IT use effectiveness and supplier network performance. The same is true in the case of supplier relations depth, and hence, managers are encouraged to pay attention to the items comprising network performance as a determinant of supplier network performance.     

董事会特征与总经理变更

本文以在上海证券交易所1999年前上市的公司为样本,研究董事会特征等治理变量对总经理变更的影响。研究结果表明,对相对业绩下降公司的总经理变更能起到显著解释作用的变量只有董事会会议的次数和公司的领导结构。而其它治理变量,诸如董事会规模、管理董事比例、独立董事比例、股权集中度、董事会成员持股比例等,未能对总经理变更起到显著的解释作用。     

大股东存在下的独立董事对公司业绩的影响——基于内生视角的审视

我国独立董事对公司业绩的治理效果一直是学者们感兴趣的话题,但此前的研究一直忽视了独立董事的内生性问题.本文使用四种模型检验了当大股东存在时独立董事对公司业绩的影响.研究发现,在排除内生性之后,独立董事对业绩的影响并不显著.本文认为,造成这种现象的原因在于当公司存在大股东的时候,公司董事会的构成会受到大股东的控制,从而使得独立董事制度流于形式.     

An Empirical Investigation of Costs in Batching Decisions*

This paper examines the use of costs and cost functions to model lot‐sizing decisions in batch manufacturing. The cost functions used to model a wide variety of manufacturing systems are typically derived from average cost models of unconstrained inventory problems. The use of setups and average inventories as the basis for modeling the economics of a typical batch manufacturing cell is shown to be inadequate. An alternative physical model that focuses on lead times provides a model that more closely represents the underlying value of such a cell.     

绩效评价中主管评价与自我评价的差异性研究

通过386份数据,实证分析了员工绩效“自我评价”与“主管评价”结果差异与员工人口特征变量的关系。分析结果显示,在“入职时间”和“职位层次”两个人口特征变量上,自我评价与主管评价不仅总体评价结果存在显著性差异,而且在“工作业绩”、“工作能力”、“工作态度”、“合作意识”等四个维度上表现出不同程度的显著性差异。在“性别”变量上,“合作意识”维度表现出显著性差异;在“文化程度”变量上,“工作能力”维度表现出显著性差异;在“跳槽次数”变量上,“工作态度”维度表现出显著性差异。文章根据实证分析结论,提出了相应的提高绩效评价数据信度和效度的建议。     

我国企业实施并行工程中人的因素研究

人的因素被公认为成功实施并行工程的关键。在对我国实施并行工程企业的案例调查以及对国外情况综合研究的基础上,本文分析总结了我国企业实施并行工程中在人员选择、培训、绩效评价和激励等多方面的作法和问题,并探讨了解决的措施。     

上市公司并购整合效率的影响因素新探

已有研究并购效率的文献大多局限于并购交易效率,而忽略了并购整合效率,实际上两者的性质是不一样的.本文首次区分并购交易效率与并购整合效率,并分析了影响并购整合效率的因素,重点讨论了政府干预、代理成本对并购整合效率的影响.实证发现:并购后不同阶段的整合具有不同的重点和难点,整合必须分清主次、循序渐进;并购活动中的代理成本显著降低了并购整合效率,但国有上市公司与民营上市公司的表现形式因代理成本差异而有所不同;政府干预始终是影响并购整合效率的重要因素.政府出于政策性负担或政治目标通过并购活动来支持或掠夺其控制的企业,对盈利国有上市公司的并购整合产生负面影响.对亏损国企产生正面影响,而对民企的并购整合影响不显著.